专题07-优秀品行-2024年高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过.docx

话题七 优秀品行
第一部分 话题词汇积累
单词&短语
1.____________v.欣赏，感激 2.____________妥协；放弃(原则，理想)
3.____________v.合作；配合；协力 4.____________v.祝贺；恭喜；庆贺
5.____________v.原谅；免除(债务) 6.____________v.分享；共用；分配
7.____________n.和睦，和谐；融洽；调和 8.____________adj.体贴的；体谅的；考虑周到的
9.____________adj.感激的；令人愉快的 10._______adj.和谐的；和睦的；协调的；悦耳的
11.____________adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的 12.____________adj.可信赖的；可靠的
13.____________adj.恭敬的，有礼貌的 14.concept n.____________
15.concrete n.adj.____________ 16.condemn v.____________
17.conduct v.____________ 18.confidential adj.____________
19.confirm v.____________ 20.conflict n.____________
21.confusion n.____________ 22.conquer v.____________
23.conscience n.____________ 24.conscious adj.____________
25.conservative adj.____________ 26.considerable adj.____________
27.consistent adj.____________ 28.constantly adv.____________
29.consultant n.____________ 30.consume v.____________
31.contemporary adj.____________ 32.contract n.____________
33.contradictory adj.____________ 34.controversial adj.____________
35.conventional adj.____________ 36.convinced adj.____________
37.cooperation n.____________
38.n.舒适；安慰v.安慰；使(痛苦等)缓和
39.____________n.命令；指挥；掌握
40.____________n.交流；沟通；表达；交际；传递；通信
41.____________n.同伴；伴侣；朋友；指南，手册
42.____________n.比赛；竞赛；竞争
43.____________n.抱怨；投诉；诉苦；疾病；委屈
44.____________v.组成，构成；创作
45.____________prep.关于；就……而言
46.____________n.信心；信任；信赖；自信心；把握
47.____________n.祝贺贺词；祝贺词
48.____________n.结果，后果
49.____________adj.体贴的；考虑周到的
50.____________v.请教，查阅；商量；向……请教；商议
51.____________adj.方便的，省力的
52.____________v.运送，运输；表达，传递
53.就……而言________________________
54.in conclusion________________________
55.在建设中________________________
56.be content with________________
57.正相反________________________
58.为……做贡献________________________
59.at your earliest convenience________________________
60.为……向某人祝贺________________________
词汇拓展
1.confirm v.(尤指提供证据来)证实，证明；使感觉更强烈；使确信；批准(职位、协议等);确认；认可
【联想】 confirm的基本意思是“证实”“确定”,指以不可辩驳的事实或不容置疑的陈述证实某事的真实性、准确性、正确性以及有效程度，引申可表示为“认可”“坚定”。
【搭配】 confirm是及物动词，其主语多为人，宾语可以是名词、代词或that从句，也可接以as短语充当补足语的复合宾语。
X-rays have__________that he has not broken any bones.X光片证实他没有骨折。
Please__________your acceptance of this offer in writing.请书面确认你接受这项建议。
It is__________that the method have good applied value in teaching.
实践表明，这些方法在教学中具有良好的实用价值。
His new role could__________him as one of our leading actors.
他的新角色会确保他跻身我们的一流演员之列。
Earlier reports were unable to__________that there were any survivors.
早先的报道无法证实是否有幸存者。
mand n.(给人或动物的)命令；指令；命令；控制；管辖；指挥v.命令；指挥，统率(陆军、海军等);应得；博得；值得
【搭配】 command line命令行command system命令系统in command领导
in command of指挥，掌控
in/at/under the command of由……指挥(带有被动意味)
【辨析】 command,order的区别
command属正式用语，通常暗示权力，含有“必须服从”之意，主要用于军事场合。
order属常用词，指一般的上级对下级的命令。两者表示“命令”,用作动词时，其后的宾语从句通常都用虚拟语气。
The officer__________his men to fire.军官命令士兵开火。
He__________/ordered that the soldiers should go to the front.他命令士兵奔赴前线。
Learning English needs patience and efforts;it is impossible to have a good __________of a foreign language within a few months.学习英语需要耐心和努力；若想在几个月内掌握一门外语是不可能的。
活学活用
一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Because I have__________good command of English and serious working attitude,I often praised by the exhibitors.
2.The ground station of satellite communication,a state key project,is also under__________(construct).
3.The authors are to be congratulated__________producing such a clear and authoritative work.
4.What you've said is reasonable. I'm__________(convince).
5.He was the winner of that photography__________(compete).
