2023年BEC模拟真题阅读part综合总结.doc

BEC reading part5（改错）解 题 方 法
【考题特点】
就其形式来看，BEC短文改错中只有多词和正确两种。多词常表现在出现多出冠词，介词，副词，连词，代词等等。也就是说，多词多表现在虚词多出。这些词出现后会造成句子语法上错误或逻辑意义上不通。语法上错误通常表现在词性误用，代词重复，泛指与特指误用，时态不正确，对立性词语同时出现等等。对于动词考查，多出现在那些能够接从句又能够用于复合结构词，出题者通常是经过两种句式混用来达成测试考生分析句子能力目标。在答这部分题时，应从句子结构、动词时态、习惯搭配、名词单复数、冠词使用、介词使用、代词使用等角度找出多出词。譬如 “because"后面跟名词短语要由“of "连接。这部分常见语法错误包含：时态、语态、虚拟语气等错误；前后不一致；as使用方法错误；非谓语动词使用方法错误；从句和引导词错误；代词错误；介词错误等。
【基本方法】
通读全文，把握大意(浏览全文后，考生可从以下三方面找出多出或用错词：
一是依照上下文信息，找出与全文逻辑不相符单词；
二是从语法角度出发，分析句子成份，找出每个意群在句子中所起作用，理清了句子结构，多出词自然就显现出来；
三是从习惯使用方法人手，找出与约定俗成句式及短语相悖单词。)
很多考生在做题时候会碰到不知道是否该删除某个词语情况，这时应该从全文内容出发，判断其是否多出，通常情况下都是名词或代词为多，出题者经过增加多出名词或代词来对考生进行干扰，从而达成测试目标。先通读全文另外一个好处就是能够在读过程中先找出一些显著错误，这也遵照了我们常说先易后难解题规律。
以句子为单位，逐一进行分析
在四六级中，经常是几行才设置一道题目，而BEC则不一样，每一行都设置一道题目，所以，一个句子通常都会被拆分成时上下两行。所以，我们做题时候应该以句子为最小单位，然后对其进行分析，找出其中错误所在，而不应该仅仅局限于一行对句子进行分析。
分析句子成份，找犯错误所在
判断一个句子正确是否，经过需要对句子进行语法成份分析，以判断是缺乏语法成份，还是出现多出语法成份。一个完整句子通常要包含主语，谓语和宾语。所以我们分析句子时候也是从主谓宾入手。这就要求学生掌握一定语法知识，具备分析句子成份能力。考生应该在平时练习时加强对句子成份分析。
遵照先易后难，充分利用时间
就考试时间而言，BEC考试时间要比四六级考试时间长。不过，因为BEC难度较大，很大一部分考生仍会感到时间不够用。所以，在做题时候，我们仍要遵照先易后难标准，争取在最短时间内拿到做多分。考生在平时练习时候也要养成这个习惯，这么就能够防止在考试时候死扣住一道难题不放，而失去了那些轻易该得分题目。
【常见错误】
（1）将泛指内容特指化
这主要是指在名词前加上了多出定冠词，造成泛指内容被特指。因为在BEC考试中不存在漏词情况，所以在名词前缺乏冠词情况是不存在。当考生碰到复数名词前定冠词时，能够考虑其是否多出。
比如： The final decision was reached after day-long session of the tests, interviews and exercises. (tests, interviews and exercises均为泛指内容，而不是某种特有，专门tests, interviews and exercises ， 所以在这个句子中，the是多出。)
（2）时态不正确
对于时态方面考查，最常见就是在时间，条件，让步状语从句后用带will未来时态。我们知道，这些从句要用通常现在时来代替通常未来时。所以，句中 will往往是多出。(当然，有时候will表示意愿，用在if条件句中，表示“假如你愿意......”这个要区分对待)
比如： …, a password allows them to access the system wherever they will happen to be that day. (这是一个让步状语从句，从句要求用通常现在时来表示通常未来时，所以句中 will是多出，应该去掉。)
（3）对立性词语在句子中同时出现
在汉字里，我们能够把“即使”“不过”放在一起，也能够将“因为”“所以”放在一起，而在英语中，我们用了although/though就不能够用but (不过能够用yet)，用了because/since/as就不能够用so。另外。在句子中通常不能够同时出现以下词语： how与well ， only与hardly ，serve与for ，reach与at/in ，rise与up ，most与best ， must与have to ，another与other(s) ，marry与 with ，repeat与again (但能够与again and again连用)，return 与 back等等。
比如： How do you get on well with the staff. (这句话中，well实际上回答了how， 所以well是多出。又如serve for our customs 中for也是多出，因为serve是及物动词，本身已经含有for意思，再用for就造成了意思上重复。)
（4）词性误用
因为词性误用而造成单词多出在BEC短文改错中也是经常能够碰到。尤其是对动词考查，如及物和不及物混用（错误分类：两个动词、及物动词+介词、不及物+宾语，“V+adv+介词”可能需要去掉其中副词或介词）等等。
比如：Their backgrounds are vary from arts to sciences （vary是动词，所以，are是多出。又如：But Garrard is going to be relax. 一句，relax是动词，be是多出。 又如：Rather than waste of time in traffic jams.中of 是多出，因为waste是及物动词；又如：…,where executives fly them in and out the same day. 中them是多出，因为fly是不及物动词。）
又如：In addition to have formal lessons, participants have the opportunity to learn in social situations with trainers and fellow students. (In addition to中to是介词，后面要接上名词或动名词，不能够接上动词原形。所以应该去掉have )
（5）宾语从句中that与what或that 与if / whether同时出现
在宾语从句中，我们不能够用两个连词来连接同一个句子。出题者往往会在宾语从句中同时使用that和what或that和if / whether来考查学生是否掌握好基本语法知识。
