Unit-6单元话题阅读理解练习(外研版2019).docx

Unit 6单元话题阅读理解练习
（2023秋·广东汕头·高一汕头市潮阳实验学校校考期末）Four Environmentalists You Should Know
George Washington Carver
George Washington Carver is one of the most famous scientists of the 20th century, not to mention a famous painter. He was an educator at the Tuskegee Institute and an inventor known for making plastics, fuel, and more out of peanut. He created a list of 300 uses for peanuts, and many more for soybeans and sweet potatoes, in an effort to increase financial gains for Southern farmers.
Julia Hill
After a serious auto accident in 1996, Julia Hill devoted her life to environmental causes. For two years, Hill lived in the branches of an ancient redwood tree which she named Luna in northern California to save it from being cut down. She eventually vacated (搬离) the 200-foot-tall tree after striking a deal with the Pacific Lumber Company. The tree was saved finally. Her tree-sit became an international cause.
Theodore Roosevelt
Though he was a known big-game hunter, Theodore Roosevelt was one of the most active champions of wilderness preservation in history. As governor of New York, he outlawed the use of feathers as clothing decorations in order to prevent the killing of some birds. While he was president (1901-1909), he set aside hundreds of millions of wilderness acres, which actively protected soil and water.
Chico Mendes
Chico Mendes is best known for his efforts to save the rainforests of his home Brazil from being cut down. Mendes came from a family of rubber harvesters who supplemented (补贴) their income by sustainably gathering nuts and other rainforest products. Alarmed at the damage of the Amazon, he helped to encourage international support for its protection. His activism drew the anger of powerful ranching (牧业) and timber interests, and he was murdered by cattle ranchers at age 44.
1．Who made a great contribution to agriculture?
A．George Washington Carver. B．Julia Hill.
C．Theodore Roosevelt. D．Chico Mendes.
2．Which achievement belongs to Julia Hill?
A．Protecting wilderness.
B．Saving a 200-foot-tall tree.
C．Creating many uses for peanuts.
D．Saving the rainforests of Brazil.
3．What do the four people have in common?
A．They saved some trees from being cut down.
B．They prevented the killing of some birds actively.
C．They played a positive role in protecting the environment.
D．They made great contributions to their people and their country .

（2023春·河南平顶山·高一校联考开学考试）Lagos, a big city in Nigeria, has a population of 20 million, and they can produce between 13, 000 and 15, 000 tonnes of waste every day including 2, 250 tonnes of plastic.
Despite a lot of cleaning, Lagos has no proper system to dispose of rubbish, and not having public awareness of pollution brings a huge environmental challenge. Litter gets washed away by the rains and waterways and ends up in mountains of rubbish on the beaches. Light- house Beach is one of the beaches. It stretches for about 100 kilometers along the Atlantic, all the way to neighboring Benin. Lined with palm trees, the beach could be beautiful if it weren’t for all the pollution.
“It is time that we should raise awareness of keeping the environment clean and clean up all the plastic,” says Chioma Chukwura, who helped pick up rubbish on Lighthouse Beach. At the end of a tiring day, 230 large bin bags were put together on the hot sand, filled with dirty plastic.
“Although the job is challenging,a company will come and pick them up tomorrow. All the plastic here will get reused. Sold for $500 a tonne, the plastic could bring $250 million to Lagos each year, and a cleaner environment could promote the development of the city,” says Owoade Yussuf, organiser of the cleanup.
As the volunteers leave at the end of the day,always just 100 meters is clean. “There is still a lot to do. Maybe we need two months, continuously, to get this cleaned up,” says another volunteer. “We have to find a way to prevent the plastic from coming back. After we’ve finished, I’m sure we may still see litter here when we come back.”
On Lighthouse Beach, the problem isn’t just plastic. Destroyed ships also pollute the beach. With that kind of pollution, even an army of volunteers may struggle. However, with more help, they can still make a difference.
4．How does the author show the severity of rubbish in Lagos in paragraph l?
A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples.
C．By asking questions. D．By making comparisons.
5．What does the underlined phrase “dispose of” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Pick out. B．Deal with. C．Bring about. D．Adapt to,
6．Which of the following is the common idea of the three volunteers?
A．There is no need to recycle the beach litter.
B．It is tough to clean all the plastic on the beach.
C．It is nccessary to sell the beach litter for money.
D．There is no fund to remove all the beach plastic.
7．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Destroyed Lighthouse Beach in Lagos
B．Plastic Pollution is a Worldwide Problem
C．Lagos Faces Many Environmental Challenges
D．Cleanup Efforts on Lagos’Lighthouse Beach

