部编本八年级语文上册写作学习仿写.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,写作 学习仿写,R,八年级语文上册,技法点拨,所谓仿写，就是模仿范例作文，是根据一篇文章的立意、选材、结构、语言、表现手法等方面,有目的地进行模仿的一种写作方法。,仿写好像写字临帖一样，就是作文起步阶段的“临帖”。,1.,放低要求，循序渐进,为什么有相当一部分同学一见作文题就咬笔杆、感到无话可写？问题主要出在要求不当上。学习总有一个过程，由易入难，由简入繁。习作亦是如此。学习写作，我们最先应了解“我可以写些什么”，然后是“我可以怎样去写”，而不是“怎样能写出一篇好文章”。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,学习写作，从学习范文开始。,因为范文可以直观地告诉我们如何运用语言文字来反映客观事物，表现内心感受。从中，我们也可以领悟到许多实用的写作方法，丰富自己的语言，为我们今后的构思提供材料，从而打下比较扎实的写作基础。,习作起步阶段应遵循,“循序渐进”,的原则。一开始可以放低些要求，重点放在段落的练习。上手以后，再逐步丰富文章的内容及表达的方法，提高习作水平。,2.,立足模仿，鼓励创新,“模仿是创造的第一步，又是学习的最初形式。”（茅盾语）因此，在习作练习中，以范文引路，与阅读紧密结合，从,仿写,起步学习作文，无疑是提高作文能力的一条捷径，是从阅读到独立写作过程中起桥梁作用的一种有效的训练手段。,（,1,）立足模仿，知道“我可以这样写”。,范文,是仿写的样板，它可以直观地告诉你如何运用语言文字来反映客观事物，表达内心的感受。从中，可以领悟到许多实用的写作方法和技巧，丰富自己的语言，为今后的构思提供材料和模式。借助范文指导仿写，可以提供丰富的写作题材，降低写作难度，从而激发写作的兴趣，提高写作能力。,仿写可以从多角度入手，既可以是对整篇文章的全面仿写，即对范文的立意、情节、结构等方面进行全面模仿，也可以对范文的局部仿写，即对文章的某种写作技巧、表达方式、描写方法等某个方面进行模仿。在习作练习中，可以先学习范文，从,内容、写作方法、立意等方面进行分析，了解范文的写作特点，再根据自己的兴趣、经历、素材的积累情况等有选择的进行模仿。模仿的样板不仅仅是局限于课本提供的范文，也可以是精心寻找的适合自己学习和模仿的文章或段落。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,（,2,）鼓励创新，了解“我也可以那样写”。,很多人会担心仿写会禁锢自己的想象和创新。但只要运用得法，扬其利，避其弊，仿写就不会束缚自己的思维，一些消极作用完全可以避免。仿写从来不是意味着“我只能这样写”，而是“我可以这样写”，当然“我也可以那样写”。仿写只是习作起步阶段的第一个台阶，通过这一级台阶，可以,走向更高更远的目的地。在仿写时所产生的变化，其实就是一种创新。尤其是,不拘于表达形式的创新,更加要鼓励。因为能创新，说明有思想、有能力，只要是正确的价值观，那么“我想怎么样写就可以怎样写”。,3.消除畏难，培养意识,我们都听过家长这类的叮嘱：“开始学写作文了，你可要认真点！”“作文写不好，你的语文成绩永远上不去！”“写作文不是容易的事，一定要下功夫！”家长紧张，自己困惑，作文自然成了一只“虎”。新教材中增加了用学生语言抒写反映自己生活的范文，内容简单，篇幅短小，读了倍感亲切。同时对作文有了感性认识，才知道写作文并不,是难事。从而建立起写作的信心，感受到这样的作文“我也能写”。渐渐地，我们学会了可以用写作的方式去表达自己的思想和情感，当遇到情感的波动时便会产生“我想写下来”的冲动。这便是写作意识。当我们养成了写作的意识，才会经常用写作的方式来表达情感，从而“乐于写作”，并从写作中感受到快乐。仿写是培养写作意识的起点。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,总之，,仿写是写作的起始，是培养写作意识的有效途径。,只要我们学会仿写，迈好写作的第一步，然后由易及难，由浅入深，循序渐进，最终便能水到渠成。仿写起步，试着走上写作的道路，再充分发挥我们的创新精神，就能在一定程度上培养自己良好的写作能力，从而能写作文，想写作文，乐写作文！,后院那株爬山虎,高婷婷,不知为何，对爬山虎总有一种莫名的熟悉与亲近。每每在晨光初照时，望着墙角新长出的淡绿新芽，心中总会美滋滋的。想它一定是我昨夜入梦时，伴着我甜蜜的梦一起生长的，说不定它还是我的梦变成的精灵哩。想着想着，一不留神，老屋后院的那株爬山虎又钻进了我的记忆。