比如：It really doesn’t matter that what we pay for an investment. (在这句话中就同时用了两个连词。我们知道，pay是一个及物动词，要求接上宾语，what在这里充当pay宾语，而that仅仅是起到连接作用，没有实在意义，所以 that是多出。)
又如：They understand that if the really price of not training is the company failing behind as a result. (在这句话中同时使用了两个连词that和if ,依照句子意思，我们能够判断出不含有“是否”之意，所以句中if是多出。)
（6）惯用短语（或句型）中出现多出词语
在英语中有很多约定俗成短语我们经常称之为成语。这么短语往往不能够随便增加或降低单词。在BEC中，这么题目也经常出现，这主要是考查学生对惯用成语识记能力。这就要求考生在平时学习过程中要重视知识积累。
比如：There is less need for managers to turn it up at the office every day. (turn up是“出现，露面”意思，是固定结构，所以it是多出，应该删去。又如not long time ago中time也是多出；在“within+时间段”结构中假如出现the等也是多出；at the first hand中the是多出。)
（7）造成句式混乱（或者成份多出）多出词语
对于这个方面考查，主要集中在一些能够用于复合结构，又能够用于宾语从句动词，出题者经过混用两种句式来达成测试目标。以及一些结构本已经完整句子里无故多出一些词语（eg：it ，so, that 等）处理这类题目标方法就是分析句子成份，看是复合结构还是宾语从句，并注意改错要求。
比如：Today these mini-conference centers provide services are designed for business travelers. (这句话主语中心词为centers，谓语为provide，宾语为services 。而后面谓语动词are却没有主语，所以应该把are删去，用过去分词做后置定语。当然，在四六级考试中，我们完全能够在are前加上that或which来组成定语从句，不过，在BEC中，因为没有漏词情况，所以不能够这么改。)
又如：The other candidates seemed me to be very strong , and I have to say I found that the selection procedure really hard. (在这句话中，有两处错误，一个是seem使用方法，一个是find使用方法．seem惯使用方法为：seem to be / seem that / seem as if 等，不能够在seem后直接跟上人称代词。所以me是多出，应该删去。而find后面经常跟上that引导宾语从句，如：I find that the work is really hard . 另外，find也经惯用于复合结构，即＂find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语＂结构，如上面句子也能够说：I find the work really hard .　在例句中是将这两种结构混合使用，所以应该将 that删去。又如上面所说，假如这是四六级考题，我们完全能够在really前加上一个be动词，这么就成了find引导宾语从句了。不过BEC 中是没有漏词情况，所以大家在做题时候要尤其注意，做到符合题目要求。)
（8）造成句意含糊或相反多出词
这种类型错误往往不轻易发觉。因为出题者通常是经过增加一个词，而这个词恰好与前后词语组成一个考生熟悉词组，从而让考生往陷阱里跳。有时候，这么题目必须经过文章整体意思才能够判断哪个词语是多出，而有一些仅仅经过分析整个句子就能够发觉。这种类型题目考查了考生对语篇段落把握能力。
比如：Yet now that there is strong interest , as travelers become aware of the new facilities . (依照逻辑我们知道，句子并没有“既然”意思，而说是现在一个情况而已，出题者经过now that这个词组来干扰考生。很多考生看到now that是一个固定词组就认为没有错误，而没有对句子意思进行分析，所以往往发觉不了错误所在，这就掉进了出题者所设陷阱里。经过这道题也说明我们必须把握文章意思，不能够仅仅依照语法对句子判断正确是否。)
又如：The work he has done is far away from satisfaction. (在英语中我们能够说far away from，如It's far away from here. 离这很远。不过后面跟上抽象名词时候，我们要用far from，如far from completeness / enough 等。)

（9）无to 结构出现多出to
英语中无to不定式主要有以下几个情况：（1）在助动词或情态动词后面要用不带to不定式。（used to , ought to是本身带有to；need作情态动词时不带to，作实义动词时带to；dare使用方法跟need类似。） （2）在半助动词had better , had rather , had sooner , would rather , would sooner等后面用不带to不定式。 （3）在why开头必定和否定句后都用不带to结构。 （4）在介词but , except , besides , than前面假如出现了实义动词do，要用无to不定式作介词宾语。 （5）在would you please 后要用不带to结构。 （6）在感官动词和使役动词see , notice , hear , watch , observe , feel , find , look at , listen to , make , let , have , leave , bid后面要接不带to不定式作宾语补足语。
比如：They must to train for everything before the start of the competition .　(must是情态动词，后面要接上动词原形，所以must后面to是多出，应该删去。)
又如：The boss always makes the workers to work overtime . （make后应该接上不带to不定式作宾语补足语，类似这么用动词还有see , hear , watch , feel , let , have , listen to , observe 等等．）
又如：The manager could do nothing but to wait for him to leave. ( 因为在but前面出现了实义动词do，所以后面动词必须是比带to，所以to多出。)
