专题-12--阅读理解：细节理解题测-(解析版).docx

专题 12 阅读理解：细节理解题

备考2023年高考英语二轮复习讲练测--测

（解析版）

时间：60分钟

全国名校最新模拟题 （共八篇）
Passage 1 (2022年北京卷)
My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.
One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.
A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.
I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍 ) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action.
4．What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety?
A．Her inability to act her age. B．Her habit of consumption.
C．Her desire to be perfect. D．Her lack of inspiration.
5．How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice?
A．She decided to do something for nature. B．She tasted the sweetness of friendship.
C．She learned about the harm of desire. D．She built up her courage to speak up.
6．The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________.
A．intelligent B．confident C．innovative D．critical
7．What can we learn from this passage?
A．Practice makes perfect. B．Patience is a cure of anxiety.
C．Action is worry’s worst enemy. D．Everything comes to those who wait.
4．C    5．A    6．B    7．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。
4．细节理解题。由文章第一段“My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.(我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根源：无论我做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我。)”可知，是要求完美导致了焦虑。故选C项。
5．细节理解题。由文章第二段“One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. (一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者Grant Brown的演讲。他的演讲不仅让我感到敬畏和鼓舞，还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为。)”和文章第三段“ Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. (在我收到他的邀请后不久，我的高中就收到了加入“Youth for Nature”和“Youth for Plane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为了一个日益壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。)”可知，是Grant Brown让作者开始为从事保护自然地活动中。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)”可知，Alice 加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。由第一段“ Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me.”（去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情的能力。）由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)可知，文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。所以从文章中我们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人。故选C项。
Passage 2. (云南省昆明市云南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期适应性月考)
Rebel Talk
Jane Hutcheon
Journalist, author and former foreign correspondent (通讯员) Jane Hutcheon knows a thing or two about conversations, and in Rebel Talk she draws on her rich experience in the art of guided conversations to help us begin and nurture conversations. Rebel Talk looks at ways to: transform poor conversation habits; speak up about problems; generate energy, passion and optimism; stop lecturing and giving uninvited advice; and most importantly, learn by humble listening.
From Earth: Create Your Own Natural Apothecary (药剂师)
Charlotte Rasmussen
The makings for simple skincare and medicinal home treatments can be found in your own garden or kitchen. From Earth's recipes employ pure and natural ingredients such as lily and rose and will inspire you to enlarge your herb knowledge. Beautifully photographed, this step-by-step guide explains how to use carrier oils, butters and dried flowers and is the perfect guide for anyone wanting to find a more comprehensive way of life.
Burning Questions
Margaret Atwood
Fans of Margaret Atwood, the creator of The Handmaid's Tale and more than 50 other works of fiction, poetry and essays, will be interested in her collection of essays and occasional pieces from 2004 -21. Full of wit and wisdom, Atwood focuses on subjects such as the climate crisis, freedom debt, tech, the rise of Trump and a pandemic. Other topics include: When to offer advice to the young? (only when asked); So what if beauty is only skin deep?
Here Goes Nothing
Steve Toltz
If you like your fiction left-of-centre, then this book's for you. Angus Mooney struggles for most of his life, until he meets his wife, marriage celebrant Gracie (whose wedding ceremonies are anything but traditional). Just when things are starting to work out, an old guy with a terminal illness breaks into their house and asks to stay until he dies. When Angus does some research on their ‘guest’, he wakes up the next day in the ‘afterlife’.
21. What might you get from Rebel Talk?
A. How to solve problems. B. How to stop a conversation.
C. How to learn in speeches. D. How to talk productively.
22. Whose book will a flower lover be interested in?
A. Jane Hutcheon. B. Charlotte Rasmussen.
C. Margaret Atwood. D. Steve Toltz.
23. If you are keen on fiction, which of the following books will be a good choice?
A. Rebel Talk.
B. From Earth: Create Your Own Natural Apothecary.
C. Burning Questions.
D. Here Goes Nothing.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D
【导语】本文是应用文。简要介绍了四本书。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“to help us begin and nurture conversations”（为了帮助我们开始并且酝酿对话。）可知通过读这本书我们能更富有成效地对话。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“From Earth’s recipes employ pure and natural ingredients such as lily and rose and will inspire you to enlarge your herb knowledge.”（From Earth的食谱采用纯天然成分，如百合和玫瑰，将激励你增加你的草药知识。）可知，热爱花草的人会对Charlotte Rasmussen所著的书感兴趣。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“If you like your fiction left-of-centre, then this book’s for you.”（如果你喜欢政治主张偏左的小说，那么这本书适合你。）可知，喜欢读小说的人会喜欢读Here Goes Nothing这本书。故选D。
Passage 3. (四川省树德中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月阶段性测试)
I discovered the power of fear when I became stuck to my driveway, as if my feet were crazy-glued to the cement (水泥). As much as I tried, I could not move them. The realization that my daughters were playing in Nancy's house, just one-half block away, paralyzed (麻痹) my legs, making me unable to move when I neared the end of our driveway. Dense, black smoke was rising from behind the Sycamore Maple trees on the other side of the street and was enveloping three houses, making them barely visible. Nancy's house was one of them.
I tried to call out for my daughters, hoping to see them run safely to my arms, but my voice was also stuck-stuck in my throat with no intention of coming out. There I stood, helpless, paralyzed and silenced by fear, unable to protect the two lttle girls I loved more than even I had realized.
Although trapped in a body that couldn't move or speak, I could still hear. I could hear other mothers anxiously calling their children. I could hear a frightening silence that covered the neighborhood instead of the usual happy voices of children. And, finally, I could hear the alarm of the fire engine. As the alarm announced, "We're on our way," it instantly dissolved the crazy glue that had held my feet to the cement and it unlocked the soundproof box that had silenced my voice. I was free to make sure my daughters were safe.
As I continued down the driveway, two little girls, my two little girls, ran toward me from across the street. They had come home to tell me about the fire in the garage next to Nancy's house. Not only did my feet and voice work now, but my eyes were also in good working order and had no trouble producing tears.24．Why was the author stuck to her driveway?
A．She was too tired to move her legs.
B．Thick black smoke blocked her view.
C．The cement on the driveway was still wet.
D．The fear for her daughters' safety struck her.
25．What made the author able to move and speak again?
A．Shouting from other anxious mothers. B．Strange silence in the neighborhood.
C．The alarm of the coming fire engine. D．The courage to protect her daughters.
26．What does the author suggest at the end of the story?
A．She burst into tears of relief and happiness.
B．She was really thankful to see her girls saved.
C．She was too excited to believe what she saw.
D．She overcame her fear and fully recovered.
27．What is the best title for the text?
A．Love in Fire B．Stopped in Silence
C．A Narrow Escape D．The Price of Fear
【答案】24．D    25．C    26．A    27．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者在看到自己女儿所处的地方发生火灾时作者的紧张心情以及最终消防员来到现场，女儿安然无恙的激动心情。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“The realization that my daughters were playing in Nancy's house, just one-half block away, paralyzed (麻痹) my legs, making me unable to move when I neared the end of our driveway. Dense, black smoke was rising from behind the Sycamore Maple trees on the other side of the street and was enveloping three houses, making them barely visible. Nancy's house was one of them.”（我意识到我的女儿们正在南希家玩耍，就在半个街区之外，我的腿瘫痪了，当我走到车道尽头的时候，我就动弹不得了。浓密的黑烟从街对面的梧桐枫树后面升起，笼罩着三座房子，几乎看不见它们。南希的家就是其中之一。）由此可知，为什么作者被困在车道上是因为她为女儿们的安全感到担忧。故选D项。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“And, finally, I could hear the alarm of the fire engine. As the alarm announced, "We're on our way," it instantly dissolved the crazy glue that had held my feet to the cement and it unlocked the soundproof box that had silenced my voice.”（最后，我听到了消防车的警报声。当警报宣布“我们在路上了”时，它立刻溶解了把我的脚粘在水泥上的疯狂胶水，解锁了让我不能说话的隔音盒。）由此可知，即将到来的消防车的警报让作者能够再次移动和说话。故选C项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Not only did my feet and voice work now, but my eyes were also in good working order and had no trouble producing tears.”（现在不仅我的脚和声音恢复了，我的眼睛也恢复了正常，流泪也没有问题。）由此判断出，作者在故事的结尾暗示了她因欣慰和高兴而哭了起来。故选A项。

