专题02-有提示词之给出形容词或副词(解析版).docx

专题02-有提示词之给出形容词或副词
[技法指导]
考点1　考查形容词或副词的词性转换
当给出的提示词是形容词或副词时,一般是考查形容词或副词的词性转换,即变成副词形式,或考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。作表语、定语或补语,通常用形容词形式。修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式。
[示例 1](2021·新高考I卷)It will______ (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
[分析] 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作状语,修饰动词 help,所以用副词形式。故填
undoubtedly。
[示例2](2021·全国乙卷)Provide ________(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.
[分析] 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作定语,修饰名词 aid,故使用其形容词形式。
考点2　考查形容词或副词的比较等级
1.平级比较的两个基本句式
(1)as+形容词(副词)原级+as ...“和……一样”。
not as/so+形容词(副词)原级+as...“不如……”。
(2)as+形容词原级十a(n)+n.十as...“和……一样”。
2.比较级常考查的四种情况
(1)句中含有“than ...”结构用比较级。
(2)句中虽然没有“than...”结构,但暗含比较的意味，也用比较级。
(3)表示“越……,就越……”用“the十比较级...，the十比较级...”结构。
(4)常放在比较级前面用来修饰比较级的词和短语有 muchfar,still,even, rather, a little, a bit, a lot, a great i deal 及数字、倍数等。
[示例1](2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing : about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the i59 (hot) the spring!
[分析] 考查形容词比较级。句中使用了“the十比较;级...,the+比较级 ...”结构,意为“越……,就越……”。故填hotter。
[示例2](2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ______(good) than to ride on a piece of history!
[分析] 考查形容词的比较级。根据空后的 than 可知，空处应用 good 的比较级。
3.最高级的两个考查角度
(1)表示三者或三者以上作比较或比较对象数量不明时常使用最高级;
(2)否定词与比较级连用可以表示最高级意义。
[示例](2020·全国卷Ⅲ)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their_______(fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
[分析] 句意:一天,皇帝想要找人为他画一幅画像,于是皇帝召集所有的知名画家,并让他们呈上他们最好的作品,以便自己能从中挑选出最好的一幅画。根据空前的 all great artists 和空后的 choose the best 并结合句意可知,此处表示最高级含义,故填 finest。
〖精练细做50题〗
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ____ (long) than non­runners.
【答案】higher
【解析】句意：据一本健康期刊的证据摘要所说，跑步的人比不跑步的人多活三年。由比较连词than可知，应用比较级。
2. （2018全国III）That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the  __________ (loud) of all.
【答案】loudest
【解析】句意：那使婴儿尖叫起来，接着一个体重400磅的男人出现了。他尖叫声最大。由of all及空格前的定冠词the可知，应用最高级。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
答案：worse　
【解析】根据语意及空前的even可知此处表示程度的加深，意为“更为糟糕的是”，故应填其比较级。
4．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)As the small boat moved 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
答案：gently　
【解析】此处修饰动词move应用副词gently，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
5．（2018浙江）There could be an even  __________ (high) cost on your health.
【答案】higher
【解析】句意：你的健康可能会承受更高的代价。这里作定语，修饰名词cost，由句意及程度副词 even可知，应用比较级。
6． （2016全国II）If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of __________ (great) and less importance.
【答案】greater
【解析】句意：如果你由于工作的责任而感到有压力，你就应该退一步弄清楚哪些更重要，哪些不那么重要。这里作定语，应用形容词；由less可知，应用比较级。
7. (2019全国I)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been __________ (poor) studied.
【答案】poorly
【解析】句意：很难弄清北极熊在全球的数量，因为北极熊活动的大部分区域都没有进行仔细研究。修饰谓语has been studied，应用副词作状语，故填入形容词poor的副词形式poorly。
8. (2019全国II) Her years of hard work have ____________ （final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
【答案】fianlly
【解析】句意：在一个顾客提名她为切斯特年度最佳妇女后，她多年的努力最终得到了回报。这里作状语，修饰谓语动词，故用副词。final的副词形式是finally。
9. (2019全国III)They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were   _________   (huge) popular with tourists.
【答案】hugely
【解析】句意：他们还和我们分享了很多有关夏威夷的故事，游客们非常喜欢夏威夷。形式形容词popular，用副词，故填hugely。
10. (2019浙江)When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ________ (easy) see them.
【答案】easlily
【解析】句意：当孩子们在黑暗的黎明走路或骑车去上学的时候，轿车司机能很容易看见他们。修饰动词，应用副词，故填入easily。
11. （2018全国II）A taste for meat is ___________ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
【答案】actually
【解析】句意：人们对于大肉的喜爱实际上是这种变化的幕后推手：很重要的一部分玉米用来喂鸡，猪和牛。这里作状语，修饰谓语动词is，应用副词。actual的副词形式是actually。
12. （2017全国II）Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been _________ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
【答案】fairly
【解析】句意：用蒸汽机来牵引车厢，对乘客来说，蒸汽机放出的黑烟和发出的噪音一定很不舒服。这里作状语，修饰形容词unpleasant，应用副词。fair的副词形式是fairly。
13. （2017全国III） It is  _________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.
