3-1-Topic-Talk-&-Spring-Festival(北师大版2019必修第一册).docx

Unit 3 CELEBRATIONS

Lesson 1 Spring Festival & Topic Talk

目标导航

重点单词
1. barbecue n.
2. lantern n.
3. pudding n.
4. turkey n.
5. gathering n.
6. monster n.
7. wine n.
8. firecracker n.
9. buzz vi.
10. hotpot n.
11. throughout prep.
12. n. (正餐以外的)小吃,点心
13. n.航班
14. n.口音
15. n.重要的社交活动;时刻,时候→ adj.偶尔的→ adv.偶尔
重点短语
1．____________　　　　　 张贴
2．_________ 倒置地，颠倒地
3． 使某物爆炸
4. 里面朝外地
4．on occasion　　 　____________
5．lunar month ____________
6．sweep away ____________
【答案】
重点单词
1. barbecue n. 烧烤野餐
2. lantern n. 灯笼，提灯
3. pudding n. 布丁，甜食，甜点心
4. turkey n. 火鸡
5. gathering n. 聚会
6. monster n. 怪兽，怪物
7. wine n. 葡萄酒
8. firecracker n. 鞭炮，炮竹
9. buzz vi. 闹哄哄，喧闹
10. hotpot n. 火锅
11. throughout prep. 在整个期间，自始至终
12. snack n. (正餐以外的)小吃,点心
13. flight n.航班
14. accent n.口音
15. occasion n.重要的社交活动;时刻,时候→occasional adj.偶尔的→occasionally adv.偶尔
重点短语
1．put up 张贴
2．upside down 倒置地，颠倒地
3．let off 使某物爆炸
4. inside out 里面朝外地
4．on occasion　　 偶尔
5．lunar month 阴历月，农历月
知识精讲

知识点01 重点词汇
1.account
用法详解
(1)n.账户；账目；报告；描述；解释；说明；老客户。
常见搭配：
on no account决不（置于句首，用部分倒装）
on account 记账
I deposit account存款账户
She gave an accurate account of the case.她对事故做了准确的描述。
The agency has lost several of its most important accounts.这家代理机构失去了几家最重要的老客户。
(2)v.解释；导致；报账；把……视为；归替（于）。
常见搭配：account for解释
He has been asked to account for his conduct.他被要求对他的行为做出解释。
单句写作
(1)他的解释自相矛盾。
His___________________________ contradicted itself.
(2)请解释此次事故的结果。
Please account_________________________ the result of the accident.
(3)史密斯先生决不会偷你的项链的。
_____________ ___________ __________ will Mr Smith steal your necklace.
【答案】 (1) account (2) for (3) On no account
2.spend
It was my first time spending Spring Festival in China with my host family.
这是我第一次在中国和我的寄宿家庭过春节。
用法详解
spend v.度过，花（时间）;花费；花（钱）。
常见搭配：
spend time/money on sth.在某物上花费时间/金钱
spend time(in)doing sth.花费时间做某事
spend time with sb.和某人一起度过某段时间
I spent two hours on this maths problem.
我花了两个小时在这道数学题上。
They spent two years building this bridge.
他们花了两年时间建这座桥
He spent all his savings on a new car.他将全部积蓄花在一辆新车上。
单句语法填空
(1) Both of us were excited to see each other and we spent the whole afternoon_________________________ (talk)
about things and persons that we remembered at school.
(2) Girls tend to spend too much money_________________________ various fashionable clothes.
(3) I spent my childhood _________________________my grandfather when I was little.
【答案】(1) talking (2)on (3) with
3.character
用法详解
(1)n.[C]文字；符号；角色，人物。常见搭配：
Chinese characters 汉字
a major/leading character 主角
The Chinese character Fu means good fortune, especially when hung upside down.
汉字“福”意味着好运，尤其是倒挂着的时候。
Xu Zheng plays a leading character in the film Dying to Survice.徐峰在电影《我不是药神》中扮演主角。
(2)n.[C,usually sing.]特性，品质，性格；[U]勇气，毅力
showed great character after the earthquake took place.
地震发生后，这个小男孩表现出了顽强的毅力。
语境串记
He described the character of the character he played with two Chinese characters.