二、翻译句子
1.如果您对您的假日有什么意见，请书面告知我们。(complaint)
__________________________________________________________________
2.这样做不但于事无补，反而会把事情弄糟。(on the contrary)
__________________________________________________________________
3.如果你方便的话，请你两点钟来电话。(convenient)
__________________________________________________________________
4.她对自己目前的生活并不满意，希望能采取措施来改善它。(content)
__________________________________________________________________
参考答案
单词&短语
1.appreciate promise 3.cooperate 4.congratulate 5.forgive 6.share 7.harmony 8.considerate
9.grateful 10. harmonious 11. merciful 12. reliable13.respectful 14.概念，观念 15.n.混凝土adj.具体的
16.谴责 17.引导；指挥；管理，实施 18.机密的 19.证实；确认 20.冲突，矛盾 21.混乱；混淆 22.征服；攻克23.良心，良知 24.意识到的；有知觉的 25.保守的，守旧的 26.相当大的 27.前后一致的 28.经常地；不断地 29.顾问；咨询者 30.消费；消耗 31.当代的；同时代的 32.n.契约；合同v.缩小，收缩 33.相矛盾的34.引起争论的；有争议的 35.传统的；常规的 36,确信的；坚信的 37.合作 fort munication panion plaint pose 45.concerning 46.confidence47.congratulation 48.consequence 49.considerate50.consult 51.convenient 52.convey
53.as far as... be concerned 54.总之，最后 55.underconstruction56.对……满意 57.on the contrary
58. make a contribution/contributions to 59.(书信用语)尽早；尽快 60.congratulate sb on sth.
词汇拓展
1.confirmed;confirm;confirmed;confirm;confirm
manded;commanded;command
活学活用
一、1.a 2.construction 3.on 4.convinced petition
二、1.If you have a complaint about your holiday,please in-form us in writing.
2.This won't do any good;on the contrary,it will make things even worse.
3.If it is convenient for you,call me at two o'clock,please.
4.She is not content with her present life and wishes to take steps to improve it.

第二部分 话题阅读训练
（A）完形填空
13-year-old Madison was studying at home when her mother burst in. She said a boy had fallen into a septic tank (化粪池) and made an urgent 1 for Madison’s help.
They ran to a neighbor’s yard, where the anxious adults surrounded the septic tank opening 2 wider than a basketball. The boy, aged only 2, had slipped in and was drowning.
Madison quickly 3 the situation. She was the only one who could 4 through the small opening. Without hesitation, she got close to the opening and said, “ 5 me in.”
Some people held her waist and 6 . She wiggled (扭动) arms and shoulders until she 7 the opening. Inside, the tank was dark and the air smelly. When she stuck her arms into the dirty water, she jammed her left wrist against a hidden stick, 8 it severely.
9 tend to her injury, Madison scanned the surface of the dirty water, hoping to feel the underwater boy. Suddenly she saw his little toes stick out. When spotting the vague 10 of his foot again, Madison shot out her 11 hand, grasped the foot tightly and shouted, “Pull me up!”
As they nearly reached the surface, the boy’s other foot got stuck. She wiggled his foot until it was 12 . Eventually they were lifted out.
13 , the kid wasn’t out of trouble. Having suffered from lack of 14 that long he wasn’t breathing. He was then given hard hits on the back until he coughed up water. At the sight of this, Madison sighed with relief.
Madison received months of treatment for her wrist, which made her 15 actions more impressive.