【答案】certainly
【解析】句意：这当然很有趣了，但是这种生活方式有点不真实。这里作状语，修饰谓语动词is，应用副词。certain的副词形式是certaily。
14. （2016全国I）The title will be __________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
【答案】officially
解析】句意：这一职务将在伦敦一个仪式上授予我。这里作状语，修饰谓语will be given，应用副词。official的副词形式是officially。
15. （2016全国II）Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks __________ (regular).
【答案】regularly
【解析】句意：最新研究表明，如果我们工作的时候有规律地休息一会，我们的工作效率会更高。这里作状语，修饰谓语take，应用副词。regular的副词形式是regularly。
16. （2016全国III）Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which  __________ (gradual) turned into chopsticks.
【答案】gradually
【解析】句意：小块的食物容易用树枝加着吃，这些树枝慢慢地就变成了筷子。修饰谓语turned，应用副词。gradual的副词形式是gradually。
17. （2015全国II）In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ________ (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.
【答案】ability
【解析】句意：除了朴素的美，土坯房的绝妙之处还在于它们具有不用电器来调节房子气温的能力。空格前有物主代词their，应用名词。故填入able的名词形式ability。
18. (2019全国I)Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are _________ (high) than they actually are.
【答案】higher
【解析】句意：科学家根据记录回应称，饥饿的北极熊可能会聚集在人类居住区周围，使我们产生一种错觉，那就是北极熊的数量比要实际多。由比较连词than可知，应用比较级，故填入形容词high的比较级形式higher。
19. （2014全国I）Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is  __________ (clean) than ever.
【答案】cleaner
【解析】句意：终于，艰苦的努力获得了回报，现在河里的水比以前任何时候都干净。这里作表语，应用形容词；由比较连词than可知，应用比较级。
20. (2017浙江) Sixteen years _______ (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.
【答案】earlier
【解析】句意：早在十六年前，摘下钻石戒指准备做饭。… years earlier意为“在……年前”。故填比较级。
21.（2015全国I）Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it  __________ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
【答案】regularly
【解析】句意：香港一家旅游公司Abercrombie & Kent说，它为居住在上海和香港的人们定期安排来这（阳朔）的快速自助游。修饰谓语arranges，应用副词。
22. （2015全国II）Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat  __________ (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house.
【答案】slowly
【解析】句意：土坯砌的墙在热天从太阳吸入热量，在凉爽的夜晚又慢慢地放出，这样就使房子暖和起来。修饰谓语give out，应用副词。
23. （2014全国I）The river was so polluted that it  __________ (actual) caught fire and burned.
答案】actually
【解析】句意：河污染地如此严重以致于着火燃烧起来。修饰谓语caught，应用副词。24. （2014全国II）And the passengers  __________（sudden） became friendly to one another . 
【答案】suddenly
【解析】句意：乘客们突然彼此友好起来。修饰谓语became，应用副词。
25. His hard work and strong mind led to his ___________ (successful).
【答案】success
【解析】句意：他的艰苦努力和坚强意志使他走向成功。前有物主代词his，应用名词；successful的名词形式是success。
26. I was very tired, but my heart was flying much ___________ (high) than the swings.
【答案】higher
【解析】句意：我累了，但是我的心比秋千飞得更高。由比较连词than可知，应用比较级。
27. One afternoon, while he was working in the field, __________ (sudden) he heard a woman crying for help.
【答案】suddenly
【解析】句意：一天下午，他正在地里干活，突然听到一个女人呼救。作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词。
28. The teacher often showed his paintings to the class and was ___________ (great) encouraged.
【答案】greatly
【解析】句意：老师经常把他的画让全班同学看，他受到了极大的鼓舞。作状语修饰谓语动词was encouraged，应用副词。
29. Nothing can make him ___________ (happy) than playing with his little daughter in his free time.
【答案】happier
【解析】句意：没有什么能比在闲暇时间和小女儿一块玩使他更开心的了。由比较连词than可知，应用比较级。happy的比较级是happier。
30. What exactly is global warming, and why is it seen as a ____________ (dangerous)?
【答案】danger
【解析】句意：全球变暖究竟是什么？为什么被认为是一种危险？由不定冠词a可知，应用名词形式。dangerous的名词形式是danger。
31．(2021·烟台市高考诊断性测试)So if you are passionate about something，stick to it and through hard work，you ________(true)can make your dream come true.
【答案】truly
【解析】考查词性转换。此处用副词修饰谓语动词。
32．(2020·合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测)Unfortunately，coral species are being ________(severe)threatened，many of which have been destroyed by pollution，overfishing practices，and other impacts over the past centuries.
【答案】severely
【解析】考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰过去分词threatened，应用副词形式，所以填severely。
33．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像)done so he called all great artists to come and present their ________(fine)work，so that he could choose the best.
【答案】 finest
【解析】 考查形容词最高级。根据句意可知，皇帝命令所有知名画家献上他们最好的作品。
34．(2020·浙江卷1月)The first is declining birth rates，which means old generations are large compared to younger generations，and so，on average，the population becomes ________(old)than before.
