考点10-将来时态和语态(核心考点精讲精练)-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习(新高考专用)(学生版).docx

考点10 将来时态和语态（核心考点精讲精练）

1. 命题规律及备考策略（高考语法填空命题：先选好主题语篇，然后再定语法考点，所以2023年新高考I卷，没有考查动词时态和从句，因为语篇不具备考查素材，所以语法复习要全面。）
【命题规律】新高考卷对于将来时态和语态主要考查：
1．一般将来时的意义和构成；
2．将来进行时的意义和构成；
3. 将来完成时的意义和构成；
4. 在具体语境中正确判断和使用将来时态；
【备考策略】熟记将来时态的意义和构成，正确判断和使用将来时态和语态。
【命题预测】
2024年语法填空有可能考查将来时态，主要集中考查一般将来时的语态和时态的判断及运用，同时兼顾其他将来时态。
（给你最全面、实用的考点总结）
考点1．一般将来时
必备基础知识：将来时的构成为“will/shall/be going to＋动词原形”表示一个将要发生的动作或状态。
重难点知识：
1.表示一种倾向或习惯性动作
3．will，shall表示将来，有时含偶然性、临时性决定的意思。
4．be to do和“be going to＋动词原形”表示计划、打算要做某事，此外，be going to还可表示根据现在的迹象对未来进行推断。
4. “祈使句＋and/or＋句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。
5. 某些动词的一般现在时可以表示计划安排将要做的事情，此种用法常常用于火车时刻、飞机时刻、电影开演、作息安排等时刻表上。
6. “be doing”表示近期的出行安排或事情即将发生，此结构中的动词一般为位置移动动词。

1. [2023·安徽省皖江名校联盟高三第一次联考[To see exactly how puberty (青春期)_______(change) a dog’s behavior, Asher and her team monitored 70 dogs of different kinds being raised at the present time as potential guide dogs
2. [2021·浙江1月卷]If there are three lines in the store, delays ______（happen）randomly at different registers.

1.（2023·江苏省高邮市第一中学月考）“His death is a great loss to China and the world, and he ________(remember) by people” , Zhao said.
2．(2023·陕西省安康市高三二模)I was born in England, but I spent most of my childhood in India and I ________ (leave) for China.

考点2．将来进行时
必备基础知识：将来进行时的构成为“will＋be＋doing”。表示将来某一时刻或阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。

I feel so excited！At this time tomorrow morning I ________（fly）to Shanghai.

The places of interest in Xi'an attract my family all the time，and I hope we ________（enjoyourselves this time next year.
考点3．将来完成时
必备基础知识：将来完成时的构成为“will＋have＋done”。主要表示某一动作到将来某个时间为止已完成，上下文情景中常含有by短语，如by six o'clock，by the weekend，by the end of next month等。

By the time Mr Smith arrives at the supermarket，we ________（stay）there for one hour.
【关键能力】
动词时态与语法填空：在语法填空中，动词的时态是必考内容。
[应对策略]
1．句中若缺少谓语，注意要考虑所给动词的时态和语态。判断时态首先要确定时间，然后根据动作发生的状态来判断应该运用哪种时态。有时也可以根据空格后和该句中已经存在的谓语动词的并列关系来确定时态。
2．句中缺少谓语，且与主语存在被动关系，考虑根据时间和动作存在的方式，确定相应时态的被动语态。注意只有及物动词才有被动语态。
3．在确定谓语动词的时态和语态时，我们可从四个方面来进行判断：
(1)看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。
(2)看上下文的谓语动词的形式。
(3)看是否是特殊的句型。如：
①was/were about to do...when...did...
②It is/has been＋时间段＋since从句(一般过去时)
③It/This/That is the first time that...have/has done...或It/This/That was the first time that...had done...
④It's (high time) that...did/should do...
⑤Hardly had＋主语＋done...when...did...或No sooner had＋主语＋done...than...did...
这样的句型还有很多，平时要注意积累。
(4)看与主语存在主动关系还是被动关系。若是被动，还需看所给词是否为及物动词，是否考查主动表被动等。
(5)注意主谓是否一致。

（2019浙江卷）When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ______ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚).

