Listening-and-Speaking-分层训练(人教版2019必修第三册).docx

Unit 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES
Period 1 Listening & speaking

培优层级1——基础多维巩固

Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.Among his many v　　　　　　　 are courtesy, courage and loyalty. 
2.She faces the d　　　　　　　 of disobeying her father or losing the man she loves. 
3.F　　　　　　　 often have animals as the main characters so kids love reading them. 
4.She c　　　　　　　 to learn the violin in preference to the piano when she was six years old. 
5.If I were ever in a s　　　　　　　 like you, I think I would do it. 
6.The most valuable 　　　　　　　(道德) of mankind is loving motherland. 
7.I saw him 　　　　　　　(昏倒) in the office yesterday afternoon. 
8.He discovered some new and 　　　　　　　(无名的) plants in the deep forest. 
9.The cake is big enough to be divided into sixteen 　　　　　　　(部分). 
10.To give a 　　　　　　　(定义) of a word is more difficult than to give an example of its use. 
Ⅱ 单句填空
1.All the students should develop 　　　　　　　(moral), intellectually and physically. 
2.A moral dilemma is a situation 　　　　　　　which you have two or more difficult choices to make. 
3.He had great 　　　　　　　(eager) to join the army. 
4.In the passage 　　　　　　　(choose) by the translators, one theme is culture and history. 
5.I'm 　　　　　　　a dilemma about the job offer. 

6.He was depressed and in a 　　　　　　　(confuse) state of mind. 
7.Since you have enough time, why not 　　　　　　　(visit) the famous museum in this city? 
8.It's 　　　　　　　(danger) to jump to early conclusions. 
Ⅲ 短语填空
1.We 　　　　　　　　　　　　(渴望) hear the announcement of the winner of the race now. 
2.There are many others besides me who 　　　　　　　　　　　　(不同意) what you say. 
3.Though they managed to start the car in the beginning, yet they　　　　　　　　　　　　(陷入麻烦) soon. 
4.Caught 　　　　　　　　　　　　(陷入进退两难的境地) of whether to accept his valuable gift or not, she was really at a loss. 
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　(关注) your health is very important. 
6.If this project fails, it will affect 　　　　　　　　　our department, 　　　　　　　 the whole organization. (不仅……而且……) 
Ⅳ 补全句子
1.The British government was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　from the beginning. (dilemma) 
英国政府从一开始就左右为难。
2.Mary had recovered 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and was lying on the bed. (faint) 
玛丽已从昏迷中醒过来,躺在床上。
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he found many interesting things and experienced different cultures. (while) 
在欧洲旅行时,他发现了许多有趣的事情,体验了不同的文化。
4.I used to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　with my throat when the weather became cold in fall. (trouble) 
以前秋天天气变冷的时候,我的喉咙就会出问题。
5.The Americans and the British　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a large number of social customs.(not only…but also…) 
美国人和英国人不但说相同的语言,而且有很多相同的社会风俗。

答案：
Ⅰ.1.virtues　2.dilemma　3.Fables　4.chose　5.situation　6.moral　7.faint　8.nameless　9.portions　10.definition
Ⅱ.1. morally　2.in　3.eagerness　4.chosen　5.in　6.confused　7.visit　8.dangerous
Ⅲ.1.are eager to　2.disagree with　3.got in trouble　4.in a dilemma　5.Paying attention to　6.not only; but also
Ⅳ.1.in a dilemma　2.from her/the faint　3. While (he was) travelling in Europe　4.get into trouble　5.not only speak the same language but also share