（2022秋·江西上饶·高一统考期末）More than 500 of the world's smallest penguins have mysteriously washed up dead on beaches across New Zealand over the past couple of months. Experts aren't exactly sure what has been killing off such a large number of the cute seabirds, but they suspect that climate change may have played a role.
It was not immediately clear what killed the penguins, but experts have noted that most of the dead seabirds were significantly underweight. Little penguins should weigh between 1.8 and 2.2 pounds, but some of the bodies weighed less than half that much.
“There was just no body fat on them; there was hardly any muscle to show,” Graeme Taylor, a seabird scientist, told The Guardian. “When they get to that stage of emaciation (消瘦), they can’t dive, which eventually causes them to starve or die of hypothermia (体温过低) because they lack a protective layer of blubber (鲸脂).” he added.
The malnourishment of the dead penguins shows that they have not been eating enough fish, their favorite food, which could be a sign of overfishing by humans. But Taylor suspects that rising ocean surface temperatures caused by global warming have forced the fish into deeper and cooler waters, where the birds can no longer reach them. "These little penguins can dive down to 20 or 30 meters, but they are not good at diving a lot deeper than that.” Taylor said.
This idea could explain why little penguins from New Zealand's South Island haven't been affected, because the waters there have remained much cooler near the surface than waters farther north.
“This is not the first time little penguins have died in large numbers in New Zealand. Die-offs of hundreds of little penguins have occurred about once every decade. However, this is the third time that a die-off has happened in the past 10 years, which is not a good sign.” Taylor said. “As you start seeing it happen regularly like this, then there's really not much chance for the birds to recover between the events and rebuild the numbers again.” Taylor added.
8．What do most dead little penguins on New Zealand's beaches have in common?
A．They are great divers B．They are large in size.
C．They are light in weight. D．They are from the same species.
9．What does Taylor think is the possible reason for the mass death of little penguins?
A．The death of lots of fish. B．The overfishing by humans.
C．The inability to access enough fish. D．The low temperature of the sea surface.
10．What's Graeme Taylor's attitude towards New Zealand's little penguins' future?
A．Curious. B．Uncertain. C．Optimistic. D．Concerned.
11．What can be the best title for the text?
A．How global warming affects animals? B．What killed New Zealand's little penguins?
C．How to save penguins living in New Zealand? D．What are the consequences of little penguins' death?

（2021春·广东江门·高一台山市第一中学校考期中）A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below16℃. Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate. Without the forest cover, these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere, warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns, potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world.
In the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources: land for crops, wood for paper and other products, land for raising farm animals. This action affects the environment as a whole. For example, a lot of carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）in the air comes from burning the rainforests. People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.
There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, when people cut down trees generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly, cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now, but in the long run it actually reduces the world’s wood supply.
Rainforests are often called the world’s drug store. More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However, fewer than 1% of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world’s shrinking rainforests.
12．Why can rainforests help to adjust the climate?
A．They reflect more heat into the atmosphere.
B．They bring about high rainfall throughout the world.
C．They rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than 16℃.
D．They reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth.
13．What does the word “this” underlined in the third paragraph refer to?
A．We will lose much more than we can gain.
B．Humans have begun destroying rainforests.
C．People have a strong desire for resources.
D．Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests.
14．What can be inferred from the text?
A．We can get enough resources without rainforests.
B．There is great medicine potential in rainforests.
C．We will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land.
D．The level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns.
15．What is the main idea of the text?
A．How can we save rainforests. B．How can we protect Nature.
C．It is about rainforests and the environment. D．It is about rainforests and medical development.

