专题01-高二期末磨尖卷-2022-2023学年下学期(新高考专用)原卷版.docx

专题01 高二期末磨尖卷
本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Which part of the house has been repaired?
A．The roof. B．The walls. C．The doors.
2．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．Their favorite music. B．A country singer. C．A pop concert.
3．When will the speakers get to Grace’s house?
A．At 7:00. B．At 6:50. C．At 6:30.
4．How will the woman probably solve Bill’s problem?
A．By helping him with the dishes.
B．By reducing his family responsibilities.
C．By changing what he has to do each day.
5．Can Peter go out tonight?
A．No, not at all.
B．Yes, with his mother.
C．Yes, if he goes home first.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6、7两个小题。
6．A．In the library. B．In Room 341. C．In the reception room.
7．A．Her passport. B．Her photograph. C．Her application form.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8．What did the girl do today?
A．She wrote a story.
B．She played a game.
C．She attended a wedding.
9．What does the man think of Sam?
A．He’s funny. B．He’s foolish. C．He’s strict.
10．What can be known from the conversation?
A．The girl had an English lesson.
B．The history teacher never laughs.
C．The girl’s group won the prize.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11．Who is the man?
A．The woman’s teacher. B．The woman’s classmate. C．The woman’s assistant.
12．Why do female mosquitoes bite?
A．To spread diseases. B．To get nutrition. C．To send out a chemical.
13．What does the man mean in the end?
A．Mosquitoes are dirty.
B．Science is a beautiful thing.
C．Science can sometimes be unpleasant.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17三个小题。
14．Who might the woman be?
A．A staff member of a college. B．A reporter. C．A doctor.
15．What happened to the man four years ago?
A．He was a student at Sinai Medical College.
B．He became the director at Columbia University.
C．He showed interest in working at Sinai Medical College.
16．Where will the man give a speech?
A．In a hospital. B．In a lecture hall. C．In a television studio.
17．What topic will the man’s speech be about?
A．Cancer research.
B．Medical careers.
C．Eastern and Western medicine.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。
18．What is the problem with the woman’s watch?
A．It needs a new battery. B．It is ruined by water. C．It needs cleaning.
19．What does the store offer if one changes a battery there?
A．An extra battery. B．A one-year guarantee. C．Free cleaning service.
20．Why can’t the woman get her watch back right away?
A．The store will close soon.
B．She hasn’t got enough money.
C．The man is very busy now.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A national park is an area of scenic beauty, historical importance, etc. owned and maintained by a national government. Here are some with the most breathtaking scenery and delicate ecosystems.
Acadia National Park
America has the largest system of national parks in the world—58 national parks are scattered all over the vast land with varied landscape. Almost completely surrounded by the sea, Acadia National Park is characterized by numerous valleys, lakes and peaks, and a wave-eroded coastline. A variety of land and sea life, both plants and animals are well protected in Acadia.
Etosha National Park
One of the top 10 African national parks is Etosha National Park in northwestern Namibia. The park is home to hundreds of species of mammals, birds and reptiles. including several threatened and endangered species such as the black rhinoceros. The Etosha Ecological Institute is responsible for research in the park. Classification of vegetation and ecological studies on wildebeest, elephants and lions were among the first ajor topics to be investigated.
Ort-Cros National Park
Ort-Cros National Park is a national park established on the Mediterranean island of Ort-Cros. It also administers natural areas in some surrounding locales. Established in 1963, Ort-Cros National Park is the first national park in Europe that unites land and marine protection zones. The protected area is about 1,700 hectares of land and 2,900 hectares of sea.
Shen Nongjia National Park
Shen Nongiia National Park is situated in the northwest of Hubei province. It is most famous for the subtropical rainforest ecosystem. The sphagnum (泥炭藓) wetland, known as “the earth’s kidney”, has a rich collection of orictocoenosis (生物化石) and serves as a shelter of a great variety of rare species, which is named “a green wonder at 31 degrees north latitude”.
21．Which national park will interest an African wildlife fan?
