高考完型填空(记叙类).doc

完形填空突破(三)
——记叙文
1．记叙型完形填空的特点
(1)在记事记叙文的完形填空中,作者在文章的开头就把事件及其发生的时间、地点交代清楚,然后对这件事情的发生、发展进行陈述,反映出作者的某种思想,最后得出事件结果。
(2)在记人记叙文的完形填空中,作者往往在文章的第一句话就交代出所述人物的姓名、身份、业绩,让读者对他有一个总体的印象。然后,对这个人的成长经历作出详细的介绍,从而让读者对他有更清楚的认识。
(3)记叙文的人称通常有第一人称和第三人称。采用第一人称,便于直抒胸臆,读起来有种亲切感和真实感。采用第三人称,不受时空限制,能从多方面自由叙述。
2．记叙型完形填空的备考策略
(1)重视首句,把握开篇
完形填空一般首句不设空,是完整的一句。细读此句可以判断文章的体裁,预测全文大意和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向,避免误入歧途,对理解全文起重要的作用。
(2)速读全文,掌握大意
速读全文要一气呵成,尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方,仍要快速读下去,不要急于看选项。一遍读不懂可以再迅速读一遍,要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件,即who,when,where,what等。掌握梗概,总体把握文章内容、结构、时态、语态变化、情节的展开、结局的形成,然后答题。
(3)弄清作者对人物和事件的态度
弄清作者对人物和事件的态度也是做好记叙型完形填空的关键。分析近几年高考题,有不少题需要在正确把握反映作者情感和态度的关键词的基础上才能做好。
(4)理顺事件的发生、发展和结局
记叙型完形填空多数是按事件发生的顺序进行叙述,正确把握文章的发展顺序对把握文章的主脉有着重要的意义,因此,在选择答案时可以事先理清人物间的关系及各自所做的事情。
3. 真题放送感知高考
1、【2012四川卷】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。高666考%%资&&&源##网
Lightning flashed through the darkness over Sibson’s bedroom skylight（天窗）.Sibson was shaken by a clap of thunder ____21___ he knew what was happening. The storm had moved directly _____22____ his two-story wooden house. Then he heard the smoke alarm beeping.
Sibson rushed down the stairs barefoot to 23 ; he opened the door to the basement（地下室）, and flames 24 out. Sibson ran back upstairs to call 911 from his bedroom. “I felt 25 because the room had a separate outdoor stairway,” he explains.
But the phone didn’t work, and when he tried to go down the outdoor stairway, he was 26 by a wall of flames. Sibson realized he was trapped（困住）.
Sibson’s house was three kilometers 27 the main road and was so well hidden by trees that he knew calling for help would be 28 .
Up a hill nearby lived Sibson’s neighbor, Huggons. He was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm 29 his ears. He jumped out of bed, took his 30 and flashlight, and headed down the hillside toward the 31 . That was when he saw the rolling heavy smoke.
Huggons dialed 911, and the operator warned him not to 32 the house. But Huggons said, “There is no way I am going to listen to Sibson 33 and die in that fire.”
“Anyone there?” Huggons called out. Then he heard “Help! I’m trapped!” coming from the second floor balcony（阳台）. He entered the house, but soon had to run back to catch his 34 .
After one more 35 inside the house, Huggons gave up and 36 around back.
The wind parted the smoke just 37 for him to catch sight of Sibson. But there was no way to get to him. He 38 the flashlight into the woods and noticed a ladder. He took it over to the balcony and 39 Sibson down just as the second floor of the house fell off.
Sibson is still 40 when he tells the story. “ I was alone that night,” he says. “Then I heard the most beautiful sound in my life. It was Huggons.”