他用两个汉字描述了他所扮演的角色的性格。
判断下列句子中 character 的含义
(1) Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's stories about Sherlock Holmes are famous, but the most successful writer of crime novels was Agatha Christie. Her best-loved character was Hercule Poirot.
(2) Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
(3) Winter swimming should be encouraged because it is beneficial to one's character.
【答案】(1)人物，角色 (2)文字 (3)品质，性格
4. attach
用法详解
(1)u.把……固定（在……上）,把……附（在……上）。
常见搭配：
attach...to...把……系在……，把……附在……上（to为介词）
He will attach the label to your luggage.他会把标签贴在你的行李上。
They have attached a number of conditions to the agreement.他们已经在协议上附加了许多条件。
(2)vt.认为有重要性（或意义、价值、分量等）,重视。
常见搭配：attach (great/ little) importance/ value/ weight/ significance to...... ...
(很/几乎没）有重要性/价值/分量/意义（to为介词）
Our government attaches much importance to education now, which enables so many people to be well educated.我们的政府现在非常重视教育，使许多人能够受到良好的教育。
归纳拓展
attached adj.爱慕，依恋；附属于
be attached to... 附属于……；依恋/爱慕......
attachment n.附属物，附件；爱慕，依恋
单句语法填空
(1) She attached a stamp _________________________the envelope and mailed it.
(2) My younger brother is studying in a high____________________ (attach) to Renmin University
school of China.
(3) Some people's__________________________ (attach) to their smartphones is unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others.
(4) Whenever my parents talk with me, they always attach great importance_____________ how necessary it is for us young people_________________________ (rely) on ourselves both in work and in life.
【答案】(1)to (2) attached (3) attachment (4) to; to rely
5.scare
用法详解
scare v.吓唬，其过去分词为scared,用作形容词时相当于frightened,意为“害怕的，惊慌的”，比afraid程度强。常见搭配：
be scared of+ n.
be scared (of)+ doing
be scared to do
Don't be scared of him.不要怕他。
归纳拓展
scare的同义词是frighten,意为“使惊吓”。scare与away或off连用意为“把……吓跑”；与out或up连用意为“把……吓出来”。
He scared away the birds.他把那些鸟吓跑了。
6.decoration
When I was a kid, Spring Festival was all about firecrackers, sweets and decorations.
当我还是个孩子的时候，春节无非就是关于鞭炮、糖果以及装饰。
用法详解
decoration n.装饰
That cupboard is used for decoration.那个橱柜是用来装饰的。
归纳拓展
decorate v.装饰；点缀，装点
decorate sth. with...用……来装饰某物
The room is decorated with flowers and balloons.这个房间用花和气球来装饰。
语境串记
The Christmas tree is the most typical Christmas decoration, and people will decorate the Christmas tree with gifts and lights.圣诞节里最典型的装饰是圣诞树，人们会用礼物和灯来装饰圣诞树。
单句语法填空
(1) The room was decorated ____________________________pictures of animals.
(2)With a 3-D printer, a cook can print complicated(复杂的）chocolate sculptures(雕塑）and beautiful pieces for __________________________ (decorate) on a wedding cake.
【答案】(1)with (2)decoration
知识点02 重点句型
e to an end
用法详解
come to an end 完结，终结。 come to an end为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。
The meeting came to an end at last.会议终于结束了。
All good things must come to an end.天下没有不散的筹席。
归纳拓展
at an end 完毕，终结（通常做表语）
in the end最后（=finally,通常做状语）
at the end of..在……末端；在……尽头
by the end of到……时为止（通常与完成时连用）
bring...to an end使……终止（=put an end to...)
make ends meet 使收支相抵；勉强维持生计
1.完成句子
With the work done, his stay in England__________________________ (结束了）.He was thinking about going home.
2.单句语法填空
(1) The phone put an end___________________________ door-to-door sales, and telemarketing(电话推销）was born.
(2) __________________________ the end, the headmaster rose to indicate that the conversation was at end.
(3) __________________________the end of last year, my husband and I had settled in a house with an ocean view in New Zealand.
【答案】1. come to an end
2.(1)to(2)In;an (3)By
8.at peace
用法详解
at peace和平的，平静的，和睦的。常见搭配：
be at peace with...与……和平相处
Remember to be at peace with your classmates.