【答案】　older
【解析】　考查形容词比较级。结合句意及下文的than before可知，这里意为“比以前更加年老”，故填older。
35.（2021·陕西·模拟预测）She is still___________(finance) dependent on her parents.（所给词的正确形式填空）
【答案】 financially
【解析】考查副词。句意：她的经济仍依赖于她的父母。副词financially修饰形容词dependent，故填financially。
36．（2021·陕西·模拟预测）_________(expect) as she had appeared, not one of them felt that she was an intruder at all.
【答案】Unexpectedly
【详解】考查副词。句意：虽然她的出现出乎意料，但他们没有一个人觉得她是入侵者。分析句子结构可知，“______(expect) as she had appeared”是as引导的让步状语从句的倒装，as引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管；虽然”，应用倒装，须将表语，状语或者动词原形提到as前面，其结构为“形容词/副词/（不带冠词的）名词/动词原形+as+主语+谓语”，根据句意可知，此处表示“出乎意料地”，应用副词unexpectedly，修饰动词appeared(出现)，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Unexpectedly。
37．（2017·陕西·西安市长安区第五中学三模）Try to describe all the things in an_______ (organize) way.
【答案】organized
【详解】考查形容词。句意：试着用一种有条理的方式来描述所有的事情。organized/organised“有条理的”修饰名词way。故填organized/organised。
38．（2017·陕西·西安市长安区第五中学三模）When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said that he found it very interesting and______(reward).
【答案】rewarding
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当被问及他对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得这很有趣，也很有价值。rewarding用作形容词“有价值的”，在句中作宾语补足语，故填rewarding。
39．（2019·四川·一模）Trains are _________ (rely), cheap and best for long-distance journeys.
【答案】reliable
【详解】考查形容词作表语。分析句子可知，动词rely在句中作表语，作表语要用形容词，故用其形容词reliable。
40．（广东省2022-2023学年上学期期中考试英语试题）Many students with a large amount of pocket money may not know how to use it ________ (appropriate).
【答案】appropriately
【详解】考查副词。句意：很多有大量零花钱的学生可能不知道如何正确使用钱。副词appropriately修饰动词use。故填appropriately。
41．（2022·江苏宿迁·高三期中）Most ________ (importance), your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential.
【答案】importantly
【详解】考查副词。句意：最重要的是，你在高中阶段度过的时光和付出的努力将打开你的潜力之门。空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故填importantly。
42．（2022·江苏·南京市江宁高级中学练习）It is ________(normal) for teenagers to sleep only six hours every day.
【答案】abnormal
【详解】考查形容词。句意：青少年每天只睡6个小时是不正常的。空格处用形容词作表语，由“teenagers to sleep only six hours every day”可知，青少年每天只睡6个小时是不正常的，空格处意为“不正常的”，形容词是abnormal，故填abnormal。
43． If you don’t adapt yourself to study in senior high school and spare no effort to work hard you are ________(likely) to pass the final examination.
【答案】unlikely
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你不使自己适应高中的学习并且不遗余力地努力学习，你就不太可能通过期末考试。设空处在句中作表语，根据句意可知所给词likely的反义词unlikely意为“不大可能的”符合句意。故填unlikely。
44． Worried all the time, I was unable to keep_____(focus) for more than an hour at a time.【答案】focused
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于一直担心，我无法一次集中精力超过一个小时。空处应填形容词作表语，focused“专注的”符合题意，keep focused“保持专注”。故填focused。
45． Her curiosity turned into a_______ (confuse) look on her face when a stranger waved and shouted at her repeatedly.
【答案】confused
【详解】考查形容词作定语。句意：当一个陌生人不停地向她招手和喊叫时，她的好奇心变成了脸上困惑的表情。句子分析可知设空处在句中作定语，修饰人的表情，指“感到困惑的”应用confused。故填confused。
46． The next moment she ran to the bell and rang it __ (energetic).
【答案】energetically
【详解】考查副词。句意：接着，她跑到门铃前，使劲地按响了。修饰动词ring应用副词energetically，作状语。故填energetically。
47． Smart homes can warn you early on if there is something ________. (normal)
【答案】abnormal
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果有异常情况，智能家居可以提前提醒您。根据句意和前文提示warn you early，空处应表示“异常的”含义，所以要填形容词normal的反义词即形容词abnormal，表示“异常的”，修饰不定代词something，作后置定语。故填abnormal。
48． I can think of nothing ________(good) than a nice cold beer on a hot summer afternoon.
【答案】better
【详解】考查比较级。句意：我想不出什么比在炎热的夏日下午喝一杯冰凉的啤酒更好的了。结合句意和than可知，此处用比较级，表示“更好的”，且否定词nothing＋比较级，可以表示最高级含义，故填better。
49． They will be ________(slight) more expensive but they last a lot longer.
【答案】slightly
【详解】考查副词。句意：它们稍微有点贵但是它们更持久。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查副词修饰形容词比较级结构more expensive。故填slightly。
50． The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project had been finished by the students_____ (independent).
【答案】independently
【详解】考查副词。句意：教授高兴地发现这个项目的2/3已经被学生们独立地完成了。空格处是状语，修饰动词finished，因此要用副词。故填independently。