21. A. before B. while C. since D. until
22. A. on B. in C. through D. over
23. A. hide B. wait C. check D. escape
24. A. moved B. gave C. went D. exploded
25. A. safe B. worried C. glad D. tired
26. A. burned B. stopped C. shocked D. covered
27. A. beside B. off C. across D. along
28. A. limited B. false C. fruitless D. regretful
29. A. struck B. missed C. touched D. passed
30. A. coat B. key C. basin D. phone
31. A. noise B. road C. smoke D. danger
32. A. search B. enter C. leave D. damage
33. A. call B. roll C. scream D. sigh
34. A. breath B. attention C. ladder D. flashlight
35. A. stay B. chance C. thought D. attempt
36. A. climbed B. circled C. looked D. jumped
37. A. clear B. open C. enough D. fit
38. A. led B. put C. drove D. shone
39. A. persuaded B. kicked C. pulled D. forced
40. A. nervous B. surprised C. proud D. thankful
【答案与解析】
【本文要点】本文为记叙文，叙述了在一场雷雨引发房屋火灾之后，Sibson如何自救，以及他的邻居Huggons如何帮他脱离险境的惊心动魄的故事。
21. A 此句句意为：在Sibson还不知道发生什么事情的时候，便被一声雷鸣震醒。此处before表示“还来不及…就…”。
22. D “暴风雨直袭他的两层木屋”，暴风雨应该是从房屋上方袭来，故用over。
23. C 根据后文“他打开通向地下室的门”可以判断Sibson冲下楼梯的目的是“查看一下”到底发生了什么事情。
24. D 他打开地下室的门，火焰从里面喷发出来。此处explode out意为break out（突然爆发）。
25. A 根据此句中“因为这个房间有一个通向屋外的独立的楼梯”，因此他当时感觉应该是“安全的”。
26. B 当他正想通过那个楼梯出去的时候，却被一堵火墙给阻拦（stop），故用B。
27. B 根据前面“three kilometres”及后文“so well hidden by trees”可知他的房子应该是离开主干道有3公里。故用介词off。
28. C 由于离开主干道3公里且被树所遮蔽，因此呼救是没有结果的（fruitless），故选C。
29. A 突然他听到了像烟雾警报器之类的声音。strike one’s ears“传进某人的耳朵；突然听到”。
30. D 根据后文Huggons拨打911可知，他是带上了他的电话。故选D。
31. A Huggons应该是朝着他所听到的声音方向而去。故选A。
32. B 警察应该是警告Huggons不要进入Sibson的房子。故选enter。
33. C Huggons说他不能听到Sibson的拼命叫喊。应使用scream。
34. A Huggons进入房子，但由于烟雾很大，他很快不得不跑回来“喘口气此处catch one’s breath意为“喘口气”，故答案选A。
35. D 在又一次打算进入房子的尝试之后，Huggons最后还是放弃了，绕着圈子回来了。此处应使用attempt（尝试）。
36. B 由于烟雾很大，Huggons应该是摸索着绕着从房子里面出来的，故选B。
37. C 当风将烟雾吹得足够的分散，以致他能够看到Sibson。此处part表示将…分开，因此不能用open，因此答案选C。
38. D 他用电筒往丛林中照。此处shine the flashlight为固定说法，意为“用电筒照”。故选D。
39. C Huggons将梯子搭在房子上，将Sibson从二楼拽下来。此时二楼房子就要倒了，为了形容动作之快，故用pull。
40. D 根据后文Sibson自己所说的话“我当天晚上是一个人。然后我听到了我生命中最美丽的声音，是Huggons。”可知，他对Huggons心存感激。故选D。

2、【2012陕西卷】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
One sunny afternoon, a seven-year-old girl went for a walk. She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods __26__ she realized that she was lost.
Sitting on a rock and __27__ what to do, she began crying. After a while. She__28__ to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes. __29__ it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. She opened the door and __30__ stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out the door and back to the __31__. Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a __32__.
The girl’s parents were out and her dog, Laddy, was at home. Laddy __33__ that his mistrees（女主人）was in danger. He jumped __34__ a window, breaking the glass. He looked in the fields. But he couldn’t find his mistress anywhere. However, from the ground came a __35__ scent (气味) as he lowered his head. He __36__ the scent and walked across the grassland. Barking __37__ into the air, the dog __38__ through the woods until he found the __39__ . But the girl was not there, so he headed back to the woods. Much to his __40__ , he saw his mistress’ blue shirt in the distance. He __41__ over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was __42__.
