第十二讲(解析版)(外研版).doc

2021年新高二暑假精品课程 之 预习+巩固+娴熟+突破
第十二讲（解析版）
【学习目标】
1．科学回顾梳理高一学年所学所接触的重点难点词汇和短语，句型和句式，借助语篇结构的语言环境夯实基础，熟练把控语篇脉络和词汇记忆，进而实现词汇量的飞跃，且有助于答题技巧的熟练形成。
2．借助宝贵的暑假时间，科学高效迎对新课，新知识，新语言现象，走近高考，从容应对和解决高中英语的基本技能，达到知识，能力和技巧的飞跃和突破。

【梳理重难点】
Ⅰ.词汇初探
1．client n．客户，客人，顾客
2．cite v．引用，引述
3．cell n．细胞
4．bound adj.可能的
5．demand n．需要，需求
6．assess v．评价，评定→assessment n．评估；评价
7．cycle n．自行车→cyclist n．骑自行车的人
【梳理重难点】 Ⅱ.短语互译
1．注意； 留意 pay_attention_to
2．导致；结果是 result_in
3．期待 look_forward_to
4．由于；归功于 thanks_to
5．bank on 依靠，指望
6．on the horizon 将要发生
7．around the corner 即将来临；_在拐角处；_在附近
8．ahead of 在……前面；_先于
9．be bound to 很有可能，肯定会
【梳理重难点】 Ⅳ.语法初探——单句语法填空
1．No bird and no beast is_seen (see) on the lonely island.
2．One and a half apples is (be) left on the table.
3．Listening to loud music at rock concerts has (have) caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
4．Many a writer of newspaper articles has (have) turned to writing novels.
5．Five years has_passed (pass) since they met last time，and for them, five years is (be) really a long time.
6．The number of people invited was (be) fifty, but a number of them were (be) absent for different reasons.
7．Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, hopes (hope) to go to university.
8．Jack is the only one of the students who speaks (speak) English well.
9．There is (be) a lake and five buildings in this park.
10．The rich are (be) for the plan, but the poor are against it.

【梳理重难点】
1
[教材原句]A recent example cited on the website is that one of the testing companies compares the talents of twins Bobby and Benny. (P41)
网站上最近引用的一个例子是，其中一家测试公司比较了双胞胎鲍比和本尼的才能。
The lawyer cited a previous case to support his argument.
律师引用了以前的案例来支持他的论点。
[归纳拓展]
cite sth. as instance 举某物为例
cite sth. as proof of...引……以证明
cite sb. for sth. 因某事而嘉奖某人
cite from sb. 引用某人的某作品
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①The soldier was_cited by the king for his bravery.
这士兵由于英勇而受到国王的褒扬。
②I can cite a recent, personal incident as_instance.
我可以举一个最近发生在我身上的例子。
单句语法填空
③These lines are cited from a poem by Li Bai
2
[教材原句]Bobby was assessed and his talents were revealed to be mostly scientific: a 66% chance of success in chemistry and 54% in physics were shown. (P41)
对鲍比进行了评估，发现他的才能大多是科学的：化学方面成功的几率为66%，物理方面成功的几率为54%。
He can quickly assess a person's character.
他能很快地评定出一个人的品质。
[归纳拓展]
assess sth. at sth.估计……价值为……
assess sb./sth. as sth.评定……为……
assessment n．评价；评估；评定
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①The young men were_assessed as either safe or unsafe drivers.
这些年轻人被评定为谨慎驾驶员和不谨慎驾驶员两类。
②Damage to the building was_assessed at ￡40,000.
该建筑物的损失估定为4万英镑。
单句语法填空
③It's difficult to_assess (assess) the effects of these changes.
④His assessment (assess) of the situation was right.
3
[教材原句]．..with companies intending to provide on－demand services.(P43)
……公司打算提供按需服务。
There's an increased demand for organic produce these days.
目前对有机农产品有更大的需求。
[归纳拓展]
(1)make a demand on/of提出要求，有求于
in demand
on demand＝when asked for一经要求
(2)demanding adj.要求高的；费力的
提示：demand作动词时，后可接名词、不定式和从句作宾语，但不可跟sb.to do结构；后接that从句时，从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”；作名词引导表语从句或同位语从句时，从句也用虚拟语气。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①The Harry Potter books are quite popular；they are in great demand in this city.
②When the middle－aged man was visiting his girlfriend, she demanded that he (should)_shave (shave) his beard.
③Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding (demand) customers.
【梳理重难点】
1
[教材原句]Describe another planet for the future, paying attention to subject－verb agreement. (P41)
描述另一个星球的未来，注意主谓一致
You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.
你们应该更多关注我所居住的热带雨林，并懂得动物们是如何在一起生活的。
[归纳拓展]
attract/draw/catch one's attention to吸引某人的注意力到……
fix/focus one's attention on集中注意力于……
have sb.'s attention请某人注意
[名师点津]
动词短语pay attention to为动词＋名词＋介词”结构，其被动语态的变化可有两种情况：
(1)介词to的宾语可作为被动语态的主语；
(2)动词pay的宾语(即attention)可作为被动语态的主语。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①No attention was_paid (pay) to his advice.
②Please pay attention to what I am saying.
③With his attention paid (pay) to the film，the boy didn't notice his father leave quietly.
④The students are required to pay more attention to keeping (keep) the lab clean.
2
[教材原句]Time travel could result in a paradox─an event that contradicts itself. (P42)
时间旅行可能会导致一个悖论——一个自相矛盾的事件。
The talks resulted in reducing the number of missiles.
谈判结果是削减了导弹数量。
[归纳拓展]
result from因……而引起；因……而导致
as a result结果；因此(作状语)
as a/the result of由于……；因为……
without result毫无结果
[名师点津] result in“导致”与lead to“导致”同义，且in与to皆为介词，两短语可互换。
[巧学助记]

