专题02冠词(初高考点差异及衔接)(解析版)-2023年初升高英语无忧衔接.docx

冠词（初高考点差异及衔接）

初中要求
学习了a用于以辅音开头的名词或其修饰语前，an用于以元音开头的名词或其修饰语前，the表示语境中双方都知道或特指的用法，还学习不用冠词的一些情况
高中要求
高中阶段，对于冠词的考查主要体现在特殊性、具体语境方面。因此仅仅掌握初中阶段的规律知识是不够的，还需要继续强化相关知识点，学会在具体语境下掌握冠词的用法。

【初中冠词考点聚焦】
考点1 不定冠词a或an
①　an　hour ②　a　European country ③　a　“b” ④　an　“s” ⑤　an　orange ⑥　an　unusual story 
⑦　an　island ⑧　a　new bike ⑨　an　e-mail  ⑩　an　important invention 11.　a　useful book 
考点2 定冠词the
1.It was first developed in China as wushu, but it's becoming one of 　　　most popular sports around the world. 
【答案】the　设空处后面的most popular为形容词的最高级,形容词的最高级前应加定冠词the。故填the。
2.But with social-distancing(社交距离)rules in 　　　United States, many summer camps face difficult decisions. 
【答案】the　考查冠词。the United States美国。
3.For 　　　first time in his life, Mr Happy lost his smile. 
【答案】the　句意:Happy先生第一次失去了他的笑容。考查冠词。for the first time为固定搭配。
4.I took him to 　　　computer in my room and said,“Right here.”  
【答案】the　考查冠词设空处后的 computer有介词短语in my room修饰,因此设空处使用定冠词。
5.Some had practiced with private chess teachers, but Tani had practiced on 　　　floor of the homeless shelter alone. 
【答案】the　句意:一些人已经和私人国际象棋老师练习过了,但是Tani是一个人在无家可归者收容所的地板上练习的。本题考查冠词。此处特指无家可归的人的收容所的地板,故填the。
考点3. 有定冠词和无定冠词的区别
(1)gotoschool去上学(是学生)gototheschool到学校去(不一定是学生) (2)attable在吃饭atthetable在桌子旁
(3)atschool在上学attheschool在学校里 (4)inclass在上课intheclass在班级里
(5)infrontof在(……外部的)前面inthefrontof在(……内部的)前面 (6)bysea乘船by the sea在海边
(7)inprison在坐牢intheprison在监狱(不一定是犯人) (8)byday在白天bytheday按天计算
【高中冠词考点聚焦】
考纲解读
冠词几乎每年都有考查, 考查点主要包括: 1. 考查定冠词和不定冠词的基本用法。2. 考查定冠词和不定冠词的特殊用法。抽象名词具体化前冠词的使用情况、比较级前冠词的使用情况。3. 考查冠词的泛指、特指、类指和专指用法。4. 考查零冠词的运用。另外, 还涉及很多冠词与名词的固定搭配。
考点清单
考点1 冠词的基本用法
1. 定冠词的常考必备:
(1)上文已出现过或说话双方都熟知的事物前; (2)表示世界上独一无二的事物、自然现象、方位或者发明物的名词前; (3)序数词和形容词或副词最高级前;
(4)表示年代、朝代、时代的名词或由普通名词组成的专有名词前; (5)形容词或形容词化的过去分词前, 表示一类人或物, 或用于姓氏复数前表示一家人等。
2. 不定冠词的常考必备:
(1)单数可数名词前, 表泛指的数量“一”; (2)a certain修饰专有名词(=some+名词单数)表示“某一个”; (3)序数词前, 表示“又一, 再一”; (4)物质名词前, 表示“一份, 一阵, 一场, 一类”等或用于抽象名词具体化; (5)有修饰词的三餐和四季前; (6)a, an与比较级连用, 在否定句中表示最高级意义, 而a+most+形容词+名词, 表示“一个非常……的……”。

3. 零冠词的常考必备:
(1)表示泛指或一般意义的物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词、复数名词前;
(2)表示头衔、职位名称的名词作表语、补语、同位语和as的宾语时; (3)as/though引导的让步状语从句中, 作表语的单数可数名词置于句首时。

Of ______nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.  
解题关键: 根据句意可知, 此处为特指“在已知的19个北极熊子群种中”, 应用定冠词。
答案判定: the

Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Also known as the Snow Dragon, the icebreaker carrying a research team set sail from Shanghai on Nov. 2 last year, beginning 　　　 country’s 35th Antarctic expedition. 
2.It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life,it’s 　　　 ongoing process.  
3.Chaplin liked 　　　 idea of working in the film industry because it would mean a new life.  
4.Three became political leaders;three became doctors;the most famous graduate became 　　　 university teacher and was responsible for the introduction of modern teaching methods in his country. 
【答案】1.the2.an3.the4.a
考点2 冠词的固定搭配
1. 用在表示计量单位的名词前by the day, by the dozen, by the hour, by the yard等。
2. 固定结构“动词+sb. +介词+the+身体部位名词”。
3. 固定短语: a knowledge of, a collection of, a better understanding of, have a look, play a trick on, in a hurry, make the best of, in the end, on the phone等。
4. the+比较级. . . the+比较级. . . 表示“越……越……”。

As ______matter of fact, the quality of praise is more significant, which focuses on the kids’ effort rather than the outcome.  
解题关键: 根据句意可知, 此处为固定短语“实际上”as a matter of fact。
答案判定: a

Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The sound of the car died away in 　　　 distance.  
2.Eating chocolate once in 　　　 while makes it easier for you to resist eating it all the time.  
3.Beavers build themselves curious huts to live in, and quite frequently 　　　 great number of these huts are placed close together.  
4.All of　　　sudden, a student rushed in and pushed her aside. 
【答案】1.the2.a3.a4.a

一
一. 用适当的冠词填空
1. Suddenly football fell just in front of me and almost hit me.
2. And other is that I wanted to help people in need.
3. Besides, having good knowledge of Chinese paintings because of my familiarity with Chinese painting culture, I can get foreigners and the locals to know more about it.
1.a 2.the 3.a
二. 单句语法填空
1. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
2. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at the top of her lungs.
3. This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over the top.
4.Instead, she is earning ￡6, 500 a day as a model in New York.
1.the 2.the 3.the 4.a
三. 单句改错
5. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and unique style.
6. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.
7.Around me in picture are the things that were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.
5. (unique前加a)6. (hour前a改为an)7. (picture前加the)
二
1.(2020届河南许昌高级中学月考一,50)The villager learned a valuable lesson that many others would never understand: Every obstacle presents 　　　 opportunity to improve one’s condition. 
【答案】an
2.(2020届黑龙江大庆铁人中学开学考试,62)Every year, butterfly(蝴蝶) lovers in California go out in November to count monarch butterflies. They got a worrying result from their fall monarch count in 2018—　　　 number of monarchs had dropped by 86% since 2017. 
【答案】　the
3.(2020届江西临川二中月考一,61)Gerrard Street, which is between Leicester Square and Shaftesbury Avenue, is the most important street in the area. There is 　　　 unique community with many Chinese restaurants, supermarkets and shops. 
【答案】a
4.(2020届江西南昌开学摸底,70)So the key to using a happy smile to make you 　　　 better runner may be to smile sincerely and often near a race’s end, but in 30-second bursts, rather than constantly. 
【答案】a
5.(2020届云南昆明一中一次摸底,61)The Economist is 　　　 English-language weekly news and international affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd. 
【答案】an
6.(2019湖南浏阳六校联考,69)The wedding ceremony is usually hosted warmly and the wedding ceremony very often ends with 　　　 unique banquet. 
【答案】a
7.(2019吉林省吉林市调研一,64)But naps can actually be 　　　 double-edged sword because while we’re awake during the day, we’re building up sleepiness or sleep pressure. 
【答案】a
8.(2019湖北鄂东南教育教学改革联盟期中考试, 61)Produced by China Central Television (CCTV) and the Ministry of Education(MOE),“First Class for New Semester” has become　　　mandatory viewing activity for parents and students on the first day of the fall semester. 
【答案】a
9.(2018江西红色七校一联,70)　　　splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022. 
【答案】A
10.(2018河北唐山五校月考,64)As the saying goes,“All work and no play makes Jack 　　　dull boy.” 
【答案】a
三
1.(2020届安徽“江淮十校”联考一)My mother has brought me several bag of beef jerky.　　　　　　  
【答案】bag→bags
2.(2020届福建永安一中、漳平一中联考一)I’d appreciate you if you could take my application into consideration.　　　　　　  
【答案】第一个you→it
3.(2020届甘肃天水一中月考一)It can be a great fun and I bet there will be a lot of communication going on among students.　　　　　　  
【答案】删除great前的a
4.(2020届贵州贵阳8月摸底)Every autumn we have a reading festival where drama performances are shown and distinguished writer are invited.　　　　　　  
【答案】writer→writers
5.(2020届河南顶级名校期初摸底)I was glad that when I spoke a little English in Britain, all those who communicated with you were able to understand me.　　　　　　  
【答案】you→me
6.(2020届山西太原五中9月阶段性考试)15% of them think it can help some students stop focusing on showing off his clothes.　　　　　　  
【答案】his→their
7.(2020届河南许昌高中月考一)At first we made an promise that as grown-ups we should have a sense of duty for our society from now on.　　　　　　  
【答案】an→a
8.(2019福建泉港一中、南安国光中学期中联考)Undoubtedly, he’s one of the most popular teacher in our school.　　　　　 
【答案】teacher→teachers
9.(2019湖北孝感一中、应城一中等五校期中联考)Once you have found such true friends, do treasure him.　　　　　 
【答案】him→them
10.(2019湖北宜昌示范性高中协作体期中)Encouraged by her,I overcame my fear and finally made successful attempt.　　　　　 
【答案】successful前加a
11.(2019福建长汀一中等六校联考)On the one hand, smart phones can distract students’ attentions.　　　　　 
【答案】attentions→attention
12.(2019安徽皖南八校联考一)I would never ask much from my parents because I knew it was not easy for him to make a living.　　　　　 
答案】him→them
13.(2018河南豫南九校联考二)At same time, I will ask my friends and parents to help me.　　　　　 
【答案】At后加the
14.(2018四川双流中学月考)As you travel, you will see beautiful sceneries and you can meet and make friends with people of different colors and races.　　　　　 
【答案】sceneries→scenery
15.(2018吉林百校联盟联考)I managed to calm them down and said we should all put us in others’ shoes.　　　　　 
【答案】us→ourselves
16.(2018湖南永州一模)They take the attitude that large crowds of tourist to the zoo will give rise to traffic jams.　　　　　 
【答案】tourist→tourists