第2课--必修一Unit2-高一英语上学期课后培优分级练(译林版2020)(原卷版).docx

第2课 必修一Unit2-2022-2023学年高一英语上学期课后培优分级练（译林版2020）（原卷版）

课后培优练级练

培优第一阶——基础过关练
单句语法填空
1.I can’t describe my 　　　　　(angry) in words. 
2.Take the medicine 　　　　　(regular) three times a day. 
3.The children had an 　　　　　(argue) about what game to play. 
4.What is the key to 　　　　　(solve) the problem? 
5.We want someone who can solve the computer problem 　　　　　
his own. 
6.I tell them that I’m 　　　　　(stress) about schoolwork,but neither of them show any concern. 
7.It is likely 　　　　　the matter has already been discussed on our forum.I think your parents are too strict with you. 
8.Right now,it’s just making you anxious and having a bad influence 　　　　　
your performance. 
9.When we’re at home,she keeps 　　　　　(press) me 　　　　　
(study) all the time. 
10.Everyone says that 　　　　　(young) is a time for adventure,but my parents disagree. 
11.Talks are likely 　　　　　(start) next Tuesday. 
12.Give Mary a call;she needs cheering 　　　　　. 
13.It was an impressive 　　　　　(perform) by the French team. 
14.People wanted to know who this talented 　　　　　(design) was. 
15.We are proud 　　　　　(say) this forum is the heart of our website. 
16.He was friendly but 　　　　　(guard),especially toward Arthur. 
17.Work out what situations or people make you feel 　　　　　(stress) and avoid them. 
18.I was 　　　　　(anxiety) about the children when they didn’t come back home from school. 
19.They were struggling 　　　　　(get) out of the broken car. 
20.He is a lovely boy,very gentle and 　　　　　(care). 
21.Everyone in the class seemed eager 　　　　　(learn). 
22.I am determined 　　　　　(give) my youth to the motherland. 
23.I took down a box and 　　　　　(lay) it carefully in front of Mama. 

判断下列句子含有哪类从句
1.When you see him,please say hello to him.

2.Is he the man who wants to see you?

3.I want to know what he has told us.

4.The fact is that we have lost the game.

5.What he wants to tell us is not clear.

6.While I agree with you,I can’t go with you.

7.He waited until I returned.

8.Where there is a will,there is a way.

9.I shall never forget the day when we moved into our new house.

10.He hid his storybook so that his teacher couldn’t find it.

培优第二阶——拓展培优练
●语法填空、七选五、阅读理解训练
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people think that English writing is difficult. ___36___ Here are some great writing tips that will help you improve your writing in a short time.
Don’t ramble (长篇大论). This is a very common mistake made by people who have poor writing skills. When they ramble, they are not paying attention to grammar. As a result, their sentences become very long. ___37___ If you know you have poor grammar, use short sentences.
___38___ Think about each sentence carefully to make sure that it is correct before moving on. It’s better to write a short passage that is easy to read and mistake-free than to write a long article that is filled with grammar mistakes.
Increase your vocabulary. If you don’t have a large vocabulary, you will find it difficult to write as you can’t find right words to express yourself clearly. The solution to this problem is to increase your vocabulary. ___39___ You can do this by reading the local newspapers daily, borrowing books from the library or watching English programs.
Don’t write when you are tired. Tiredness can lead to nothing to write. If you find yourself looking at a blank piece of paper with nothing to write, don’t just sit there! Take a walk or a warm shower, or simply lie down to get some rest. ___40___ You’ll find that you’ll enjoy your writing a lot more and make fewer mistakes!
A. Find out the mistakes you’ve made.
B. Make sure your sentences are correct.
C. You can pick up new words almost anywhere.
D. Write what interests you most in the beginning.
E. As a result, they may give up after trying hard for a while.
F. The longer the sentences are, the more mistakes they’ll make.
G. When your mind is relaxed, you should go back to your writing.

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A great fire has destroyed the old cathedral(大教堂)of Notre Dame(巴黎圣母院) in Paris, one of France’ s 56. ________(famous) landmarks. Thousands of people gathered in the streets around the cathedral, watching the flames in silence. Some of them could be seen crying. Watching such a famous old building 57. ________(destroy) is extremely 58. ________ (shock) to any French person. No other site represents France like Notre Dame Cathedral, 59. __ receives almost 13 million visitors each year, more than the Eiffel Tower. The Eiffel Tower, is little more than a century old while Notre Dame Cathedral 60. ________ (stand) tall above Paris since the 1200s. It has given 61. ________ (it) name to one of the country’s literary masterpieces. Victor Hugo’s The Hunchback of Notre Dame(《钟楼怪人》)is known 62.________the French simply as Notre Dame de Paris. The three large rose windows have been destroyed 63. ________ the fire. Fortunately, the main structure, 64. ________(include) the two bell towers, has been saved. Also the most 65. _______value) cultural relics have survived.

●写作训练
假定你是李华。你在肯尼亚的网友Chris擅长长跑，请你用英语给他写封邮件，建议他来中国参加马控松(marathon)比赛。内容包括
1. 写信原因:
2. 你的建议:
3. 你能帮他做什么。
注意:
1. 词数100左右:
2. 可话当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

培优第三阶——高考沙场点兵
（2022·新高考全国I卷）
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
21. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article.
22. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
23. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?
A. You will receive a zero. B. You will lose a letter grade.
C. You will be given a test. D. You will have to rewrite it.

B
Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.
24. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?
A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times.
C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food.
25. What is a consequence of food waste according to the test?
A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm.
C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.
26. What does Curtin’s company do?
A. It produces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C. It helps local farmers grow fruits. D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.
27. What does Curtin suggest people do?
A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption.
C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often.

C
The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing, It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. ”
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
28. What is the purpose of the project?
A. To ensure harmony in care homes. B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C. To raise money for medical research. D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?
A. She has learned new life skills. B. She has gained a sense of achievement.
C. She has recovered her memory. D. She has developed a strong personality.
30. What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7?
A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate.
31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?
A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results.
D
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. ”The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,“ said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
32. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on?
A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development.
33. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?
A. They ha