[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①His laziness resulted in his failure；that is to say, his failure resulted from his laziness.
②As we all know, success results from hard work and failure often lies in laziness.
③Much new and high technology has been introduced from Germany, thus resulting (result) in great increase in the production of the company.
3

Besides time travel, we have much to look forward to in the future, thanks to advances in technology.
除了时间旅行，由于科技的进步，我们对未来还有很多期待。
The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.
最富有生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天和迎来春天的日子。
[归纳拓展]
look back 回顾过去
look into往里看；调查
look on...as...把……看作……
look out向外看；当心；小心
look up to仰视；尊敬；赞赏
look down on/upon俯视；轻视，看不起
巧学助记]
立体巧记look短语

[即时巩固]
完成句子
①Nowadays, he is_looked_on_as a hero and looked_up_to by his fans；when he looks_back,_he never forgets those days when he was_looked_down_upon/on.
现在他被看作一名英雄，被粉丝们崇拜；当他回顾过去，他永远忘不了被人看不起的日子。
②Sarah Thomas is looking_forward_to the challenge of her new A－level course.

萨拉·托马斯正期盼着挑战她的新A水平课程。
单句语法填空
③They look forward to getting (get) a chance to receive further education.
4
[教材原句]Besides time travel, we have much to look forward to in the future, thanks to advances in technology.(P43)
除了时间旅行，由于科技的进步，我们对未来还有很多期待。
Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.
多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了一些方法。
[归纳拓展]
由于；因为
[易混辨析]
thanks to, because of, owing to, due to
thanks to
是介词短语，只能作状语，多用于褒义，也可用于讽刺口吻中，引导的介词短语可置于句首或句末
because of
多用于表示直接原因，通常只作状语，不作表语，后面可接名词、代词、动名词等
owing to
多作状语，可放在句首或句末，用逗号将其和句子其他部分隔开
due to
可作表语和状语，不可位于句首
[巧学助记]

[名师点津]
thanks to, owing to, due to, because of都是介词短语(直接用在名词之前)，而不是连接词(不可用来连接句子的两个部分)。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①Thanks_to_his_help,_we finished our work on time.
幸亏有他的帮助，我们按时完成了工作。
②It was thanks_to_his_advice that I succeeded.
幸亏他的建议我才成功。
③I became interested in playing football thanks_to_a_small_accident.
由于一次小事故，我对踢足球产生了兴趣。
5
[教材原句]Some of these ideas may sound far ahead of their time, but I'm sure they're bound to happen sooner or later! (P43)
其中一些想法听起来可能远远超前于他们的时代，但我相信它们迟早会发生的。
You have done so much that you are bound to pass the exam.
你下了这么大功夫，一定能通过这次考试。
[归纳拓展]
be bound for准备开往；飞往；驶往
be bound to sth.被束缚于某物
be bound to do sth.一定会
be bound up in热心于；忙于
be bound up with与……有密切联系
[图解助记]

[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①You have made outstanding contributions to the company，and I am sure you are bound to_get (get)promoted this year.
②Welcome to take the number G857 High－speed Rail Train bound for Wuhu from Nanjing.

Each of the children is given a report showing their possible talents. (P41)
给每个孩子一份显示他们可能的才能的报告。

[即时巩固]
单词语法填空
①There is a great deal of evidence indicating (indicate) that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
②The government plans to bring in new laws forcing (force) parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
③He is a student at Oxford University, studying (study) for a degree in computer science.