A．Acadia National Park. B．Etosha National Park.
C．Ort-Cros National Park. D．Shen Nongjia National Park.
22．What do Acadia National Park and Ort-Cros National Park have in common?
A．There is an ecological institute for research.
B．They feature a subtropical rainforest ecosystem.
C．Sea life, as well as land life, are protected there.
D．They are the largest national parks in the country.
23．Where is the passage most probably from?
A．A biology textbook. B．A geography magazine.
C．A research paper. D．A travel brochure.
B
In a post shared on Twitter last Monday, the woman, Amy Clukey, explained that her dad, a beekeeper, died of lung cancer about nine years ago. But, before passing away, he wrote a note that he hoped one of his children would later find, and finally after so long, her little brother, who is now 16 years old, found it in his father’s beekeeping clothes.
The note said, “I hope one of my children is curious about beekeeping. Beekeeping is actually pretty easy and you can learn everything online. So don’t be afraid, have courage. Good luck. Love Dad.”
Amy explained that her father bought a farm when he was in his 40s, and it was then that he took up beekeeping and other hobbies like raising cattle and horses. She added, “When he was diagnosed(诊断) with stage 4 lung cancer, the doctors told him that he had 18 months to live. He was a fighter. He lived 5 years and a week after his diagnosis.”
The post has received over 42, 800 likes 2,333 comments, and 749,000 re-shares in less than 24 hours, and in the comments, the woman added that while she doesn’t do beekeeping herself, two of her brothers are interested in it.
One user commented, “I lost my dad in 2018. This post makes me cry.” And another user said, “My dad is in the last few weeks of his life battling cancer. I’ll come back to the post in a couple of months when I need it again.” And one also shared the story of her personal loss, writing, “I lost my husband half a year ago. He used to leave little notes all over the house. I can’t bring myself to move anything.
24．Which of the following is the wish of Amy’s father?
A．One of his children could raise cattle and horses.
B．His children could make big money.
C．One of his children could be interested in keeping bees.
D．His children could make great contributions to honey production.
25．What kind of person was Amy’s father?
A．Generous and wise. B．Wealthy and healthy.
C．Hard-working and brave. D．Easy-going and intelligent.
26．What does the author want to show in the last paragraph?
A．The users were moved by the note.
B．The users intended to win people’s sympathy.
C．The users also lost their family members.
D．The users were interested in the beekeeper’s death.
27．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．A father’s death touched people’s hearts.
B．People made comments on a father’s death.
C．Beekeeping is important for many families.
D．A father’s note posted online attracted attention.
C
Coral creates reefs, structures in the ocean that support entire ecosystems. However, climate change is threatening the existence of such reefs. The Great Barrier Reef has suffered four bleaching events in the last seven years.
Coral bleaching happens when extreme temperatures and sunlight force corals to release algae living in their tissue. This causes them to lose their color and turn white. The experience greatly weakens the coral and can kill them.
Scientists working on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef have successfully tested a new method for freezing and storing coral larvae — the very young form of the small ocean animal.
The science project in Australia involves freezing and storing coral larvae to use later for rewilding. A new material called “cryomesh” is helping the scientists in the effort. Coral is frozen using a special method called cryogenics. This permits the young animals to be stored until they can be unfrozen and placed in the wild. The process currently requires high-tech equipment including lasers and is costly. But, the team in Australia says cryomesh can do a better job of saving the coral and for much less money. The mesh technology helps to store coral larvae at-196 degrees Celsius.
The scientists used the cryomesh to freeze Great Barrier Reef coral larvae at the Australian Institute of Marine Sciences, or AIMS. Workers collected the coral during the animal’s brief yearly reproductive period.
Mary Hagedorn, Senior Research Scientist at Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute explained, “If we can secure the biodiversity of coral...then we’ll have tools for the future to really help restore the reefs.” She added, “...this technology for coral reefs in the future is a real game-changer.”