When she opened her eyes and 43 her dog standing beside her, the girl said, “you 44 me, Laddy,” and she kissed him several times. Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of 45 . That night Laddy had a heror’s supper: a huge meal of steak
26. A. before B. since C. while D. as
27. A. wondering B. forgetting C. remembering D. regretting
28. A. preferred B. expected C. failed D. decided
29. A. When B. Until C. If D. Because
30. A. carelessly B. cautiously C. hopelessly D. unwillingly
31. A. trees B. bushes C. woods D. grasses
32. A. stream B. rock C. tree D. house
33. A. found B. sensed C. heard D. smelt
34. A. at B. through C. in D. onto
35. A. terrible B. strange C. pleasant D. familiar
36. A. missed B. discovered C. followed D. ignored
37. A. calmly B. loudly C. merrily D. gently
38. A. searched B. wandered C. looked D. travelled
39. A.window B. girl C. house D. hero
40. A. satisfaction B. disappointment C. embarrassment D. delight
41. A. jumped B. climbed C. walked D. flew
42. A. awake B. abandoned C. available D. asleep
43. A. spotted B. watched C. observed D. saw
44. A. disturbed B. comforted C. rescued D. scared
45. A. pain B. shock C. sorrow D.relief
【要点综述】一个阳关明媚的下午，一位小姑娘来到树林里散步，走着走着她迷路了，途中她到过一个奇怪的小屋，但被所听到的声音吓得跑了出来，她继续向前走，直到最后，小姑娘又冷又饿，卧倒在一条小溪边。这时，小姑娘的家人在到处找她，但他们不知道她的踪迹，这时，他们家的小狗Laddy闻着小姑娘的气味，几经周折，最终找到了她。
1． 【答案与解析】A 考查时间状语从句。句意是：她穿过一大片草地，只是她意识到自己迷路了，即在她意识到自己迷路之前她已经走过了一大片草地。选A。
2． 【答案与解析】A 考查动词。wonder想知道；forget忘记；remember记得；regret遗憾，后悔。根据宾语what to do可以推断出此处选A。
3． 【答案与解析】D 考查动词。prefer更喜欢；expect期待，预料；fail没做到，失败；decide决定。由句意可知此处选D。
4． 【答案与解析】A 考查状语从句。由句意可知所填词引导时间状语从句，引导词意思是：当……的时候，选A。
5． 【答案与解析】B 考查副词。carelessly粗心地；cautiously小心地，谨慎地；hopelessly无望地；unwillingly不愿意地。句意是：她打开门，小心地走了进去。选B。
6． 【答案与解析】C 考查名词。根据前文中woods可知此处选C。
7． 【答案与解析】A 考查名词。根据后文中的the little stream可知此处选A。
8． 【答案与解析】B 考查动词。句意是: Laddy意识到女主人有危险。所填词意思是：意识到，感觉到，选B。
9． 【答案与解析】B 考查介词。根据freaking the window可以推断出所填介词意思是：穿过，选B。
10． 【答案与解析】D 考查形容词。句意是：然而，当它低头闻时，地面上散发出一种熟悉的气味。选D。
11． 【答案与解析】C 考查动词。miss失去；discover发现；follow跟随；ignore忽略。句意是：它跟随这种气味，穿过了草地。选C。
12． 【答案与解析】B 考查副词。calmly平静地；loudly大声地；merrily欢乐地；gently温柔地。句意是：向空中大声的吠叫，……。选B。
13． 【答案与解析】A 考查动词。search寻找；wander徘徊；look看，瞧；travel旅行。由句意可知此处选A。
14． 【答案与解析】C 考查名词。根据前文的提到的名词house可知此处选C。
15． 【答案与解析】D 考查名词。stisfaction 满意，满足；disappointment失望；embarrrasement尴尬；delight愉快，高兴。所填词构成固定短语，根据后文可知其意思是：使他高兴的是，选D。
16． 【答案与解析】A 考查动词。jump跳；climb爬；walk走，步行；fly飞。根据句意选A。
17． 【答案与解析】D 考查形容词。根据第二自然段最后一句中的fall asleep可知此处选D。
18． 【答案与解析】D 考查动词。spot 玷污； 认出，发现；watch观看；observe观察；see看见。由句意可知此处所填词意思是：看见，选D。
19． 【答案与解析】C 考查动词。disturb打扰；comfort使舒适；rescue挽救；scare惊吓。句意是：Laddy，是你救了我。选C。
20． 【答案与解析】D 考查名词。pain 痛；shock震惊；sorrow难过，悲伤；relief解脱。句意是：看到他们的女儿得救另外，父母激动地留下了激动的泪水，他们如释重负了。选D。
3、【2012重庆卷】请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。
I became a gardener when I was twelve. My early__36___of gardening may not have originate from my love for nature. It was to _37__my parents.