1．A．appointment B．attempt C．choice D．request
2．A．partly B．previously C．slightly D．dramatically
3．A．tackled B．examined C．disturbed D．lost
4．A．look B．jump C．fill D．fit
5．A．Throw B．Lower C．Force D．Push
6．A．legs B．arms C．head D．hands
7．A．adjusted to B．got through C．tore down D．held on to
8．A．touching B．trapping C．injuring D．striking
9．A．In an effort to B．Rather than C．Likely to D．Ready to
10．A．skin B．gesture C．picture D．outline
11．A．left B．single C．good D．clumsy
12．A．frozen B．free C．flexible D．bare
13．A．However B．Instead C．Therefore D．Personally
14．A．protection B．oxygen C．gravity D．energy
15．A．unselfish B．thoughtless C．unconscious D．random

【答案】
1．D2．C3．B4．D5．B6．A7．B8．C9．B10．D 11．C12．B13．A14．B15．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了女孩麦迪逊不顾自身安危，英勇进入化粪池营救小男孩的感人事迹。
1．考查名词词词义辨析。句意：她说一个男孩掉进了化粪池，并紧急请求麦迪逊的帮助。A. appointment 预约；B. attempt 尝试；C. choice 选择；D. request请求。根据“She said a boy had fallen into a septic tank”可知，麦迪逊的母亲说一个小男孩掉进化粪池，因此，她来请求（request）麦迪逊帮忙。make an urgent request for help向某人紧急求助。故选D项。
2．考查副词词词义辨析。句意：他们跑到邻居家的院子里，焦急的成年人围着比篮球稍宽的一点的化粪池开口处。A. partly 部分地；B. previously 之前地；C. slightly稍稍地；D. dramatically 显著地。根据“The boy, aged only 2, had slipped in and was drowning.”可知，掉进化粪池的男孩才2岁，可推知，化粪池的开口不大，比篮球直径稍稍（slightly）宽一点。故选C项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊很快检查了情况。A. tackled解决；B. examined 检查；C. disturbed干扰；D. lost 失去。根据“She was the only one who could ___4___ through the small opening.”可知，麦迪逊检查了（examined）周围都是成年人以及化粪池洞口的这几个情况，只有他身体比较小，能够穿进洞口。故选B项。
4．考查动词词词义辨析。句意：她是唯一一个能穿过这个小洞的人。A. look 看；B. jump 跳；C. fill 填；D. fit适合，容纳。根据上文“where the anxious adults surrounded the septic tank opening ___2___ wider than a basketball.”可知，当麦迪逊到达的时候，围在化粪池洞口的都是成年人，只有她是孩子，能够适合（fit）穿过那个洞口。故选D项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她毫不犹豫地走近洞口说：“你们使我下降一点。”A. Throw 把；B. Lower使……下降；C. Force 力；D. Push 推。根据下文“Some people held her waist and ___6___.”可知，麦迪逊要求别人帮忙把她下降（Lower）到化粪池，她想下去营救男孩。故选B项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人抱着她的腰和腿。A. legs 腿；B. arms 胳膊；C. head 头；D. hands 手。 根据下文“She wiggled arms and shoulders until she___7___ the opening.”可知，她扭动她的胳膊和肩膀指导穿过洞口，可推知，她的腰和腿（legs）被别人抱住了。故选A项。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她扭动着胳膊和肩膀，直到她穿过洞口。A. adjusted to 适应；B. got through穿过；C. tore down 拆除；D. held on to坚持。根据上一段“She was the only one who could ___4___ through the small opening.”可知，只有她能够穿过洞口，因此，该句指她穿过（got through）洞口。故选B项。
8．考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：当她把胳膊伸进脏水里时，左手手腕卡在一根隐藏的棍子上，手腕受伤很严重。A. touching 触摸；B. trapping 捕获；C. injuring 弄伤；D. striking 引人注目。根据“___9___ tend to her injury”可知，隐藏的棍子（a hidden stick）把她的手腕弄伤(injuring)，她顾不上自己的伤势。故选C项。
9．考查短语辨析句意：麦迪逊没有顾她的伤，而是扫描了污水的表面，希望能感觉到水下男孩。A. In an effort to 为了；B. Rather than 而不是；C. Likely to 可能；D. Ready to 准备。根据“Madison scanned the surface of the dirty water, hoping to feel the underwater boy.”可知，麦迪逊首先顾及到的是小男孩的生命安危，而不是（Rather than）自己的伤势。故选B项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当麦迪逊再次看到他的脚的模糊的轮廓时，她伸出那只好手，紧紧地抓住他的脚，喊道：“把我拉上来！”A. skin 皮肤；B. gesture 手势；C. picture 图片；D. outline 轮廓。根据“Madison scanned the surface of the dirty water, hoping to feel the underwater boy.”可知，男孩已经沉到脏水里，麦迪逊只能靠着自己的感觉去搜寻男孩，因此，该句指的是小男孩的脚在污水表面的轮廓（outline）。故选D项。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当麦迪逊再次看到他的脚模糊的轮廓时，她伸出那只好手，紧紧地抓住他的脚，喊道：“把我拉上来！”A. left 左得知；B. single 单的；C. good 好的；D. clumsy 笨拙的。根据第四段中“When she stuck her arms into the dirty water, she jammed her left wrist against a hidden stick”可知，麦迪逊的一个手腕严重受伤了，因此，她用好的（good）那只手去抓住男孩。故选C项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她扭动着他的脚直到它自由了。A. frozen 冷冻；B. free 自由的，摆脱的；C. flexible 灵活的；D. bare 裸的。根据“As they nearly reached the surface, the boy’s other foot got stuck.”可知，小男孩快被救出来的时候，他的另一只脚被卡住了，因此麦迪逊努力帮助男孩把他的脚摆脱出来。“摆脱出来”即是“自由的（free）”。故选B项。
13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，孩子并没有脱离危险。A. However然而；B. Instead 相反地；C. Therefore 因此；D. Personally个人地。根据“the kid wasn’t out of trouble.”可知，虽然男孩被救上来了，然而并没有脱离危险。句意与上文发生了转折，结合该空前的逗号，应该填副词However，表示转折关系。故选A项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于缺氧太久，他已经没有呼吸了。A. protection 保护；B. oxygen 氧气；C. gravity 重力；D. energy 能源。根据“Madison scanned the surface of the dirty water, hoping to feel the underwater boy.”可知，小男孩当时已经沉到污水中，麦迪逊需要靠知觉去感受男孩的位置。因此，被救上来时，已经缺氧（oxygen）。故选B项。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊的手腕接受了数月的治疗，这使她无私的行为更加令人印象深刻。A. unselfish 无私的；B thoughtless 粗心的；C. unconscious 无意识的；D. random 随机的。通读全文可知，此句指麦迪逊奋不顾身营救男孩的行为是无私的（unselfish）。故选A项。
（B）阅读理解
It differs greatly between wanting to become a great magician and actually doing it. In high school, I staged a show and my entire world came out to watch—friends and family members, everyone I want to impress. The audience all looked on in horror, fascination and pity, sitting there mute, enduring the spectacle and waiting for the show to end.