,范文示例,开门见山，引出描写对象“爬山虎”。,那株爬山虎的记忆清晰地刻在我的脑海里。记得那时家中还不像现在这样宽裕，从乡下走出来的姥姥总忘不了在后院圈出一块空地，种上一些时令蔬菜。后院成了孩子们的乐园，也成了家人的聚宝盆。,一年四季，满院都是藤蔓的丝瓜、灯笼高挂的海椒，还有一些叫不出名儿的美味野菜。,“乐园”“聚宝盆”，写出了后院在家人心中重要的地位。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,在姥姥的精心培育下，它们在不同时节捧出累累果实，一年又一年。那些红的萝卜、青的白菜、大肚皮的冬瓜在斜风细雨中迎着春来，又送着秋去。,乍暖还寒时的早春，园子外围墙下一棵棵干瘪得貌似枯枝的爬山虎老藤上，悄悄抽出嫩黄的叶片儿，怯生生地横七竖八地斜躺在墙脚，一动也不动。不出几日，深深浅浅的绿意便将破朽的墙面织成一面绿的锦缎。晨光熹微里，疏疏密密的叶片儿向下垂着，一串串，绿莹莹的，引得蜂,“红的、青的、大肚皮的”生动形象的写出了后院蔬菜的颜色和形态。,蝶载歌载舞，也引得孩子们在院子里跳来蹦去，一片欢歌笑语，又化为老人眉角那一抹高扬的微笑。,到了夏季，爬山虎顺着墙角的砖石爬上了后院的红墙顶。院子里、屋顶上，远远望去，满眼都跳跃着亮丽的绿意。黄昏过后，淡淡的夜色笼罩着沉沉的绿荫，我总喜欢赖在姥姥的怀里仰望满天繁星，听她讲牛郎织女、嫦娥奔月的故事。动人的传说常伴着姥姥深深的叹息，迷迷糊糊的梦境里，常听见姥姥在不厌其烦地唠叨着：“做人啊，,描写细致、生动，拟人、比喻等修辞手法运用得当。,还是要脚踏实地好哇,”,墙外，爬山虎正探着几个调皮的小脑袋，好奇地打量着院子里的一景一物。聆听着老人的一声一息，不知不觉中，它又长长了一大截。,冬枯春发。我在爬山虎年复一年的疯狂滋长中，一晃度过了数星星、听童谣的年龄，对于爬山虎是否又落满了后院墙头，是否又顺着墙头向里钻已失去了兴趣。至于后院的瓜果、蔬菜连同姥姥的唠叨倒收下了不少。,由景入情，回忆起和姥姥在后院度过的美好时光。,几年前，一向健壮的姥姥竟没能走过那瑟瑟的冬天。白雪飘零，覆盖了后院的菜园以及枯萎的爬山虎老藤，甚至还压塌了多年失修的院墙，从此，我再也没有品尝到后院的瓜果、蔬菜。没有了姥姥，后院成了一个荒芜的地方，无人在此驻足守候春暖花开、大雁北归。姥姥走了，带走了我对后院所有的回忆，多年来不曾也不敢在回忆中浮现，每每敏感的思维一触及关于后院的情景，心中全是满满的苦涩与悲怆。,姥姥走后，后院也失去了光彩。,就在姥姥走后的第二年，后院墙外的爬山虎仍然在断砖残垣中冒出了新芽，并很快地覆盖了后院，爬上了石桌，继续顺着几根枯枝蔓延到邻家的小院。就在那一年，我们一家人搬出了老屋，后院从此一片空寂。不知那株绿意盎然的爬山虎可否健在？是否又爬满了院角？是否又在满夜星光下，回忆起一位老人所说的话：“做人啊，还是要脚踏实地好哇,”,篇末点题。,名师总评：,1.,作者喜欢爬山虎，是因为爱屋及乌，因为爬山虎是姥姥所种，由对姥姥的爱转化成了对爬山虎的爱。,2.,作者在描写爬山虎的过程中穿插对姥姥的描写，时不时地提到姥姥，体现出了作者对姥姥的依恋。姥姥虽然离作者而去，但这爬山虎变成了作者的寄托，随着这爬山虎的向上生长，对姥姥的记忆也随着时间在作者心里打下深深的烙印。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,中考真题,（黑龙江牡丹江中考）记忆中的一些事，就像颗颗晶莹的珍珠。亲人的呵护是记忆中的珍珠，老师的教诲是记忆中的珍珠，同学的鼓励是记忆中的珍珠,这些珍珠散落在我们过往的生活中，希望你能把那些难忘而珍贵的往事，从记忆中“捡拾”出来。,请以“捡拾记忆中的珍珠”为题目，写一篇文章。,要求：,（,1,）文中不能出现真实的学校、姓名。,（,2,）抒发真情实感，不得套写抄袭。,（,3,）字数在,600,字左右。,（,4,）除诗歌、戏剧外，文体不限。,这道命题作文，题目清新、响亮、韵味深刻。审题时当该注意：第一，“珍珠”是题眼，亦是写作的重点，在此喻指学习、生活过程中打动人心、令人难忘的事、物、景等；第二，生活中并非缺少“珍珠”，只是缺少“捡拾”（发现）“珍珠”的眼睛。因而细致观察是基础，用心体味是保障，过滤筛选是关键；第三，“记忆中的珍珠”林林总总，,【真题解说】,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,重在发现与捡拾。“捡拾”是个比喻，就像我们在海滩寻找美丽的贝壳一样。如果不用心去细心辨认，就得不到心爱的宝贝。那么，捡拾的哪些对象才属于“珍珠”级别的范畴呢？这就需要明确作文材料中的“珍珠”元素：亲人的呵护、老师的教诲、同学的鼓励,