Unit-4-Natural-Disasters-Reading-and-Thinking(学生版).docx

16 单元复习与提升
目标导航

1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. event n.比赛项目；大事；公开活动
2. ski adj.滑雪的 vi.滑雪
3. track n.跑道；足迹；铁路轨道 vt.& vi.追踪；跟踪
4. sweat vt.使出汗；出汗弄湿 vi.出汗；流汗 n.汗水；出汗
5. master n.高手；主人 vt.精通；掌握
6. medal n.奖章；勋章
7. apart adv.分离；分开；成碎片
8. captain n.（运动队）队长；船长；机长
9. pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮
10. million num.一百万
11. cheat vi.作弊；舞弊 vt.欺骗；蒙骗 n.欺骗手段；骗子
12. slim adj.苗条的；单薄的
13. diet n.规定饮食；日常饮食 vi.节食
14. rather adv.相当；有点儿
阅读词汇
1. soccer n.足球；足球运动
2. stadium n.（pl.stadiums or stadia）体育场；运动场
3. boxing n.拳击（运动）
4. badminton n.羽毛球运动
5. marathon n.马拉松赛跑
6. gym n.健身房；体育馆
7. athlete n.运动员；运动健儿
8. audience n.观众；听众
9. error n.错误；差错
拓展词汇
1. fitnessn.健康；健壮；适合→fitadj.适合的；健康的 vt.适合→unfitadj.不适合的
2. hostvt.主办；主持n.主人；东道主；节目主持人→hostessn.女主人
3. honourn.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸→honourableadj.可敬的;值得钦佩的→honouredadj.受尊敬的
4. gloryn.荣誉;光荣;赞美→gloriousadj.光荣的;辉煌的
5. determinationn.决心,决定→determinev.决定→determinedadj.坚决的
6. championshipn.锦标赛;冠军赛;冠军称号→championn.冠军;优胜者
7. injurevt.使受伤;损害→injuryn.伤害;损伤→injuredadj.受伤的;有伤的
8. strengthn.力量;体力→strengthenv.加强→strongadj.强壮的;坚强的
9. failuren.失败;失败的人（或事物）→failv.失败
10. competevi.竞争;对抗→competitionn.竞争;比赛→competitiveadj.竞争的;有竞争力的→competitorn.竞争者
11. positiveadj.积极的;正面的;乐观的;肯定的→positivelyadv.乐观地;肯定地;积极地
12. jogvi.慢跑 n.慢跑→joggingn.慢跑锻炼→joggern.慢跑锻炼者
13. stressn.压力;紧张;重音 vt.强调;重读;使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安→stressfuladj.压力重的;紧张的→stressedadj.焦虑不安的
2 高频短语
1. come along跟随;到达;进步;赶快
2. work out锻炼;计算出;解决
3. set an example树立榜样
4. fall apart破裂；破碎；崩溃
5. lose heart丧失信心；泄气
6. give up放弃；投降
7. make sense有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚
8. pretend to do sth.假装做某事
9. even if/though即使;虽然
10. make a difference有作用或影响
11. rather than而不是
12. cut... out停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下
13. now and then有时;偶尔
14. compare...with/to...与……比较
3 经典句型
1. Losing two important players（损失两员大将）was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart.（动名词作主语）
2. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique（使他与众不同）.（make+宾语+宾补）
3. In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way（似乎找到一个方法） to win.（seem to do）
4. They need some volunteers, don’t they（不是吗）?（反意疑问句）
5. A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team（即使有助于他/她的球队）. （even if）

主题延展

【话题重现】
Richard likes all kinds of sports, such as soccer, boxing, badminton, skiing, and track and field sports 1._________ marathons and jogging. He once won championships in many sports events. Over the years, he 2. ________________（inspire） by the applause of millions of audiences. Recently he has put on 3. ________（weigh）. He’s afraid that his health will fall apart, so he goes on a diet with determination and tries to be slim. As we know, exercise and dieting will make 4. _____big difference to one’s fitness. He does push-ups every day and thinks it makes sense to do so. As a result, his fitness 5. _____________（improve） a lot compared with the past. In addition, Richard is good at gymnastics. Now and then, he is seen 6. ________（work） out in a gym or stadium. He never gives up training 7. ________ he is injured. Meeting with failures, he faces them bravely rather than losing heart. Once, he took part in the gymnastics championship 8. ________（host） by China to compete with the world’s gymnastics masters. In spite of his leg injury and mental stress, he had the determination 9. ________（become） the champion. Encouraged by his captain, he gathered all his strength and 10. ________（final） made it.

【主题词汇】

分层提分

基础过关

单句语法填空
1．Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical _____________ (fit)．
2．If you want to lose weight, too，I recommend _____________ (do) exercise in the gym.
3．The _____________ (positive) an article is on the Internet, the more likely it is to be shared.
4．The teacher _____________ (stress) yesterday that the students should not leave out any important details while retelling the story.
5．My physical _____________ (strong) came back to me quickly in that friendly atmosphere.
6．A quick review of successes and _____________ (fail) at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.
7．Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, _____________ (determine) to test my own theory on this.
8．Not only the students but also the teacher _____________ (be) interested in the story.
9．In our modern society, it is important_____________ (master) a foreign language.
10．It was the culture，rather _____________ the language，that made it hard for him to adapt to the life abroad.