（10）无“如此”之意却出现so
对于so在BEC改错中考查频率相对来说还是比较高。考查方向主要有两个，一个是句子本无“如此”之意而强加上so ，另外一个就是经过组成so惯用词组短语来测试考生分析能力。
比如：Working with a manager you rarely see is now so far from usual , and … (在这里只是说明一个现象，并没有“如此”之意，假如有“如此”之意，后面通常会出现that与之对应．)
又如：So how is “the best” personal assistant chosen from a group of so extremely good and very different individuals ? (这句话原意并没有“如此”之意，所以，第二个so 是多出，应该删去．另外，含有“极端”意义词语通常不用so修饰．)
（11）抽象名词被可数化
抽象名词被可数化主要是指在不可数名词前面用了不定冠词a 或an ，使不可数名词被看成可数名词使用。这主要考查考生对词性把握能力。这类题目标处理方法就是平时学习过程中多注意积累，有些名词，如bread , paper , chalk在汉字里是可数，不过在英文里是比可数。当然，对于一个不熟悉名词，在考试中就只有经过逻辑来判断了。
比如：A poor financial management is one of the main reasons why business fails . (management是一个抽象名词，所以它属于不可数名词，前面a是多出)
又如：If you would like to receive a further information on working overseas, please do not hesitate to contact us. (information是不可数名词，不能够用a修饰，所以a是多出。)
（12）意义上重复造成多出
这类词考查主要集中在含有“极端”意义或绝对概念形容词或副词上，也就是本身含有“最”意义形容词或副词，如：comparative , relative , absolute , entire , excellent , perfect , total , through , utter , whole , complete , full , empty等，这些词语都没有比较等级，所以前面不能够用more , most来修饰这些词语。
比如：He is the most excellent worker of the company . (这句话中excellent 已经含有“最”意义，不需要再用most来修饰，所以most是多出。)
（13）构建虚假定语从句
这类题目在BEC考题中会经常出现。出题者往往在一个简单句谓语前加上一个which或that来构建一个虚假定语从句。对于这类题目标处理方法就是分析句子成份，我们知道，定语从句中that或which都是充当一定语法成份，假如句子不缺乏语法成份，那么句子中that或which就是多出。
比如：This experience which will also give you a chance to widen your outlook on life, encounter cultural differences and develop new skills. (在这个句子中，主语是this experience,谓语是give后面是give宾语。所以，句子不缺乏语法成份，which是多出。)
又如：Staying with a host family that gives participants even more time to practise English. (在这个句子中，用了动名词做主语，谓语动词是give，后面其它是宾语成份。句子主谓宾成份都不残缺，所以that是多出，应该删去。)
（14） 单复数修饰词弄错
Eg: every只能修饰单数
（15）并列式错误：并列两项形式不一样
Eg: Sending an email or by using another means of communication
并列两项形式不一样，应去掉BY或者假如把BY放在第一个前也行
（16）特指型错误
So\such\that\this\these\those\the\a\an\they\their\our\it
(17)代词重复
Eg: It should also contain the names of those ones who will
(1)人邮第二辑真题TEST 1 READING PART 5
Customer Services Director
0 Our client is well known as a producer of branded products in the home
00 improvement sector. The business is experiencing a period of such significant
34 volume and profit growth and as a result is now looking to appoint itself a
35 Customer Services Director. This position involves（vt”包含”，vi involves in “参加，卷入”）in reporting directly to the {词性误用}
36 Managing Director and key responsibilities include the control and development
37 of the process for ordering goods. While （没有从句，conj是多出）through the management and
38 motivation of twenty staff, you will be seen the focal point of managing(The focal point [光][数] 焦点; (活动、兴趣、注意力等)中心; (疾病)主患部；(地震)中心部(n)){be the focal point of 惯用短语中出现多出词语}
39 customers' expectations, from keeping them up to date at all times with the{keeping them up to date 是现在分词短语做状语，from是造成句式混乱多出词语}
40 progress of their orders. This role is a challenging one and calls for an individual
