考点07-数词(新高考专用)(学生版).docx

考点07 数词（核心考点精讲精练）

1. 三年真题考点分布
题型
语法填空
高考考点
数词
全国甲卷
2023
six--sixth
2022

2021

新高考II卷
2023

2022

2021

浙江1月高考卷
2023

2022

2021

2. 命题规律及备考策略（高考语法填空命题：先选好主题语篇，然后再定语法考点，所以2023年新高考I卷，没有考查动词时态和从句，因为语篇不具备考查素材，所以语法复习要全面。）
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于数词的考查共计1次，主要考查：
1．序数词和基数词的词形转换
2．数词的用法功能；
3. 数词的正确表达形式。
【备考策略】熟记基本序数词和基数词词形，熟练掌握有关数词的表达法。
【命题预测】
2024年语法填空仍然有可能对数词进行考查，主要集中考查序数词和基数词的词形转换，数词的相关表达。
（不要粗略的总结，给你最全面、实用的考点总结）
数词
　　数词属于高考试题中的轮考点，主要涉及基数词和序数词的基本用法及区别，序数词前的修饰词以及分数的正确表达等。
考点一 基数词
1．常用基数词表

Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
one
eleven
thirty
two
twelve
forty
three
thirteen
fifty
four
fourteen
sixty
five
fifteen
seventy
six
sixteen
eighty
seven
seventeen
ninety
eight
eighteen
hundred
nine
nineteen
thousand
ten
twenty
million/billion
2.使用基数词的几点注意事项
(1)one and a half后的名词用复数，谓语动词一般用单数，不过事实上也可用复数。
(2)①当hundred, thousand, million, billion前面有基数词时，用单数形式，词尾不加-s；前面有many, several, a few修饰时，仍用单数形式。如：several billion years。
②表示概数时，用ten, hundred, thousand, billion的复数形式加of，后面接复数名词。如：thousands of lakes and forests。
(3)表示某人的大约年龄，即“几十多岁”时，使用基数词的复数形式。“in sb.'s＋整十的基数词的复数”意为“在某人几十多岁时”。如：in his fifties。
(4)表示世纪年代
表示“在……世纪……年代”时在数字后加-'s或-s。
the early 1920s/1920's
the early twenties
the mid-eighties
考点二 序数词
1．常用序数词表

Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
first
eleventh
thirtieth
second
twelfth
fortieth
third
thirteenth
fiftieth
fourth
fourteenth
sixtieth
fifth
fifteenth
seventieth
sixth
sixteenth
eightieth
seventh
seventeenth
ninetieth
eighth
eighteenth
hundredth
ninth
nineteenth
thousandth
tenth
twentieth
millionth/billionth
【用法指南】　21以上的多位数词，只将末位数变为序数词，前面的其他位数仍用基数词。如：21st→twenty-first；22nd→twenty-second；33rd→thirty-third；100th→one hundredth
2．序数词前冠词的使用
(1)序数词前一般要加定冠词the。
This is the first one.这是第一个。
(2)序数词前有时可用不定冠词a/an，此时不强调顺序。“a/an＋序数词”相当于another，表示“又一个，再一个”。
You'd better try a third time.你最好再试一次。
(3)序数词用作副词时，不用冠词。
First come, first served.近水楼台先得月。
(4)序数词之前已有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格修饰时，不再用定冠词。
I'll never forget that first lesson taught by Mr Wang.我将不会忘记王老师教我的第一堂课。
(5)序数词用在由“序数词＋名词”构成的形容词中时，不用定冠词。
There is a first-class hotel over there.
那里有一家一流的宾馆。

[2022·衡水中学高三调研]Whaling was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteenth and early ________ (twenty) centuries but whaling in Australia was limited in 1987.

1．The Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations says about one ________ (three) of the food produced worldwide each year is wasted or lost.
2．In the summer holiday following my ________(eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons.
考点三　常见数词表达法

名称
例词
专有名词
Lesson 1, No.1 Middle School, Class 24, Row One, CCTV­9
基数词
one, two, three, eleven, ...
序数词
first, second, third, fourth, fifth, eighth, twelfth, ...
小数
10.503读作ten point five zero three, 1.3米读作one point three meters
分数
one third (a third) 三分之一， three fifths 五分之三， a quarter 四分之一
百分数
30 percent (30 per cent) 30%
钟点
It's nine.(＝It's nine o'clock.)九点， five thirty 五点三十分， five to two 一点五十五分， five past seven七点零五分
日期

2021年2月3日读作February the third, twenty twenty－one，写作February 3, 2021(美式)或3 February, 2021(英式)
年份
1830读作eighteen thirty, 2001读作two thousand and one
月份
January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December
星期
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday Saturday, Sunday
考点四　常见数词构成的短语

an eight­year­old boy＝ a boy aged 8 一个8岁的小男孩
three times as big as 是……的三倍大
in the 1980s (1980's) 在二十世纪八十年代
in his fifties 在他50多岁时
two dozen books 两打书
dozens of 许多
a score of cars 二十(几)辆汽车
scores of 许多
a hundred people 100个人
hundreds of 好几百
a second 又一，再一
the second 第二个
on second thoughts 转念一想
fortnight 两周
a quarter past two 两点十五分
a quarter to two 一点四十五分(差十五分到两点)
in the 21th century 在21世纪
two more books＝another two books 再多两本书
half an hour 半小时
two and a half years两年半
every other day 每隔一天
every few days 每隔几天
every three days＝every third day 每隔两天，每三天
second to none 首屈一指
an hour's ride 一小时的路程
ten to one 十之八九
nine times out of ten 十之八九
twos and threes 三三两两，零零星星
sixes and sevens 乱七八糟
考点五　表示“许多，大量；一些”的词和短语