Ⅱ.句子翻译
1．很荣幸和您分享这个故事。honour)
____________________________________________________________________________
2．只要你有决心，你可以在这个世界上做任何事情。(determination)
____________________________________________________________________________
3．课外活动让我们丰富知识、强健身体成为可能。(make)
______________________________________________________________
4．我们假装什么事情也没发生。(nothing)
____________________________________________________________________________
5．即使天气不好，我们也要去旅行。(even if/though)
____________________________________________________________________________
6．你一旦开始，就必须进行下去。(once)
___________________________________________

能力提升

Ⅰ.阅读理解
(1)

About 1.4 billion people around the world do not get enough physical exercise.The world's adult population is about 5.6 billion, so that is tantamount to about one­fourth of the world's adult population.
Researchers looked at 358 population­based studies between 2001 and 2016.Those studies referred to nearly 2 million people in 168 countries.Regina Guthold was the lead author of the report.She said the study also found a wide range(范围)of physical activity levels for countries around the world.“Inactivity ranges from as low as 6 percent in Uganda and Mozambique to 67 percent in Kuwait.Four countries have a prevalence(普通)of inactivity of over 50 percent.That's Kuwait, America Samoa, Saudi Arabia and Iraq，” she said.
The report shows the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in wealthy countries as they are in countries where people have low incomes.In wealthier countries, people are more likely to spend time sitting in offices.They are also more likely to use computers and electronic devices (设备) for entertainment.
There are actually many things people can do for themselves.If you work in a high­rise office building, take the stairs instead of an elevator.Go for a walk during your lunch break.Take more breaks during the workday and move around.If your workplace offers a gym or exercise classes, make sure to use them.At home, take walks with your family or friends after dinner.
1．What does the underlined part “tantamount to” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Familiar to.　　　　 B．Harmful to.
C．Used to. D．Equal to.
2．Which country is the most active?
A．Uganda. B．Kuwait.
C．Saudi Arabia. D．Iraq.
3．What can we learn about people in wealthy countries in Paragraph 4?
A．They are less active.
B．They often exercise indoors.
C．They don't have time to exercise.
D．They don't think exercise important.
4．What's the author's purpose in writing the last paragraph?
A．To draw people's attention to the problem.
B．To give some advice to non­exercisers.
C．To introduce a new topic for discussion.
D．To add some background information.

(2)
Sport is not only physically challenging, but can also be mentally challenging.Criticism from coaches, parents and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes.Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout.Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself.The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place.Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives.Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children.Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find faults in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also pay attention that youth sport participation does not become work for children.The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons.In today's youth sport setting young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport.Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find faults with youngsters' performances.Positive support should be provided regardless of the outcome.Research indicates that positive support motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism.Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
5．An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ．
A．to make sport less competitive
B．to increase their sense of success
C．to reduce their mental stress
D．to make sport more challenging
6．According to the passage, sport is positive for young people because ．
A．it can help them learn more about society
B．it enables them to find faults in themselves
C．it can provide them with valuable experiences
D．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
7．According to the passage parents and coaches should ．
A．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sport
B．help children to win every game
C．train children to cope with stress
D.enable children to understand the positive aspect of sport
8．The author's purpose in writing the passage is ．
A．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
B．to persuade children not to worry about criticism
C.to stress the importance of positive support to children
D.to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement

培优拔尖

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Hey, Mom, let's take the boat out today for a family fishing trip！” my nine­year­old Steven suggested.It was a perfect day for fishing and before long Steven and his two sisters rushed to the boat.My husband Jim took the fishing tools while I filled the picnic basket.Soon we were speeding across the water.
Steven, who was interested in fishing, was proud that he was learning how to throw Jim's large net (网).As the boat slowed, Steven turned to his Dad.“Will you let me throw the net today？” he asked with excitement in his eyes.“Do you think you are ready？”Jim smiled.“You have practiced a lot, but throwing the net from a boat will be different.”“I can do it.Trust me.”
The family watched while Steven dealt with the large net. Twisting (扭转) his body, Steven threw the net, which was as big as him, away from the boat.It slowly landed in a circle on top of the water.We were happy for him and Steven laughed.
Suddenly, his happy face turned to horror (惊恐) as he watched the net disappear.“Oh, no！” Steven cried.“I was so excited that I forgot to catch the rope！Now it's going to the bottom！”
We watched helplessly.However, Steven broke our silence with hope in his voice, “Wait! I can get it back! I'll just use my fishing line and the hook (钩子) to get it back.” We were not sure about it actually.
Jim drove the boat in wide circles while we tried to remember the place the net went down.“It was over there，” pointed Lori.“No，it wasn't.It was closer to that place，” said Betsy.
“Look，guys，” Jim said.“There is no way we are going to get it back.Even if we knew the exact place, the water has moved the boat's position.By now the water has swept the net away or it's lying on the bottom.It's gone
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Then Steven turned to his Dad.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

“This is your last chance，” Betsy said.