培优层级2 ——多维训练提能
一、阅读理解
A
Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (宽宏大量的)；be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends always count on one another to speak and act honestly. Generosity  means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, or enjoy, like our hobbies and your interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve . Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly alike(相同). But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practice honesty. Generosity and understanding.
1．Some friendships don’t last very long because        .
A．there are too many people who want to make friends
B．they don’t know friendship is something serious
C．those who give others friendships receive friendships from others
D．those who never give others friendships receive no friendship from others
2．According to the passage , honesty is          .
A．as important as money B．more important than anything else
C．something countable D．the base of a friendship
3．Which of the following is NOT true in the passage?
A．A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.
B．Always tell your friend the truth.
C．Discussing your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem.
D．Sharing your mind with your friend is of great value.
4．The best title of this passage is        .
A．A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed B．Honesty Is the Best Habit
C．How to Be a Friend D．Three Important Points in Life
B
Have you ever noticed how Americans fill up their entire glass with ice and then pour their beverage(饮品) in, but Europeans take their drinks at room temperature? In the U.S., we’ve created fridges that give you cold ice at the press of a button, but in Britain they typically serve their tap water warm.
This tradition--if that’s what you want to call it--dates back to the 19th century. During that time, it was already commonplace for most American homes to have an ice box. Ice would be harvested in northern America or Canada and shipped across the Atlantic and sold at a high price in British department stores. Can you imagine heading to Macy’s to treat yourself to a block of ice?
Putting ice in your drink started to become somewhat of a fashion(时尚)trend for the wealthy in Britain. Some would put a few cubes in their champagne and sip on their chilled drinks at high-class parties. But, like with any fashion trend, it eventually faded, mainly because the ice was just too expensive. And even once ice boxes began appearing in homes in Britain as well, Brits never took a liking to ice in their drinks.
So, next time you travel overseas, don't feel offended(被冒犯) when your server gives you an eye roll when you ask for ice water.
5．Who has written the text?
A．A European B．An American
C．A Canadian D．An Asian.
6．Why do Europeans take their drinks at room temperature?
A．Because they have no fridges. B．Because they have warm taps.
C．Because they are accustomed to it. D．Because they can't afford ice.
7．What can we infer about Europeans?
A．They have ice boxes later than Americans.
B．They don't know where to get ice blocks.
C．Wealthy people like to have ice in their drinks.
D．Wealthy people always follow what Americans do.
8．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．Why Americans like icy drinks while Europeans don’ t.
B．When people overseas have icy drinks with their meals.
C．Where people can entertain themselves with icy drinks.
D．How Europeans and Americans make different beverage.

二、完形填空
A terrible fever made Anne Sullivan nearly lose her eyesight in her childhood, and the doctors said she was a hopelessly mad girl. She had been___9___in the basement of a mental hospital (精神病医院) in Boston. Sometimes, little Annie ___10___hit anyone who came near to her. She ignored everyone who appeared in front of her most of the time.
However, an old nurse believed that little Annie had hope. She went to___11___little Annie every day. The child ignored her in most cases, but the old nurse ___12___stopped seeing her every day in the basement. The kind-hearted lady left cookies for little Annie and spoke words full of encouragement to her. She believed that as long as she showed love, little Annie could get better. Finally, the doctors noticed the___13___in little Annie. They moved her upstairs and her condition continued___14___.Then her last day there came, and the child who seemed to be “___15___” went out of the locked door of the mental hospital.
After she grew up, Anne Sullivan hoped to help others, just as the kind old nurse helped her. She became the___16___of Helen Keller. She___17___her, trained her strictly and worked with her____18____she lit the candle that brought____19____to the whole world. Anne Sullivan____20____a miracle (奇迹) in the life of Helen Keller. But first it was a kind nurse who had full____21____in little Annie that turned a(n) ____22____ child into a great teacher.
If there had been no Anne Sullivan, the name of Helen Keller would not be____23____But if there hadn’t been a nurse who kept showing love, Anne Sullivan wouldn’t be known to the world, either.
9．A．hidden B．received C．locked D．found
10．A．angrily B．proudly C．warmly D．secretly
11．A．treat B．see C．promise D．miss
12．A．still B．already C．ever D．never
13．A．worries B．problems C．changes D．needs
14．A．worsening B．spreading C．increasing D．improving
15．A．active B．healthy C．hopeless D．useless
16．A．classmate B．teacher C．neighbor D．boss
17．A．laughed at B．waited for C．looked at D．cared for
18．A．if B．unless C．until D．because
19．A．time B．dream C．light D．power
20．A．created B．shared C．stopped D．expected
21．A．control B．shame C．pity D．confidence
22．A．stupid B．lazy C．funny D．unfriendly
23．A．called B．known C．left D．protected