At that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. But my mother often looked with __38___at this work of natural art. Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish her,“something else to __39__!”Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.
At that age, I always did something__40___to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they found__41__, I would plant a garden!
I planted some lily（百合花）seeds in the yard. But they failed to _42___.I continued to sunflower seeds and roses, Wild __43__joy,I found the first rose bloom（开花）.One by one, the flowers bloomed their heads off.__44___, I was touched by this land of wonder.
___45__, my parents showed no interest in my garden. My father even__46___at me because found it was __47__to move around my garden to the driveway. To my mother’s __48__,I put her vase my real roses which, in her eyes, were simply weeds__49__flowers.
Regardless of their __50__, I kept on planting my garden and _51__to enjoy the pleasure gardening. Plants make such good companions: they breathe, they bloom, they___52__to care and love.
It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my desire to __53___my parent .Today I become known as Mrs. Greenthumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show which makes my parents feel very__54_.And now I could say it is my affection for___55__they makes me a real gardener.
36. A. memory B. dream C. intention D. design
37. A. please B. change C. help D. annoy
38. A. doubt B. appreciation C. surprise D. excitement
39. A. collect up B. care about C. clean up D. come in
40. A. equal B. similar C. superior D. opposite
41. A. painful B. valuable C. upsetting D. interesting
42. A. come up B. break out C. hold on D. get through
43. A. to B. with C. in D. by
44. A. Luckily B. Cheerfully C. Regularly D. Eventually
45.
A.
Instead
B. However C. Therefore D Besides
46.
A.
shouted
B. laughed C. glanced D. jumped
47.
A.
convenient
B. troublesome C. enjoyable D. dangerous
48.
A.
sadness
B. displeasure C. delight D. relief
49.
A.
other than
B. more than C. rather than D. less than
50.
A.
dislike
B. encouragement C. threat D. suggestion
51.
A.
decided
B. stopped C. continued D. struggled
52.
A.
devote