记得要和你的同学们和平相处。
归纳拓展
peaceful adj.和平的，宁静的
peacefully adv.平静地，和平地
peace-loving adj.爱好和平的
in peace和平地，不受打扰地，安宁地
单句语法填空
(1) Exercise energizes(使充满活力）you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a___________________________ (peace) sleep when you are very excited.
(2) The Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side__________________________ peace.
【答案】(1) peaceful (2) in
9. put up
用法详解
put up 建造；张贴提高；提出；投宿
A temple is being put up in the mountain.这座山上正在建一座寺庙。
put up中的up为副词，当宾语为代词时，需放在put与up之间。
归纳拓展
put up with忍受，容忍
put down放下；记下；镇压
put forward 提出；将……提前
put off 推迟
put on穿上；上演
put out 扑灭
put back 将……放回
Gradually, the teenagers couldn't put up with this kind of food. They want a change.
渐渐地，青少年们无法忍受这种食物了。他们想要改变一下。
1.单句语法填空
(1) So many buildings have been put __________________________these years, but the house prices have never gone down.
(2) We put __________________________our tent and began to sleep in it, but I really couldn't put up the heat in the tent.
2.用put的相关短语填空
(1)）We__________________________ a sign at the park entrance to tell people to protect the trees and flowers.
(2) You'd better ___________________________what the teacher said before you forget it.
(3) She decided to find another work, for she couldn't __________________________this loud noise any more
1.(1)up （2）put down (3)up ; with
10.be up to
用法详解
be up to是固定搭配，其中to是介词。具体用法如下：
(1)计划，企图；做，从事。常见搭配：
be up to doing sth.计划做某事
What's sb.up to?某人在忙什么？(一般指做不好的事）
I am up to going to the cinema tonight.今天晚上我计划去看电影。
The children are very quiet. I wonder what they are up to.孩子们很安静我想知道他们在搞什么鬼。
(2)是……的职责（或责任）;由……决定。常见搭配：
It's up to sb. to do sth. 由某人决定做某事。
It's up to sb.+ whether+句子 是否……由某人决定。
It's up to you.(交际用语）你决定吧。
It's up to you to lead what kind of life in the future.你将来过怎样的生决于你自己。
(3)胜任（工作等）,有资格做
My German isn't up to translating that letter.我的德语还不足以翻译那封12
1.判断下列句子中be up to的含义
(1) It is up to you whether we accept the present or not. __________________________
(2) But removing staff who are not up to the job is a difficult issue for the leaders. __________________________
(3) I always suspected that he was up to no good. __________________________
2.完成句子
— Shall we go to a movie or stay at home this weekend?
——Either one will do. __________________________ (由你决定）.
【答案】1.(1)由……决定 (2)胜任 (3)做，从事
2. It's up to you
11.upside down
It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.人们相信将“福”字倒着贴，福就会到来。
用法详解
upside down 颠倒；倒转；翻转。常见搭配
tum...upside down 把……翻得乱七八糟；给（某人的生活）造成大的变化（或混乱）
During the Spring Festival, Chinese people like hanging the character Fu upside down, which means the arrival of luck.春节期间，中国人喜欢将“福”字倒过来挂，这意味着福气的到来。
归纳拓展
inside out彻底地，里面朝外地
up and down上下波动；上上下下
(1) The robbers__________________________（翻得乱七八糟）to look for the owner's valuable items(贵重物品）.
【答案】 turned the house upside down
知识点02 重点句式
12. What's important is who we eat it with.重要的是我们和谁一起吃。
句式剖析
What引导主语从句，在主语从句中既做连接词，又做主语；who引导表语从句，在从句中做with的宾语。
考点提炼
what引导主语从句
what 引导主语从句时既有一定的含义，又起连接作用，常在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
What is worth doing is worth doing well.凡是值得做的事就值得把它做好。（what在主语从句中做主语）
What I believe is that he will achieve success sooner or later.我相信他迟早会成功的。（what在主语从句中做宾语）
What the kind man's name is remains unknown to us.那位好心人叫什么名字我们仍然不知道。（what在主语从句中做表语）
1.选词填空（what/that/which)
(1) __________________________ I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past.