41 with those top-level interpersonal and communication skills and a good{those是造成句意含糊多出词}
42 understanding of process management. In return for the company offers the{惯用短语In return中出现多出词语for}
43 right candidate with a highly competitive salary and benefits package. Assistance{惯用短语offer sb sth中出现多出词语with}
44 with relocation expenses(, if appropriate,) that is also available. If you feel you have{构建虚假定语从句,出题者往往在一个简单句谓语前加上一个which或that来构建一个虚假定语从句}
45 the qualifications for this exciting role and are looking for a challenge, please write in confidence to:
(2)人邮第二辑真题TEST 2 READING PART 5
　　Personal Assistant of the Year（
　 0 Anne-Marie Garrard was shocked when it was announced that she had won the
　　00 Personal Assistant of the Year award. ‘The other candidates seemed me {惯用短语seem to be中出现多出词语sb}
　　34 to be very strong, and I have to say I found that the selection procedure really{而find+that引导宾语从句(须含 主 谓 宾)，如：I find that the work is really hard . 另外，find也经惯用于复合结构，即＂find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语＂结构}
　　35 hard,' she says. 'I didn't think I had any chance of winning. When I heard my
　　36 name, my legs were so weak I could only hardly stand up,' she laughs. So{对立性词语在句子中同时出现，用了although/though就不能够用but (不过能够用yet)，用了because/since/as就不能够用so。在句子中通常不能够同时出现以下词语： how与well ， only与hardly ，serve与for ，reach与at/in ，rise与up ，most与best ， must与have to ，another与other(s) ，marry与 with ，repeat与again (但能够与again and again连用)，return 与 back等等。}
　　37 how is 'the best' personal assistant chosen from a group of so extremely good{无“如此”之意却出现so，另外，含有“极端”意义词语通常不用so修饰．)}
　　38 and very different individuals? The final decision was reached after a
　　39 day-long session of the tests, interviews and exercises. Garrard believes{a day-long session of tests,为期一天考试，惯用短语中出现多出词语}
　　40 the skills she uses in her job helped her how to perform well. For instance, although{对立性词语在句子中同时出现，用了although/though就不能够用but (不过能够用yet)，用了because/since/as就不能够用so。在句子中通常不能够同时出现以下词语： how与well ， only与hardly ，serve与for ，reach与at/in ，rise与up ，most与best ， must与have to ，another与other(s) ，marry与 with ，repeat与again (但能够与again and again连用)，return 与 back等等。}
　　41 most of her work is for her company's Managing Director, she works for six bosses
　　42 in all, so she always tries out to be prepared for anything that might happen.{惯用短语try to do sth中出现多出词语out }
　　43 As for the future, her firm has closed for its summer break now; as soon as
　　44 they will open again, there is a pay rise waiting for her. But Garrard is not{时态不正确;在时间，条件，让步状语从句要用通常现在时来代替通常未来时}
　　45 going to be relax. She says, 'There's always room for personal development. You must keep trying to improve.{词性误用,，relax是动词，be是多出}
(3)人邮第二辑真题TEST 3 READING PART 5
人邮第二辑真题TEST 3 READING PART 5
Meetings That Work
Meeting that work
0 A vital skill for anyone running a business it is the ability to communicate
{造成句式混乱多出词语,it是多出成份}
00 effectively. This is particularly important in a meeting where complex arguments