特征
词语
备注
只修饰可数名词
a few, quite a few, many, a good many，a large number of,
dozens of, scores of， hundreds of, thou－sands of, millions of
作主语时，谓语动词用复数
只修饰不可数名词
a little, much， a great deal of, a large amount of
作主语时，谓语动词用单数
既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词
a lot of, lots of, plenty of
作主语时，谓语动词单复数形式根据名词来定
a large quantity of
作主语时，谓语动词单复数形式由后面的名词决定
large quantities of
作主语时，谓语动词用复数
【难点提示】
难点1：分数或者百分数作主语时，谓语动词单复数的判定。

难点2：当“a large quantity of＋名词”作主语及当“large quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词单复数的判定。
难点3：要正确区分“在某一年”与“在几十世纪几十年代”的表达。
【解题策略】
策略1：分数或者百分数作主语时，忽略分数和百分数本身，只看of后的名词所指代的内容，来确定谓语动词的单复数。
①One third of the apple is rotten.
这个苹果的三分之一坏了。
②One third of the apples are rotten.
这些苹果中的三分之一坏了。
策略2：“a large quantity of＋名词”作主语，谓语动词根据of后的名词来决定，名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词就用复数；名词是不可数名词，谓语动词就用单数。“large quantities of＋名词” 作主语，不用考虑名词是否可数，谓语动词一律用复数。
①Besides, a large quantity of mail bags were found.
此外，还发现了大量的邮包。
②Large quantities of water were wasted.
大量的水被浪费了。
策略3：表示“在某一年”用“介词in＋年份”；表示“在几十世纪几十年代”用“介词in＋定冠词the＋整十的复数形式”。
①In 1980, they went to college.
在1980年，他们去上大学了。
②In the 1980s, they were living a happy life.
在二十世纪八十年代，他们过着幸福的生活。

(2023·河南省九师联盟高三联考)In 2013, nearly a ________ (three) of its population was still living under the absolute poverty line.

1．(2023·重庆育才中学高三期中测试)The reason for that can date back to the ________ (one) half of the 1900s when reading from right to left was still the customary way in China.
2．(2023·江苏省南京市高三二模)Most Brits spend almost ________ (two) as much of their leisure time socializing with others as they do being alone.

1.（2023·全国甲卷 语法填空）Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 　　　　　　 (six) century, BC.
2．(2023·上海长宁高三二模)A couple in their ________ (seventy) living in London, UK can choose to play golf in council­run courses costing from ￡10 each time.
3．(2023·湖南省邵阳市武冈市高三期中考试)Water shortage is one of the greatest crises facing us today, with two ________ (three) of the global population living in areas where water is scarce (稀缺的) for a month or more every year.
4．A large quantity of water ________ (store) in the reservoir.
5．Two thirds of the region ________ (have) been deforested in the past decade.
6．(2022·福建省厦门市高三毕业班第二次质量检测)This year, Remila spent her ________ (five) Spring Festival aboard the carrier.
7．(2022·山东省滨州市高三二模)A woman in her ________ (sixty) told him her husband had died of cancer a week earlier.
8．(2023·河南省九师联盟高三联考)Climate science has been rapidly advancing in recent years, but the foundations were laid ________ (hundred) of years ago.
9．(2022·辽宁省鞍山市第一中学高三六模)In San Francisco, nearly $6.5 million ________ (spend) by landlords and service agencies each year on hoarding­related issues.
10．(2022·吉林省实验中学高三学期模拟考)The majority of the inhabitants (居民) left for the mainland in the early ________ (1990)．
11．(2023·福建省高三期中联考)There are still many trompe l'oeil houses in villages like Camogli, but only a few artists ________ (be) available to paint them.
12．(2023·四川省德阳市高三诊断)My parents frequently traveled for work, sometimes as far as Hainan Province when I was a child, and they used to return home every few ________ (month)．
能力提升
【2023·河南省安阳市TOP二十名校摸底】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
词数：216话题：中国文化——生肖
Chinese Zodiac (生肖) Story
According to the legend, the Jade Emperor(ruler of heaven) would like to measure time by twelve different animals. He told animals that he would hold a great race on his birthday, the prize of ____1____ was twelve positions on the Chinese zodiac calendar.
The cat asked the rat to help it sign up, ____2____ the rat forgot its promise, so the cat wasn’t included. Thereafter, the cat and rat were ____3____(enemy).
The ox was ____4____(original) first, but he was so kind that he agreed ____5____(carry) the little rat across the river. Just as they were about to reach ____6____ other side of the river, the rat jumped off the ox’s back and crossed the finish line ____7____(one). So, the rat became the top of the zodiac animals, and the ox had been tricked into the second place.
The 12 animal signs of the Chinese zodiac ____8____(divide) into 2 categories by Chinese philosophy—Yin and Yang Theory. Yin is receptive and feminine; while Yang is ____9____(act) and masculine (阳性的). It’s believed that odd (奇数的) numbers belong to yang and even numbers belong to yin.
The yin or the yang of the animal is defined based on the number of _____10_____(they) toes. The 12 animals are arranged in an alternating yin-yang sequence.