(2)___________________________ he could come to help us made us very happy.
2.单句语法填空
(1)_________________________is known to everybody is that Taiwan is part of China.
(2) ____________________________made his father angry was that he lied rather than made mistakes.
【答案】1. (1) What (2) That
2. (1) What (2) What
13.Every year,the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents...
每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围……
句式剖析
本句为主从复合句，the moment引导时间状语从句，“I am surround by Shanxi accents"为主句。
考点提炼
the moment 引导时间状语从句
the moment引导时间状语从句，表示“……就……”。
The moment I get to Shanghai,I'll write to you.我一到上海，就给你写
归纳拓展
“……就……”的其他表达：
hardly/ scarcely ... when ...
no sooner ... than ...
immediately/directly/instantly/once+句子
the moment/the instant/the minute+句子
upon/on+ n. /v. -ing
as soon as+句子
特别提醒
①the moment,the instant等是名词短语做连词，用来引导一个时间状语从句时不能再用when。
②在“no sooner...than...”和“hardly/scarcely...when...”句型中，主句应用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当no sooner/hardly/scarcely 位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装结构。
一句多译
一听到那个令人兴奋的消息，她就高兴得跳了起来。
(1) __________________________ she heard the exciting news, she jumped with joy.
(2) __________________________she heard the exciting news, she jumped with joy.
(3) __________________________the exciting news, she jumped with joy.
(4) __________________________she heard the exciting news, she jumped with joy.
(5) __________________________had she heard the exciting news, she jumped with joy.
【答案】(1) Immediately/ Instantly/ Directly/ Once
(2) The moment/ instant/ minute
(3) On/ Upon hearing
(4) As soon as
(5) Hardly/ Scarcely; when
分层提分

题组A 基础过关练
1.单词拼写
1. At the wedding, he sang a song specially written for the o_________________________ (场合）.
2. The directors received letters of___________ (祝贺）after the film My People My Homeland was widely praised.
3. Any child who wants to play the game must be accompanied by a(n)_ _________________________ (成人）.
4. _________________________ (龙）, in China, are a symbol of power and authority, while in western countries they represent evil and violence.
5. Children in Britain and the US are busy making pumpkin_________________________ (灯笼） and designing scary
clothes this week in preparation for Hallowmas(庆祝万圣节的盛会）on Friday.
6. Have you planned what to do on _______(阴历的)New Year's Eve?
7. Fireworks have long been an American t_________________________ on the Fourth of July.
8. Our school held an online g_________________________ ceremony in July because of the spread of the disease.
9. The students d_________________________ the classroom with flowers to welcome the new term with COVID-19 under control in China this September.
【答案】1. occasion 2. congratulation 3. adult 4. Dragons 5. Lanterns 6. lunar 7. tradition 8. graduation 9. decorated
题组B 能力提升练
A
Unsolved Mysteries About the Planet Earth
Mystery 1: Where did water come from?
Water covers more than 70 percent of the Earth's surface and that makes the Earth earn the nickname " the blue planet " . Then where di water come from? The most popular scientific theory states that the H2came from several violent asteroids(小行星）covered with ice.Anothe suggests that the water actually has been around since the Earth's formation However it happened, though it's certainly worked out well for the Earth life forms.
Mystery 2: What about all the oxygen?
Another thing is the planet's oxygen. Tiny creatures released oxygen as a waste product , filling the atmosphere with it . After that , the level of oxyge in the Earth's atmosphere went wildly up and down until it finally calme down around 540 million years ago. Since then, it's remained at about the breathable level we know today. But what caused it to be suddenly steady?
· Mystery 3:What caused the Cambrian(寒武纪）Explosion?
The Cambrian Explosion refers to the explosion of complex life forms that occurred on Earth about 540 million years ago. Before then, life had consisted mostly of microbes. But at the beginning of the Cambrian period complex creatures began developing at a rate never seen before. Suddenly,life forms had brains, eyes, and bones. Most living creatures today can trace their blood back to the Cambrian period.
Mystery 4: Will we be able to predict earthquakes?
We still haven't been able to come up with a way to accurately predict earthquakes. We can certainly try, but our current technology cannot predict them exactly. We know that earthquakes start when the