A few years later, I staged a Harry Houdini-style underwater escape in the river that flowed through the middle of the campus of the University of Iowa, where I went to school. I stood on a boat in the middle of the river wearing nothing but biking shorts and weights around my wrists and ankles. The sky was dead and gray, and the water was dead and gray, and a freezing breeze blew across its surface.
Technically, I succeeded. I jumped into the water, sank to the bottom, and escaped from the locks and the chains before swimming to the surface. But it didn't feel like a success. When Houdini did it, thousands of people turned up to watch, I had about a dozen who stopped on their way to class, and the police showed up because someone thought I was going to kill myself.
I am living proof, though, that if you throw enough time and effort at something—maybe even anything—you can become good at it. I found inspiration in Houdini's words: "The real secret to my success is simple: I work from seven in the morning to midnight and I like it." This quote lived on a piece of paper stuck to the wall by my bed for ten years. I had hit Malcolm Gladwell's 10,000 hours of practice by the time I turned 22, and he's right—I got pretty good.
The week after I finished school, I drove to Los Angeles to begin my career as a professional magician. I have never held another job.
1．What can you learn about the show the author staged in high school?
A．It was a total failure.
B．The audience loved it.
C．He was fully prepared for it.
D．He earned a good reputation.
2．Why did the author say that his water escape didn't feel like a success?

A．The police caught him.
B．He escaped being drowned.
C．Almost no one watched it.
D．It took him too long a time.
3．The author wanted to tell the readers through his story that ________.
A．doing is better than saying
B．a good beginning makes a good ending
C．all good things came to an end
D．nothing is impossible to a willing heart
【答案】1．A2．C3．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者成为一个魔术师的经历，作者认为世上无难事只怕有心人。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“It differs greatly between wanting to become a great magician and actually doing it. The audience all looked on in horror, fascination and pity, sitting there mute, enduring the spectacle and waiting for the show to end.”（想要成为一个伟大的魔术师和真正做到这一点是有很大区别的。观众们惊恐地、着迷地、怜悯地看着，默默地坐在那里，忍受着这一幕，等待着表演的结束。）由此判断出，作者高中时的表演彻底失败了。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“But it didn't feel like a success. When Houdini did it, thousands of people turned up to watch, I had about a dozen who stopped on their way to class, and the police showed up because someone thought I was going to kill myself. ”（但感觉并不成功。当胡迪尼表演时，成千上万的人前来观看，而我的表演，有十几个人在去上课的路上停下来，警察也出现了，因为有人认为我要自杀。）由此可知，为什么作者说他的水下逃脱不成功是因为几乎没有人看表演。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I am living proof, though, that if you throw enough time and effort at something—maybe even anything—you can become good at it.”（我就是活生生的例子，如果你在某件事上投入足够的时间和精力——甚至是任何事——你就能成功）由此判断出，作者想通过他的故事告诉读者世上无难事只怕有心人。故选D项。
（C）语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个介词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
American singer Tim Storms holds the Guinness Records for “the world's lowest note produced by a human”, as well as36． “the widest vocal range”.
Tim Storms has always had 37． pretty deep voice. He was eight years old 38． he found that he could sing bass (男低音) notes. But he never imagined that his voice would ever become the deepest ever measured, 39． (allow) him to hit notes 40． (low) , on average, as is reported by a journalist, David Raizen, than the frequency a human ear can detect. Storms 41． (he) says that he can't hear the G-7 notes he is able to hit. 42． claims that he sort of feels it, and the special equipment used to test his deep voice has conf