The cryomesh had been tested earlier on smaller and larger kinds of Hawaian corals. A test on the larger failed. Tests are continuing with larger-size Great Barrier Reef coral. The tests involve scientists from four organizations. Together they are part of the Reef Restoration and Adaptation Program.
28．What’s the passage mainly about?
A．A comparison of two experiments. B．A new method for restoring coral reefs.
C．The Great Barrier Reef under great threat. D．Scientists’ joint efforts to support the ecosystem.
29．What’s the advantage of cyomesh over cryogenics?
A．It is easier to store. B．It is less expensive.
C．It freezes larvae faster. D．It is environmentally friendly.
30．What’s Mary Hagedorn’s point in paragraph 6?
A．People can do more about the biodiversity of corals.
B．The scientists barely have tools to help the reefs restore.
C．The cryomesh technology has changed the corals’ situation.
D．The mesh technology will play a vital role in restoring the reefs.
31．What can we infer about the cryomesh technology?
A．Tests on larger corals are more important.
B．It is going to be applied widely to more corals.
C．Only scientists of AIMS are involved in the tests.
D．More experiments are needed to prove its efficiency.
D
OpenAI has announced a major upgrade to the technology that reinforces ChatGPT. If you think of ChatGPT as a car, the new language model known as GPT-4 adds a more powerful engine. It opens up a new era of super-efficiency, where professionals will have to work smarter and faster – or be knocked out.
There is no better example of this than Morgan Stanley, which has been using GPT-4 since last year. The bank trained GPT-4 on thousands of papers published by its analysts to create a chatbot for its own wealth advisers. About 200 staff at the bank have been using it daily. One analytics chief said the effort would also further enrich the relationship between Morgan Stanley advisors and their clients by enabling them to assist more people more quickly. How much more quickly? What used to be done in half an hour can now be done in seconds.
Powerful AI systems like GPT-4 aren’t going to replace large numbers of professional workers. But they will put them under greater pressure to be more productive and faster at what they do. That is what partly happened to professional translators and interpreters. As artificial intelligence tools like Google Translate and DeepL grew in popularity among business customers, many translators feared they would be replaced. Instead, they were expected to increase their output.
AI will also raise the bar on the human’s performance. With the extra help, people have no excuses to leave anything out. Much of this is typical of the march of technology. Smart phones allowed us to be connected to work at all times. Slack allowed us to communicate with more people inside a company. But such tools also kept us further chained to work, squeezing (压榨) out minutes in the day that workers might have used in the past for deep-thinking or just taking a breather.
GPT-4 clearly has the potential to squeeze more value out of human workers, but it may well come at the cost of our mental energy. However brilliant these models become, watch out for how they might take you a tiny step closer to burnout.
32．What do the underlined words “a major upgrade” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．ChatGPT. B．GPT-4. C．A new engine. D．OpenAI.
33．What is a consequence of GPT-4’s introduction in Morgan Stanley?
A．More staff have been laid off.
B．Advisers can have more free time.
C．The staff are pushed to work harder.
D．More papers will be published by analysts.
34．Why does the author mention smart phones and Slack in paragraph 4?
A．To stress the rapid development of technology.
B．To explain why AI is universally used.
C．To promote several online working platforms.
D．To show side effects of technological advances.
35．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．ChatGPT has a bright future in various fields.
B．Powerful AI systems are going to replace workers.
C．A new technology has been launched to improve productivity.
D．GPT-4 could turn the workplace into a productive but crazy place.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every company faces the same challenge: How can they show their uniqueness so that buyers will only purchase from them? Every employee faces a challenge as well: How can they make themselves special and secure their positions? ____36____ Here are four of them to help you become both unique and irreplaceable.
Communicate clearly. Every job requires clear communication. ____37____ A owner of the business needs to set targets and expectations so that team members know exactly what they have to do and customers know exactly what they’re getting.
____38____ When we take a first job or open a first business, we learn as quickly as we can, because we can see how much there is to know. The hardest employees to replace are those who never stop trying to improve, and the companies that stand out are the ones that are never left behind.
Develop creativity. ____39____ It’s d