基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1．(2023·江西省高三摸底测试)It has been completely closed off to the public since Gainsbourg's death in 1991, but next spring it ____ (open) as a museum.
2.（2023·福建省宁德市部分达标中学联考）Before each meeting, prepare some questions on a topic of your choice. That ________ (give) you the chance to look up related words as well as think about your own answers.
3. （2023·江苏省徐州市统考）Participation in sports throughout the region has improved dramatically over the past decade, with more than 997, 000people regularly taking part in physical exercise. “We expect that the outdoor sports industry _______ (become) a pillar industry in the region eventually and contribute to the economy, ” Wang added.
4.（2022·江苏省南京市南京一中高三下学期高考适应性考试）If you don’t do it fast, the ground could freeze. And ineffective tilling means some seeds won’t take and yield (产量) _60_ (drop).
5.（2022·江苏省高邮市临泽中学高三下学期5月阶段性考试）A card with a personalized QR code ____38____ (show) before residents enter a facility and staff from the facility should scan the code with an application.
6.（2022·江苏省徐州市第七中学考前模拟二）The healing effect of the art _____45_____(realize) when the arranger comes to terms with what they truly want.
7．（2022·江苏·南京市第一中学模拟预测）They read this letter to him on the air: “Hello, my name is Brenda Schmitz, when you receive this letter, I ________ (lose) my battle to cancer.”.
8．I say to him with a cheerful smile，“Go to exercise and you ________ (feel) better.”
9．The night________ (be) very dark. Some neighbours will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.
10．Oh, it looks like Professor Brown is here. I ________ (talk) to you some more after class.
11．While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television ________（replace）the newspaper completely.
12．According to the letter, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative ________ (help) to promote “equality for all children in the next generation”.
13．If you ask many different questions, you ____ (acquire) all the information you need to know.
14．Only after one has become a parent________he realize how great his parents are.
15．The conference will ________ (able) the citizens to enjoy more fitness facilities.

能力提升
【2023·江苏省徐州市统考】阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
词数：199话题：西藏自治区的体育
The Tibet autonomous region has achieved all-around progress in the sports sector, ____1____ (pour) nearly 5. 23 billion yuan into sports projects, officials said at a news conference in Lhasa this Monday.
As part of this historic breakthrough, the region has been making efforts to enhance the protection and inheritance of ethnic sports and the ____2____ (develop) of outdoor sports. Up to now, over 20 ethnic sports, including Lhasa kite-flying, ____3____(put) on the national cultural heritage lists, and activities such as Tibetan wrestling have been included as events at national ethnic sports meets. Stone-lifting and Tibetan chess are now among activities ____4____have been included in regional ethnic sports meets.
____5____(enrich) with natural resources such as snow-capped mountains, rivers, lakes, grasslands and forests, Tibet is an ideal place for outdoor sports, such as running, trekking, cycling and ski mountaineering, Wang Dejun, spokesman for the regional sports bureau, told ____6____ news conference on Monday.
Participation ____7____sports throughout the region has improved ____8____ (dramatic) over the past decade, ____9____more than 997, 000people regularly taking part in physical exercise. “We expect that the outdoor sports industry ____10____ (become) a pillar industry in the region eventually and contribute to the economy, ” Wang added.
真题感知
1. [2018·全国卷Ⅰ] This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C.Your guide 　　　　　　　(provide) a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. 
2. [2018·全国卷Ⅱ] If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas 　　　　　　　　(prevent) them turning brown. 
3. [2016·北京卷] The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts 　　　　　　　　　　(reward) with success in the end. 
4. [2018·江苏卷] Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we 　　　　　　　　　　(develop) more convenient electronic communication tools by then. 
5NASA says the findings 6．( help) the agency during its future missions to the moon and Mars.
6．—Tommy is planning to buy a car. —I know. By next month, he ________(save) enough for a used one.
7．Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we _______(develop) more convenient electronic communication tools by then.
8．By the time this letter reaches you, I __________(leave)the country.
9．When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ________ (have) to worry about fashion.
10．But I've come to think that whether you buy something new or used ________ (matter) less if you commit to keeping clothes in use for decades.