参考答案：
1．D    2．D    3．A    4．C

【分析】这是一篇议论文阅读。文章主要讲了如何成为一个朋友，成为一位好朋友所需要遵守的三个黄金守则：诚实、宽宏大量和理解。
1．细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long.可知一些友谊不会持续很久是因为不付出友谊的人也不会收获别人的友谊，故选D。
2．细节理解题。答案定位在第二段Honesty is where a good friendship starts.可知诚实是友谊的基础故选D。
3．细节理解题。答案定位在第二段You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, or enjoy, like our hobbies and your interests.可知把他的午饭钱给你的人，未必是真正的朋友，故选A。
4．主旨大意题。答案定位在第一段Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (宽宏大量的)；be understanding.这是文章的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了如何成为一个朋友，成为一位好朋友所需要遵守的三个黄金守则：诚实、宽宏大量和理解，故选C。
5．B    6．C    7．A    8．A

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍欧洲和美国地区冰箱和用冰块的历史，解释了为什么现在美国人普遍喜欢饮用冰镇饮料，而欧洲人通常饮用常温饮料。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第二句“In the U.S., we’ve created fridges that give you cold ice at the press of a button, but in Britain they typically serve their tap water warm.”（在美国，我们已经发明了可以一键制冰的冰箱，但在英国，他们通常提供温暖的自来水。）这里在说美国是用了we，说英国是用了they，可推测作者应该是个美国人，故B项正确。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第二、三段大意，19世纪时期，大部分美国家庭已经拥有了早期的冰箱，北美地区的制冰业发展已相当成熟，并且把冰运往英国高价售卖。那时候的英国富人流行在饮料里加冰，但这种做法最终过时了，主要是由于冰太贵。即便后来英国家庭也都开始拥有了冰箱，英国人也没有再喜欢往饮料里加冰块。故欧洲人之所以喝常温饮料不是因为他们没有冰箱，不是因为他们有温热的自来水，也不是因为他们买不起冰，而是由于19世纪的经历，后来他们习惯了不加冰的饮料，即便有冰箱，也没再喜欢往饮料里加冰块，故C项正确。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Ice ….sold at a high price in British department stores.”以及第三段“And even once ice boxes began appearing in homes in Britain as well”可知，早期英国商店里有卖冰，后来英国家庭也拥有了冰箱，因此排除B项“他们不知道怎样获得冰块”；根据文章第三段“Putting ice in your drink started to become somewhat of a fashion(时尚)trend for the wealthy in Britain...But, like with any fashion trend, it eventually faded,”可知，英国有钱人往饮料里加冰的流行趋势后来也过时了，因此排除C项“有钱人喜欢在饮料里加冰”；文章中仅提到英国有钱人在19世纪也像美国人一样在饮料里加冰，并没有在其他方面说欧洲有钱人总学着美国人的做法，因此排除D项“有钱人总是学着美国人的做法”；根据文章第二、三段大意可知，19世纪时期，大部分美国家庭已经拥有了早期的冰箱，并且高价在英国售卖冰块，后来英国家庭才开始拥有冰箱，因此他们比美国人晚拥有冰箱，故A项正确。
8．主旨大意题。文章开头“Have you ever noticed how Americans fill up their entire glass with ice and then pour their beverage(饮品) in, but Europeans take their drinks at room temperature?（你有没有注意到美国人在整个玻璃杯里装满冰块，然后倒入饮料，但欧洲人喝常温饮料?”）该句点出主题，指出美国人喜欢冰镇饮料，而欧洲人不喜欢，接下来的二三段里，讲述了这一不同“传统”的由来，可知A项正确。