（2023秋·广东深圳·高一校考期末）Wild animals seem to have escaped the Indian Ocean tsunami, adding weight to the idea that they have a “sixth sense” for disasters, experts said on Thursday.
Sri Lanka wildlife officials have said the waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean island’s coast seemingly missed wild beasts, with no dead animals found.
“No elephants are dead, not even a dead hare or rabbit. I think animals can sense disaster. They have a ‘sixth sense’. They know when things are happening,” H.D．Ratnayake, director of Sri Lanka’s Wildlife Department, said on Wednesday.
The waves washed floodwaters up to 3 km(2 miles) inland at Yala National Park in the southeast, Sri Lanka’s biggest wildlife reserve and home to hundreds of wild elephants. “There has been a lot of evidence (证据)about dogs barking or birds migrating (迁徙)before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proved.” said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behaviour specialist at Johannesburg Zoo. “There have been no specific studies because you can’t really test it in a lab or field setting,” he said. Other authorities agreed with this conclusion.
“Wildlife seems to be able to pick up certain signs, especially birds. There are many reports of birds detecting coming disasters,” said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife.
Animals certainly rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators (掠食动物),The idea of an animal “sixth sense” is a lasting one that the evidence on Sri Lanka’s damaged coast is likely to add to.
16．What happened after the Indian Ocean tsunami?
A．Many people died but wild animals survived.
B．The ”six sense“ of wild animals developed
C．Wild beasts were killed or went missing
D．The coast was found in good condition.
17．What does H.D．Ratnayake do?
A．He is a zoo keeper.
B．He is a wildlife official.
C．He is a movie director.
D．He is an animal behaviour expert.
18．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “detecting” in paragraph 5?
A．Taking up. B．Putting up. C．Picking up. D．Bringing up.
19．What is the text mainly about?
A．Why animals can save themselves from natural disasters.
B．The different opinions about animals’ natural power.
C．How to protect wildlife when disasters happen.
D．The serious damage of the Indian Ocean tsunami.

（2022秋·江苏南通·高一校联考阶段练习）Iceland on Sunday honors the passing of Okjokull, as scientists warn that some 400 others on the subarctic island risk the same fate.
With a theme of fighting climate change, about 100 Icelanders have said farewell to what once was a glacier (冰川). Scientists said it was the first of Iceland’s glaciers to disappear because of climate change.
About 100 years ago, the glacier covered almost 6 square miles of a mountainside in western Iceland and measured more than 160 feet thick.
A plaque (匾) has been installed at the site of the former glacier, which reads “In the next 200 years, all our glaciers are expected to follow the same path. This monument is to acknowledge that we know what is happening and what needs to be done. Only you know if we did it .”
The plaque bears the words “A letter to the future,” and is intended to raise awareness about the decline of glaciers and the effects of climate change.
In 1890, the glacier ice covered 16 square kilometres but by 2012, it measured just 0.7 square kilometers, according to a report from the University of Iceland in 2017.
“We made the decision that this was no longer a living glacier, it was only dead ice, it was not moving.” Oddur Sigurdsson, a glaciologist with the Icelandic Meteorological Office, told AFP.
According to a study published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in April, nearly half of the world’s heritage sites could lose their glaciers by 2100 if greenhouse gas emissions continue at the current rate. Sigurdsson said he feared “that nothing can be dome to stop it”. “The symbolic death of a glacier is a warning to us, and we need action,” former Irish president Mary Robinson said.
“We see the consequences (后果) of the climate crisis” Icelandic Prime Minister Katrin Jakobsdottir said. “We have no time to lose.”
20．Why did the Icelanders say farewell to Okjokull?
A．They felt sorry for its disappearance.
B．They wanted to fight climate change.
C．It was the first Iceland’s glacier to disappear.
D．It was the most important glacier of Iceland.
21．What’s the purpose