专题15-必修三Unit3基础知识复习(译林版2020).docx

专题15 必修三Unit3基础知识复习-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清（译林版2020）

必修三Unit3基础知识复习：
1. 单词词组搭配
2. 短语
3. 写作和范文欣赏-求助信
4. 练习

单词
变形
词组搭配
access n．机会，权利；入径，通道vt.到达，进入，使用

accessible
adj.易接近的，可进入的

be accessible to...
可接近/可靠近；可使用…
have/get/obtain/gain access to...
拥有……的机会；可以接近；进入
major adj.主要的，较多的

majority n．大部分，大多数
major adj.主要的；重要的vi. 主修
minority n. 少数
in a/the majority　占大多数
major in 主修……
in the/a minority 占少数
deliver
vt.递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出

delivery n．递送
deliver a baby 助产；接生
deliver a speech 发表演说
deliver sth.to sb.把某物递送给某人
delivery n. 递送
establish vt.建立(关系或联系)；设立；确立；使得到认可；查实，确定
establishment n．确定，制定；建立

aware adj.知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的

unaware adj.无意识的，未觉察的awareness n．意识，明白，知道
awareness n. 意识，认知，了解

be aware of/that.明白……；意识到……
make sb. aware of...让某人意识到……
heighten/increase one's awareness of...提高/增强某人的……意识
entertain
v. 招待；款待；使有兴趣；使快乐

entertainment n．娱乐活动；娱乐
entertaining adj. 令人愉快的
to one's entertainment使某人快乐的是
entertain sb.with...
用……使某人快乐；用……招待某人
addict
n．对……入迷的人；瘾君子

addicted adj.入了迷的，上了瘾的
addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
addiction n. 上瘾；入迷
addict oneself to沉溺于……
be addicted to 对……上瘾
appreciate
vt.欣赏，赏识；感谢

appreciation n．欣赏；感谢
appreciate doing..喜欢/感激做……
appreciate sb.doing..感激某人做……
I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激
in appreciation of 感谢
instant
adj.立即的，立刻的；方便的
n.瞬间，片刻；某一时刻
instantly＝immediately
adv.立刻，马上
the instant(that) 一……就……
take off
起飞；
突然大受欢迎，迅速流行；
事业腾达
take in　理解；领会
take on 雇用；呈现
take over 接收，接管
take up 占据；开始从事

bring up
使显示；抚养；
提出；呕吐
bring in　引进；获利；赚钱
bring out 出版；使显现
bring about 引起；导致

quit
vt.& vi.停止，戒掉；离开
quitted-quitted
quit school　退学
quit the army 退伍
quit doing sth. 放弃做某事
scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的

scare vt.　使恐惧，惊吓
scared adj. 害怕的
scaring adj. 令人害怕的
scare...away/off 把……吓跑
scare sb.into/out of doing sth.
恐吓某人做/不做某事
be scared to do sth.不敢做某事
cut back on 减少，削减

cut down　削减；砍倒；缩短
cut in 插嘴；插队
cut off 中止，切断
cut out 裁剪；删去
cut up 切碎

obviously adv. 显然，明显地
obvious adj. 明显的
It is obvious that..............很明显
assess vt. 评估
assessment n. 评估，评价
区分：access n.渠道；途径
extent
n. 程度，限度；范围
extensive
adj. 广泛的; 大量的 广阔的
to some extent=to a certain extent
在某种程度上
commerce
n. 商务；商业；贸易
commercial adj 商业的 商务的

arrangement
n. 安排；布置；约定；排列
arrange v. 安排 整理
arrange sb to do sth 安排某人做某事
insurance
n. 保险 保险费 保险业
insure v. 投保; 给........保险

短语：

hold a debate about

开展⼀场辩论
hold a debate about bringing mobile phones to school
take off
(事业)飞⻩腾达
So one emoji is took off throughout the world.

have the power to
有能⼒做…

to a certain extent

在某种程度上
To a certain extent, the world's knowledge is all at our fingertips
at our fingertips
了如指掌

have sth.delivered

运输某物
You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites
Gone are the days of
…的⽇⼦⼀去不复返了
Gone are the days of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots-you can compare styles and prices quickly and easily in the comfort of your liv ing room

写作和范文欣赏-求助信
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。七月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛 (speech contest)，你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件：
1.询问Tom的生活和学习情况； 2.谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙；
3.告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他。
注意:
1.词数:120—150；  2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________
【范文】
Dear Tom，
How is it going these days? I keep wondering how you feel about your school life in Beijing. Have you got used to the life in China? Are you enjoying your life? I hope you are.
 Let me tell you a piece of good news: I’m going to take part in an English speech contest of middle school students in July in the coming summer vacation. So I’m busy preparing for it. But now I have some difficulty in collecting useful information and using proper English word to express my thoughts. Besides,  I really want to improve my spoken English, especially the pronunciation and intonation（语调）. Of course, as a native English speaker, you can give me some suggestions.
In addition, I’m going to visit you after the contest. I’m sure we will have a wonderful time together in Beijing! I can hardly wait to see you! I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua

单元练习
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. I know you don’t like her but try not to make it so (obviously).
2. Cultures give us a sense of (belong) in society.
3. They are an (establish) company with a good reputation.
4. When can you take (deliver) of the car?
5. Her voice is (instant) recognizable.
6. Local authority child-care provision covers only a tiny (majority) of working mothers.
7. Clearance of the site required the (remove) of a number of trees.
8. It is still (technical) possible for them to win.
9. Many of the women are (addict) to heroin and cocaine.
10. It is an investigation into children’s understanding and (appreciate) of art.
11. The 1980s brought an (aware) of green issues.
12. The movie was not a (commerce) success.
13. The aim of the series is both to (entertainment) and inform.
14. Prior to the nineteenth century, there were almost no channels of social (mobile).
【答案】
1.obvious 2.belonging 3.established 4.delivery 5.instantly 6.minority 7.removal 8.technically 9.addicted 10.appreciation 11.awareness mercial 13.entertain 14.mobility

单句语法填空
1. The hotel is a comfortable and well-run (establish).
2. that instant the museum was plunged into total darkness .
3. She is due (deliver) a lecture on genetic engineering.
4. We met at six, as (arrange).
5. It was this campaign established the paper’s reputation.
6. You are requested not (smoke) in the restaurant.
7. She helped him fight his drug (addict).
8. I don’t appreciate (treat) like a second-class citizen.
9. He made his (comment) at a news conference in Amsterdam.
10. Drug abuse has long been a (majority) problem for the authorities there.
11. This is a kitchen especially (design) for the elderly.
12. To generate new money the sport needs to be more (entertain).
13. It was (reveal) that important evidence had been suppressed.
14. Journalists were denied access the President.
【答案】
1.establishment 2.At 3.to deliver 4.arranged 5.that 6.to smoke 7.addiction 8.being treated ments 10.major 11.designed 12.entertaining 13.revealed 14.to

根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示填写单词
1. As far as I’m （意识到；知道), nobody has done anything about it.
2. I looked after my father’s financial (私人业务).
3. She's happy with her unusual living (安排方式；布置).
4. The government has drawn up (指导方针；准则) on the treatment of the mentally ill.
5. (显然), they’ve had sponsorship from some big companies.
6. You’ve illeagally (获取) and misused confidential security files.
7. Surveys indicate that supporters of the treaty are still in the (占多数).
8. You really can’t (评论) until you know the facts.
9. He is only 24 years old and a drug (瘾君子).
10. There will be live (文娱节目；表演会) at the party.
11. The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is near the (边界，边境) between China and Vietnam.
12. The president is sending in almost 20,000 (军事的) personnel to help with the relief efforts.
13. She has had the tumor (去除，使消失).
14. We offer free (技术的) support for those buying our software
15. The Internet puts an unprecedented range of information right at our f .
16. They have made their fortunes from industry and c .
17. The handwriting b to a male.
18. The new magazine has really t off.
19. The police gained a through a broken window.
20. He was b up in a remote village.
【答案】
1.aware 2.affairs 3.arrangements 4.guidelines 5.Obviously 6.accessed 7.majority ment 9.addict 10.entertainment 11.frontier 12.military 13.removed 14.technical 15.fingertips merce 17.belongs/belonged 18.taken 19.access 20.brought