Passage 4. ( 湖南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期月考 )
As 17-year-old Norwood drove through St. Peters-burg, Florida, last February, the laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached a crossing, another car T-boned them, sending their car sailing into the yard of a nearby home, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree.
As smoke rose from the other car, a bystander shouted, “It’s about to blow up! Get out!” Shaken, but otherwise OK, she crawled (爬行) out through the window. Along with two of her friends, who’d also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life.
But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them. Nor wood ran back to the car and found Simmons passed out in the back seat. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the broken glass as best she could. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. “I checked her pulse.” Nothing.“I put my head against her chest.” No sign of life. “That’s when I started CPR (心肺复苏术)
Had the accident happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But Nor wood, who wants to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate just the day before. Kneeling on the lawn and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had precious little time to practice what she’d learned. She started pumping Simmons’s chest and breathing into her friend’s mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life. No response. And then, after the 30th try, Simmons began coughing and gasping for air. The CPR had worked! Soon, the ambulance arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital, where she received treatment for a cut in her forehead. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. “I wasn’t shocked,” Simmons told CNN. “She will always help any way she can.”
24．What happened to Nor wood’s car in Florida last February?
A．It lost its way at a crossing.
B．It crashed into a nearby building.
C．It was hit by another car from the side.
D．It stopped in St. Peters- burg as planned.
25．Why did Nor wood go back to the car?
A．To call for help. B．To check the car.
C．To put out the fire. D．To rescue her friend.
26．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Nor wood was a certificated on- the- job doctor.
B．Simmons didn’t came to herself after the CPR.
C．Nor wood learned how to perform CPR recently.
D．Simmons was surprised to be saved by Nor wood.
27．Which of the following words can best describe Nor wood?
A．Calm and dependable. B．Friendly and selfless.
C．Honest and responsible. D．Helpful and sympathetic.
【答案】24．C    25．D    26．C    27．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了17岁的女孩诺伍德是如何在一场车祸中用自己所学的心肺复苏术拯救好朋友西蒙斯的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As they approached a crossing, another car T-boned them, sending their car sailing into the yard of a nearby home, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree.(当她们接近一个十字路口时，另一辆汽车撞上了她们，把她们的车撞到了附近一户人家的院子里，直到撞到一棵树上才停了下来)”可知，诺伍德的车去年2月在佛罗里达州被另一辆车从侧面撞了。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them. Norwood ran back to the car and found Simmons passed out in the back seat.(但是走到半路，她意识到她最好的朋友西蒙斯没有和她们在一起。诺伍德跑回车里，发现西蒙斯昏倒在后座上)”可知，诺伍德回到车里去救她的朋友。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But Norwood, who wants to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate just the day before.(但是诺伍德想从事医学事业，她在前一天刚刚获得了心肺复苏证书)”可知，诺伍德最近学习了如何进行心肺复苏。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段诺伍德实施救助的过程可以看出，她是非常沉着冷静的。另外，从最后一段好友西蒙斯的描述“She will always help any way she can.(她总是