B. turn C. respond D. lead
53.
A.
defeat
B. satisfy C. respect D. challenge
54.
A.
proud
B. comfortable C. strange D. disappointed
55.
A.
freedom
B. life C. growth D. nature
【考点】记叙文
【文章大意】作者小时候出于反叛心理，在院子里种花，结果最终喜欢了园艺，后来作者在这方面做出了成绩，成为一名真正的园艺师，使当初持反对意见的父母为之倍感自豪。
36.【考点】名词词义辨析
【答案】C
【解析】作者早期从事园艺的意图并非源于对大自然的热爱。C选项为意图、打算之意，符合语境。因此，正确答案为C选项。
【难度】一般
37.【考点】动词词义辨析
【答案】 D
【解析】根据下文可知，作者从事园艺只是给父母添烦恼。D选项是惹恼、使生气、使烦恼之意，符合文意。因此，正确答案为D选项。
【难度】一般
38.【考点】名词词义辨析
【答案】A
【解析】根据下文可知，可知作者的母亲以怀疑地目光看着大自然的杰作。由此可知，A选项符合文意。因此，正确答案为A选项。
【难度】容易
39.【考点】动词短语辨析
【答案】C
【解析】作者的父亲认为清扫院内的树叶是浪费时间，难道没有别的东西需要清扫吗?在四个选项中，C表示“清理，打扫”，符合文意。因此，正确答案为C选项。
【难度】一般
40.【考点】形容词词义辨析
【答案】D
【解析】作者小时候有一种反叛的心理，总是按照父母相反的去做。A表示“相等的，相当的，均等的”；B表示“相似的，类似的”；C表示“较高的，上级的”；D表示“相反的，对立的，对面的”。由此可知，D选项符合文意。因此，正确答案为D选项。
【难度】容易
41.【考点】形容词词义辨析
【答案】C
【解析】由于作者有反叛心理，作者想到如果园艺是父母感到烦恼的事，就种植一个花园。在选项中，C选项表示令人烦恼之意，符合语境。因此，正确答案为C选项。
【难度】容易
42.【考点】动词短语辨析
【答案】A
【解析】作者在院子里种了百合花种子，但是没有发芽。A表示“发芽，走进，上楼”；B表示“爆发，发生”；C表示“不挂断，等—会”；D表示“接通，完成”。因此，正确答案为A选项。
【难度】一般
43.【考点】介词用法
【答案】B
【解析】作者高兴地发现第一束玫瑰花开花了。with joy为常用短语，表示高兴地之意，符合语境。因此，正确答案为B选项。
【难度】一般
44.【考点】副词词义辨析
【答案】D
【解析】朵朵鲜花竞相绽放，最终，作者被眼前的景象所感动。由此可知，D选项符合语境。因此，正确答案为D选项。
【难度】容易
45.【考点】副词用法辨析
【答案】B
【解析】然而，作者的父母对作者的花园不感兴趣。空白处表示的是一种转折的语气，B选项符合语境。因此，正确答案为B选项。
【难度】容易
46.【考点】动词词义辨析
【答案】A
【解析】作者的父亲甚至对作者大声叫嚷。由此可知，A选项符合语境。因此，正确答案为A选项。
【难度】一般
47.【考点】形容词词义辨析
【答案】B
【解析】作者的父亲觉得花挡住了车道，令他烦恼不已。B选项有令人烦恼之意，符合文意。因此，正确答案为B选项。
【难度】一般
48.【考点】名词词义辨析
【答案】B
【解析】作者把自己的真玫瑰花放进母亲的花瓶里，使她感觉不愉快。to one’s displeasure为常用短语，而且意思符合语境。因此，正确答案为B选项。
【难度】一般
49.【考点】短语用法辨析
【答案】C
【解析】在作者母亲的眼里，那些只是杂草而不是鲜花。C选项是而不之意，符合文意。因此，正确答案为C选项。
【难度】一般
50.【考点】名词词义辨析
【答案】A
【解析】尽管作者的父母不喜欢作者的所作所为，但是作者一直坚持自己的做法。由此可知，A选项符合语境。因此，正确答案为A选项。
【难度】容易
51.【考点】动词词义辨析
【答案】C
【解析】作者继续享受园艺的快乐。在四个选项中，C选项是继续之意，符合文意。因此，正确答案为C选项。
【难度】一般
52.【考点】动词词义辨析
【答案】C
【解析】植物成为作者的好伙伴，他们呼吸，他们开花。他们对作者的呵护和爱有回应。respond to为常用短语，是“对……反应， 响应”之意。因此，正确答案为C选项。
【难度】一般
53.【考点】动词词义辨析
【答案】D
【解析】根据上文，由于具有反叛心理，作者种植花园是出于挑战父母。A表示“战胜，击败”；B表示“使满意，使高兴，使满足”；C表示“尊敬，敬重，尊重”；D表示“向……挑战，怀疑反对”。由此可知，D选项与文意相符。因此，正确答案为D选项。
【难度】一般
54.【考点】形容词词义辨析
【答案】A
【解析】现在作者已经成为一名著名的园艺师，使其父母为之自豪。在四个选项中，A选项的词义符合文意。因此，正确答案为A选项。
【难度】
55.【考点】名词词义辨析
【答案】D
【解析】作者认为是自己对大自然的钟爱使自己最终成为一名真正的园艺师。由此可知，D选项符合文意。因此，正确答案为D选项。
【难度】容易

4、【2012辽宁卷】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。