语法专项一虚拟语气市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,语法专项：虚拟语调,第1页,第1页,与现在相反,if,条件句,实义动词过去式,bewere,主句,would/should/could/might+,动词原形,与过去相反,had+,过去分词,would/should/could/might+have done,与未来相反,were to+,动词原形,should+,动词原形,would/should/could/might+,动词原形,第2页,第2页,1.Jean doesnt want to work right away because she thinks that if she _ a job,she probably wouldnt be able to see her friends very often.(96.1),A.has to getB.were to get,C.had gotD.could have got,B,第3页,第3页,7.If I hadnt stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell,you _ now.(99.1),A.wouldnt be smiling,B.couldnt have smiled,C.wont smile,D.didnt smile,A,第4页,第4页,【语法关键点】错综时间虚拟句,假如条件从句中动作与主句中动作发生时间不一致，那么要依据不同时间来调整动词形式。,eg.If he had listened to me,he would not have been in such trouble now.,假如他过去听了我话，现在他就不会陷入这么麻烦。,If the criminal were honest,hed have made a clean breast of the whole thing long ago.,第5页,第5页,【,语法要点,】,省略,if,虚拟句,在,If,引导非真实条件从句中谓语动词部分含有were,had,should,，可省略,if,这时需将助动词,were,had,should,提到句首，变成倒装结构。作谓语动词时，也能够提到句首而省略,if,。如：,-Were I you,I wouldnt do like that.,-Had u asked me,I would have told u.,-Should it be necessary,I would go.,第6页,第6页,2.If the whole operation _ beforehand,a great deal of time and money would have been lost.(99.6),A.was not planned B.has not been planned,C.had not been planned D.were not planned,3._ for my illness,I would have lent him a,helping hand.(95.1),A.Not beingB.Had it not been,C.Without beingD.Not having been,C,B,第7页,第7页,4._ before we depart the day after tomorrow,we should have a wonderful dinner party.(97.1),A.Had they arrived B.Would they arrive,C.Were they arriving D.Were they to arrive,D,第8页,第8页,【,语法要点,】,不使用,if,含蓄虚拟句,这类句子特点是即使不使用,if,，但有相称于,if,短语，最惯用形式包括由,but for,without,构成介词短语或,otherwise,or,or else,and,单独使用。如：,-,Without,your help,we could not have finished the work earlier.,(,假如没有你帮忙，我们不也许早点儿把这活干完。,),-Five minutes earlier,and you would have seen him.,(,假如早来五分钟，你就能见到他了。,),-,But for,his help,I would/should fail.,第9页,第9页,Another effort,and,you will/would have succeeded.,Put on more clothes,or,u would have caught cold.,第10页,第10页,【,语法要点,】,不使用,if,含蓄虚拟句,if,同义词尚有：,除非,unless;,假定,/,假如,providedproviding(that),supposing/suppose(that),Given that,Assuming(that);,假如,only if,只要,so(as)long as;,以,为条件,on condition that;,第11页,第11页,-I might have done better,under more favorable conditions.,-,In the absence of,keeper,the warehouse would have been burned down.,-In case of ,in the event of.,第12页,第12页5 We didnt know his telephone number;otherwise we _ him.(95.6),A.would have telephoned B.must have telephoned,C.would telephone D.had telephoned,6.He must have had an accident,or he _ then.(90.1),A.would have been hereB.had to be here,C.should be here D.would be here,A,A,第13页,第13页,【,语法要点,】wish/if only,虚拟句,与现在事实相反，动词变成普通过去式,(be,用,were)did,I wish I knew German.,I wish I were a bird.,与过去事实相反，用过去完毕进或,could/might/would+have done,I wish I had gone with you to the party yesterday.,I wish I could have caught the last bus.,与未来事实相反，用,could/would/might+do,I wish I could walk on the moon one day.,以上各句中,I wish,都能够换成,if only,动词改变形式与“,I wish”,相同。,第14页,第14页,“if only”,从句只用虚拟语调，并且其主句普通都省略，并以感慨句形式出现，表示“要是,就好了,!”,谓语动词用过去时表示与现在 事实相反,用过去完毕时表示与过去事实相反,.,Look at the terrible situation I am in!If only I had followed your advice!,If only I had money,I could travel around the world!,第15页,第15页,8.I wish I _ longer this morning,but I had to,get up and come to class.(95.6),A.could have sleptB.slept,C.might have sleptD.have slept,9.Sometimes I wish I _ in a different time and a different place.(.1),A.be livingB.were living,C.would liveD.would have lived,A,B,第16页,第16页,10.,If only the committee _ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.(97.1),A.approve B.will approve,C.can approveD.would approve,11.Look at the terrible situation I am in!If only I _ your advice.(93.6),A.followB.had followed,C.would followD.have followed,D,B,第17页,第17页,【,语法要点,】would rather,后宾语从句,用普通过去时表示“宁愿某人现在做（或不做）某事，但如表示“宁愿某人过去做（或没做）某事时，,would rather,后则用过去完毕时，如：,Id rather he hadnt done that yesterday.,would rather,也可换成,would sooner,would just as soon,使用办法不变。