七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When Failure Is a Good Thing
Failure is an important process you can learn from. 36
Most people view failure as something that should be avoided at all costs. 37 It may have been an “F” we received on a paper or the high expectations our parents placed upon our shoulders that stopped us from trying.
Award-winning psychologist and author, Ron Friedman, tells the story of how Sara Blakely, founder of Spanx, revolutionized the women's clothing industry and became a billionaire in his book, The Best Place To Work: The Art and Science of Creating an Extraordinary Workplace.
38 She had zero experience in the clothing industry, lacked an education in business and raised only $5,000 to invest. When asked where she found the courage, she gave all credit to her dad. While most parents ask their kids, “How was your day?" when sitting down for dinner, Sara's parents asked her and her brother, “What did you fail at today?” each and every night.
When interviewed by CNN's Anderson Cooper, Sara said, “Instead of failure being the outcome, failure became not trying. It forced me at a young age to want to push myself so much further out of my comfort zone.” 39 It became more about learning and less about a personal weakness.
If we view failure as weakness, we avoid stepping out of our comfort zone. 40 It does not define us, but instead matures us. I 'm sure that there are many risks we would all take in our personal, professional and spiritual lives if we could get past a fear of failure.
What has been the greatest lesson you have learned when taking a chance? Please share with us.
A. And, most importantly, it means you tried.
B. Let's take a look at how Sara faced failures.
C. In reality, Sara's father had re-defined failure.
D. Early on, Sara overcame a series of difficulties.
E. Instead, we must remind ourselves that failure is an action.
F. It is important to reflect on what can be learnt from failure.
G. We tend to connect failure with a bad experience we had as a child.
【答案】36. A 37. G 38. D 39. C 40. E
【解析】文章讲述了Spanx的创始人Sara Blakely的故事来告诉我们该如何对待失败。Sara Blakely的父亲重新定义了失败，他让孩子明白，失败并不是最终结果，而只是缺乏尝试。失败没有定义我们，而是让我们成长，让我们脱离舒适区并变成一个更优秀的人。
第36题
A 前一句说，失败是一个重要的过程，你可以从这个过程中学到很多。选项A，更重要的是，它意味着你尝试了。本题可能错选F，但是注意，F选项的意思和A选项重复了，F选项说从失败中反思很重要；此外，A项更切合主题，失败并非结果，而是一种行为，不愿再尝试才是失败，失败让我们成长。故选A。
第37题
G 前一句说，人们认为失败是生活中无论如何都要避免的东西；后几句讲述的是我们小时候的一些失败。所以这里在讲人们对失败的看法，选项G，我们小的时候通常认为失败是一种不好的经历，进而引出下文小时候的一些失败，故选G。
第38题
D 本题纠结的点可能是B选项和D选项。我们看后文，后文说Sara在服装业没有经验，没有商业的学习经历，也没有钱投资，她只有她父亲的教诲，“你今天失败的做了什么”，所以这一段并没有讲Sara是如何面对困难的，而是在讲Sara经历的困难，故选D不选B。
第39题
C 空前说，失败并非结果，而是一种不愿尝试的想法，讲的是失败的定义；空后说，失败更多是关于吸取教训，而非个人弱点，讲的也是失败的定义。此外，这种失败的定义让Sara脱离了自己的舒适圈，所以这里在说Sara父亲重新定义的失败对Sara的影响，选项C符合文意，选C。
第40题
E 前文说，如果认为失败是一种个人弱点，我们就不会脱离自己的舒适圈，讲的是反面；后文说，我们不由失败定义，而从失败中受到启发进而成长，讲的是正面，所以设空处应包含转折。选项E，相反，我们必须提醒自己，失败只是一种行为，他不定义我们，他使我们成长，故选E。

阅读理解
Nowadays mail delivery is a little different. I still get my mail from my mailbox. Nothing, but my neighbors' mail. I thought that was curious.
I proceeded to take my neighbors' mail to them. I was about to put the mail in their mailbox when a tall man came running out shouting about messing with his friend's mail. He snatched (夺过) the mail from my hand, opened the mailbox and pointed to the mail inside.“You were after this.
I shook my head, “No, believe me. I got this mail by mistake in my box today. I was just bringing it to them." He gave me a funny look and went back into his house.
I got the knock on the door the next morning by two very polite officers. The annoyed tall man had phoned the police and told them I was a crazy old woman going around mixing up everyone's mail. Before I could finish telling them about what was going on, the officers had watched a dog approach my mailbox with mail in his mouth. He took out the mail that was in my box and put letters in He pushed the door closed with his nose, picked up the new pile of mail he had gotten from my box, and repeated this all the way down the next street. We all started laughing.
The dog had belonged to a mail carrier who had died. No one thought to check (the carrier lived alone) on the man's dog. The dog had been trained to put mail in and take mail out of the boxes. When he got loose, he assumed his duties.
I went by to talk to the annoyed tall man to fill him in on what had happened. He was very pleased when he realized I was not a mail thief. He did, however, adopt the little guy.
24. Why did the tall man give the author a funny look?
A. To show his disbelief. B. To express his curiosity.
C. To contain his annoyance. D. To hide his embarrassment.
25. How did the police officers discover the truth?
A. By analyzing the case. B. By witnessing the mix-up.
C. By questioning the author. D. By consulting the tall man.
26. According to the story, the dog
A. was well-trained and devoted B. used to live a lonely and busy life
C. was assigned to replace the carrier D. guarded the mail in the neighborhood
27. What's the best title for the story?
A. A mail service B. A dog's tale
C. Special delivery D. Noble duties
【答案】 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C
【解析】B篇文章为一篇记叙文，主要围绕我和邻居的误会展开。讲述了由一只小狗引起的信件乌龙事件。
第24题 A 由文章第三第四段可知，男人并没有相信我的解释而是选择了报警，故选A。
第25题 B 由文章第四段可知，警察在上门调查时撞见并亲眼目睹了那只狗取信件和放信件的全过程，由此发现了真相，故选B。
第26题 A 由文章倒数第二段可知，这只可怜的狗属于一位已故的邮递员，它受过训练会取放信件。在邮递员死后它爱是履行自己的职责。可见它是一只训练有素且忠诚的狗，故选A。
第27题 C 文章主要围绕我和邻居因为一封信件而产生的误会展开，讲述了由一只小狗引起的信件投递乌龙事件。中心主要围绕送信一事，故选C。