9．C    10．A    11．B    12．D    13．C    14．D    15．C    16．B    17．D    18．C    19．C    20．A    21．D    22．D    23．B

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述的是安妮·沙利文在一位老护士的帮助之下，从一位被锁在精神病医院地下室被医生认为是没有希望且不友好的女孩儿逐渐变好，成为海伦·凯勒的老师，并将其培养成人尽皆知的人的故事。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她被锁在波士顿一家精神病医院的地下室里。A. hidden隐藏；B. received收到；C. locked上锁；D. found发现。根据下文中的“Then her last day there came, and the child who seemed to be “___7___” went out of the locked door of the mental hospital.”可知，Anne Sullivan小时候是被锁在地下室里。故选C项。
10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时，小安妮会愤怒地打任何靠近她的人。A. angrily生气地；B. proudly骄傲地；C. warmly温暖地；D. secretly偷偷地。根据下文中的“She ignored everyone who appeared in front of her most of the time.”可知，little Annie无视别人的存在，所以此处是很愤怒地打经过她的人。故选A项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她每天都去看小安妮。A. treat对待，治疗；B. see看见；C. promise承诺；D. miss思念。根据上文中的“However, an old nurse believed that little Annie had hope”可知，这位老护士相信小安妮，所以是经常去探望她。故选B项。
12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，孩子都不理她，但老护士每天都在地下室看到她。A. still仍然；B. already已经；C. ever曾经；D. never从不。根据上文中“The child ignored her in most cases, but”的but可知，此处与空前句子为转折关系，由此可推断，尽管小安妮无视老护士，但老护士仍很坚持去看她。故选D项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 最后，医生们注意到了小安妮的变化。A. worries担忧；B. problems问题；C. changes改变；D. needs需要。根据上文中的“She believed that as long as she showed love, little Annie could get better.”可知，这位老护士相信只要给小安妮爱，她会变的更好，由此可知，此处表示小安妮有了一些变化。故选C项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们把她搬到楼上，她的病情继续好转。A. worsening使恶化；B. spreading传播；C. increasing增加；D. improving改善。根据上文中的“Finally, the doctors noticed the___5___in little Annie. They moved her upstairs and her condition continued”语境以及continued可知，此处表示的是小安妮的情况持续变好。故选D项。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后她在那里的最后一天到了，那个似乎“没有希望的”孩子走出了精神病院锁着的门。A. active活跃的；B. healthy健康的；C. hopeless绝望的；D. useless无用的。根据上文中的“A terrible fever made Anne Sullivan nearly lose her eyesight in her childhood, and the doctors said she was a hopelessly mad girl.”可知，此处表示那个曾经被医生认为是没有希望的疯孩子。故选C项。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她成了海伦·凯勒的老师。A. classmate同学；B. teacher教师；C. neighbor邻居；D. boss老板。结合常识和下文中的“She___9___her, trained her strictly and…”可知，安妮·沙利文是海伦·凯勒的老师。故选B项。
17．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她照顾她，严格训练她，并与她一起工作，直到她点燃了给海伦·凯勒的整个世界带来光明的蜡烛。A. laughed at嘲笑；B. waited for等待；C. looked at看；D. cared for喜欢，关心。根据上文中的“After she grew up, Anne Sullivan hoped to help others, just as the kind old nurse helped her.”可知，安妮·沙利文项老护士那样帮助她，所以此处表示的是她照顾海伦·凯勒。故选D项。
18．考查连词词义辨析。句意：她照顾她，严格训练她，并与她一起工作，直到她点燃了给海伦·凯勒的整个世界带来光明的蜡烛。A. if如果；B. unless除非；C. until直到……时候；D. because因为。结合句意和上下文语境可知，此处表示的是安妮·沙利文一直帮助海伦·凯勒，为她照亮整个世界。故选C项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她照顾她，严格训练她，并与她一起工作，直到她点燃了给海伦·凯勒的整个世界带来光明的蜡烛。A. time时间；B. dream梦想；C. light光；D. power力量。根据上文中的“…she lit the candle…”可知，蜡烛为别人照亮整个世界，给她带来光明。故选C项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：安妮·沙利文在海伦·凯勒的一生中创造了奇迹。A. created创造；B. shared分享；C. stopped停止；D. expected期望。根据下文中的“…a miracle (奇迹) in the life of Helen Keller.”可知，奇迹是“创造”出来的。故选A项。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但首先是一个善良的护士，她对小安妮充满信心，把一个不友好的孩子变成了一个伟大的老师。A. control控制；B. shame羞耻；C. pity可惜；D. confidence信心。根据上文中的“However, an old nurse believed that little Annie had hope.”可知，这位老护士相信小安妮她是很有希望的。故选D项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但首先是一个善良的护士，她对小安妮充满信心，把一个不友好的孩子变成了一个伟大的老师。A. stupid愚蠢的；B. lazy懒惰的；C. funny滑稽的；D. unfriendly不友好的。根据上文中的