,It is time+,从句（普通过去时）,第18页,第18页,12.To be frank,Id rather you _ in the case.(95.1),A.will not be involved B.not involved,C.not to be involved D.were not involved13.Frankly speaking,Id rather you _ anything about it for the time being.(99.1),A.didnt do B.havent done,C.dont do D.have done,D,A,第19页,第19页,14.“You are very selfish.Its high time you _ that you are not the most important person in the would,”Edgar said to his boss angrily(99.1)A.realized B.have realized,C.realize D.should realize,15.Its already 5 oclock now.Dont you think its about time _?(99.6),A.we are going home B.we go home,C.we went home D.we can go home,A,C,第20页,第20页,【,语法要点,】,表示“要求，提议、命令、请求、安排、欲望、想法”等意义动词后宾语从句中用,should+,动词原形，,should,可省略。常见这类动词有：,要求：,argue,ask,agree,demand,determine,insist,desire,require,request,maintain,beg,decree,plead,prefer,pray,提议：,propose,suggest,advise,recommend,move,（主张），,urge,命令：,command,order,direct,prescribe,（命令，批示）,resolve,（决意）,rule,（裁决）,stipulate,（要求）,.,安排：,arrange,decide.,第21页,第21页,16.We desire that the tour leader _ us immediately of any change in plans.(93.6),A.informB.informs,C.informedD.has informed,17.As commander in chief of the armed forces,I have directed that all measures _ for our defense.(99.6),A.had been takenB.would be taken,C.be takenD.to be taken,A,C,第22页,第22页,【,语法要点,】,表示“提议、请求、要求、命令”意义动词出现在,it is+v-ed,结构中，或出现在同位语从句、主语从句中时，其后仍然接（should,）,+,动词原形。,It has been intended that I should go to one of the greatest universities.,打算让我上一所重点大学。,第23页,第23页,18.It is recommended that the project _ until all the preparations have been made.,(95.6),A.is not started B.will not be started,C.not be started D.is not to be started,19.We are all for your proposal that the discussion _.(98.6),A.be put off B.was put off,C.should put off D.is to put off,C,A,第24页,第24页,【,语法要点,】It is+,形容词,+that+(should)+,动词原形结构,常见这类形容词有：,necessary,strange,natural,advisable(,明智,合理,),desirable,（抱负）,preferable,（更可取）,imperative,（迫切,)important,essential,incredible,essential,natural,anxious,appropriate,better,insistent,obligatory,urgent,unthinkable,【,语法要点,】,It is a pity/a shame/no wonder that(should),第25页,第25页,20.It is essential that the application forms _ back before the deadline.(90.1),A.must be sent B.would be sent,C.be sent D.were sent,21.I dont think it advisable that Tom _ to the job since he has no experience.(97.6),A.is assigned B.will be assigned,C.be assigned D.had been assigned,C,C,第26页,第26页,【,语法要点,】in case,lest,for tear that,引导 状语从句,这类句子形式为,should+,动词原形。如,:,She took her raincoat with her in case it should rain.,He put his overcoat over the boy for fear that he should catch cold,第27页,第27页,22.The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _ himself.(98.1),A.injureB.had injured,C.injuredD.would injure,23.He was punished _ he should make the same mistake again.(.6),A.unlessB.lest,C.if D.provided,A,B,第28页,第28页,【,语法要点,】,“so that”,和“,in order that”,从句引起虚拟语调,She stayed at home for a few days,so that,she,might have,more time to study.,She researched carefully,in order that,she,might discover,a cure for cancer.5.“lest”,等连接词引起虚拟语调,“,lest,in case,for fear that,provided(that),on condition that”,等连接词引起虚拟语调,He hurried on,lest,she,(should)meet,him again.,He is working hard,for fear that,he,should/might/may fail,.,Take this umbrella,in case,it,(should)rain,.,第29页,第29页,【,语法要点,】,whether,类虚拟语调,由连词,whether(,无论,无论,尽管,),所引出状语从句,惯用于正式语中,其谓语用虚拟语调,也就是动词原形,也可省略,whether,和,should,再半倒装,.if,though,although,even though,whatever,也有此使用办法,.,Whether,the figures,be,accurate or not,they have to be rechecked.,Home is home,be,it ever so homely.,If,he,be elected,president,we should all resign.,Though,he,be reduced to,poverty,he will never be dishonest.,Whatever,be,his defense,we cannot tolerate his disloyalty.,第30页,第30页,【,语法要点,】,expect,believe,think,suspect等动词用在否认，疑问形式时，他们后面所跟宾语从句通惯用,should/could+v.,表示惊恐奇怪不满怀疑等情绪，并且不能省略,.,E.g.I never thought that she should be such a sophisticated girl.,第31页,第31页,【,语法要点,】,祝贺、祝愿别人,Long,live,the P.R.C.,May,the friendship between our tow peoples,last,forever!,May,success,attend,you!,May,you both,be,happy!,So,be,it.,（希望如此就这样吧。）,Far,be,it from me to,（我极不愿）,spoil the fun.,第32页,第32页,