34 need to be put forward and where it is too vital to get the best out of the situation
{造成句意含糊或相反多出词,too+adj+to do ,与too+adj表示意思恰好相反从全文来看是必定语气，而too……to是否定语气，太……而不能，则应该去掉too}
35 and those present in as little time as possible. Before calling a meeting, ask
36 yourself if you actually need one, since so many are unproductive results and do
37 not really need to take place. Sending an email or by using another means of
{并列两项形式不一样，应去掉BY或者假如把BY放在第一个前也行}
38 communication, such as a simple phone call, might achieve the desired results in
39 half the time. Having established the need _for a meeting, so inform those you
{无“如此”之意却出现so,祈使句，so多出; So 前边应该是个句子}
40 wish to attend and ask people to be punctual. Concerning the key to a good
{造成句式混乱多出词语，concerning在句子中是多出成份}
41 meeting is an agenda, which needs to be sent out in advance and should state the
42 date, time and location. It should also contain the names of those ones who will
{代词重复使用those, ones意义上重复造成多出}
43 be present and set that out(, starting with the most important, )the points for
{惯用短语set out ….the points for dicussing中出现多出词语that}
44 discussion. Ask in advance for suggestions for items to be discussed about but
{Discuss为及物动词，不用about ,discuss后若未接讨论内容则无需加about, respond to 使用方法类似}
45 set a deadline for submissions in order to reduce the amount of time that has to be spent under 'Any Other Business'.
(4)人邮第二辑真题TEST 4 READING PART 5
人邮第二辑真题TEST 4 READING PART 5
0 In a small business, deciding when to take on new staff is a delicate calculation(精密计算). On
00 the one hand, if you are increase your workforce, you might find it difficult to cover
{造成句式混乱多出词语，are是多出成份}
34 for the increased costs straight away. On the other hand, extra staff could
{词性误用，cover是vt}
35 enable you to spend more time on activities such as marketing, which in the
36 end should mean the increased profits. A useful way of deciding when to increase
{将泛指内容特指化}
37 your workforce is to ask yourself if you can make enough of extra sales to meet
{惯用短语中出现多出词语,make +adj(enough)+n}
38 the cost of taking on with an extra employee. But even if you are not able to
{惯用短语中出现多出词语,take on 雇佣}
39 increase your sales immediately, you may still be able to employ someone.
40 In this such case, however, you must keep your business going until you have built
{{惯用短语中出现多出词语，In this case }
41 your sales up to the new level you need. lf in the end you are clever enough to
42 get your timing so right, you will not want to throw away your advantage by
{惯用短语中出现多出词语，get sth right把….做好 }}
43 employing the wrong type person. The whole process of advertising and
{惯用短语中出现多出词语，the wrong person }
44 interviewing can take around many months, so finding（主语） you made a mistake and
{ 惯用短语（句型）中出现多出词语，take+时间，花费多长时间}
45 need to recruit again it can（谓语） have a very serious impact on the future of your business.
{造成句式混乱多出词语}
（5）人邮第三辑真题TEST 1 READING PART 5
Consumer Behaviour
0 The consumer is the focus of all retail business and it is important to appreciate how(cor