时间状语从句讲解和练习(答案).doc

时间状语从句
　　用句子表达一件事情或一个行为发生的时间，这个句子就叫时间状语从句。时间状语从句根据其所表示的时间不同，所使用的连词也不同。下面我们一起来看一下几个常见的时间状语从句：
1．when引导的从句：表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。
例如：I was going out when a visitor came. (动词动作同时发生。)我正要出门，有客人来访。
I shall tell her the good news when she comes.她来时，我将告诉她这个好消息。
小试牛刀：I found mother cooking for me. I got home.(when)_______________________________________
He was listening to the radio when I home. (get)

2．while 引导的从句：表示“当……过程中”，强调某一段时间内主句和从句中谓语动词所表示的动作在同一时期发生。由于while从句表示一个持续的行为，所以从句中要用持续性动词，并且持续性动词常用进行时态。
例如：Keep an eye on my little sister while I am away.我不在时，请照看一下我的小妹妹。
While we were watching TV, Jim came in. 我们看电视的时候，Jim进来了。
小试牛刀：It started to rain. We were playing football.(while)_______________________________________
Lucy was cleaning the room Lily was listening to music.

3．as引导的时间状语从句：表示“当……的时候；一边……一边……；随着……”，其从句的主语与主句的主语往往是同一人或物。
例如：She sang as she worked. 她一边工作一边唱歌。=She was singing as she was working.
I saw him as he was getting off the bus. 正当他下公共汽车时, 我看见了他。
小试牛刀： we walked, we talked.
You will grow wiser you grow older.

4．before引导的从句：一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。
例如：I didn’t know any English before I came here. 我到这儿来之前，一点英语都不懂。
例如：I had written my report before my father came back.
小试牛刀：He bought the ticket he went to see the film.

5．after引导的从句：表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。
例如：After he locked the door, he left. 他锁上门后，就走了。
After he had finished his work, he played a game of chess with his friend. 他做完工作后，和朋友下了一盘棋。
小试牛刀：I will go out to play basketball with you. I finish my homework.(after)
_______________________ _
He left the classroom he had finished his homework the other day.

6．since引导的从句：表示“自从……以来”，从句中的动词一般表示动作的起点，用过去时。主句中的动词表示动作延续的情况，一般用现在完成时。如果主句中的动词表示的不是延续的动作而是表示目前的状态，可用一般现在时。
例如：Since he met this good friend, he has made great progress in his studies.
自从遇见了这个好朋友，他已在学习上取得了巨大的进步。
例如：It is twenty years since she joined the Party. 她入党二十年了。（主句中的动词表示的是状态，用现在时。）
小试牛刀：it is five years since we last time.（meet）
Mr green has taught in that school since he (come) to China three years ago.

7．until 引导的从句：表示一个动作持续到某一时刻。
（1）表示“直到……”，如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。
（2）表示“直到……才”，主句用否定式，从句用肯定。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，必须用否定形式。
例如：They worked until it was late. 他们一直工作到天黑。
She didn’t go to bed until she finished her homework. 她写完作业才睡觉。
小试牛刀：All the people left. He waited.(until)________________________________________
He went to bed . his father came home.________________________________________

8．as soon as 引导的从句表示“一……就”，强调动作紧密相连。
例如：As soon as she came to the classroom, she began to read English.她一到教室，就开始读英语。
小试牛刀：We start to sing. It''s 12 o''clock. (as soon as)________________________________________

9. by the time 到。。。为止 (所在句子的主句应用完成时)
例如：By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.他到家的时候，他爸爸已经走了。
小试牛刀：By the time I got to school, the class .（begin）我到校时，已经开始上课了。

知识扩展
1. it is +时间段+since+一般过去时（从。。。以来多长时间了）
例如：it is five years since we met last time.从我们上次见面已经五年了。

2. it is/ will be +时间段+before+一般现在时 ， it was+时间段 +before+一般过去时 (。。。才)
　　例如：it is a long time before I go to sleep .　过了很长时间我才睡着。
　　 it was an hour before the police arrived.过了一个小时，警察才来。
小试牛刀：It_____(be) ten years since we ________(leave) that city .
It is reported that it may be two or three months_____it is possible to test this medicine on animals
How long do you think it will be ______ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon？

3、when和while的区别
连词
区别
所接动词
例句
when
主从句同时发生、
先后发生
瞬间性动词、持续性动词
When you arrive in London, please give us a call.
When he was having his lunch, he heard the door bell ring.
as
主从句同时发生、
一边…一边…、随着
持续性动词
As time went on, he grew more and more impatient.
As we walked, we talked.
while
主从句同时发生
然而、既然
持续性动词
While she was reading a novel, her mother was cooking the dinner.
Some people waste food while other haven’t enough.
—I’m going to the post office.
—While you’re there, can you get me some stamps?

4、巧记10个瞬间性动词
在学习以when和while引导的时间状语从句时，用到了瞬间动词和延续动词。常见的瞬间动词有
die(死)，come(来)，go(去)，eave(离开)，arrive(到达)，begin(开始)，buy(买)，,join(加入)，borrow(借进，借出)，return(归还)等。
　　这10个瞬间动词可用两句口诀来帮助记忆: 开始离去,借来还, 出生入死,买到家。
　　注释:
　　1."开始离去,借来还"为begin,leave,go,borrow,come,return六词；
　　2."出生入死,买到家"为join,die,buy,arrive四词。
　　3.各词改为相应的延续动词为：
begin→be on, leave→be away from, borrow→keep, go→be, come→be here, return→be back,
join→be in, die→be dead, buy→have, arrive→be here等。'
5、状语从句与主句的时态问题
1.由when、while引导的时间状语从句的时态： （主过从过）
主句（过去进行时）+when +从句（一般过去）
主句（一般过去时）+when +从句（过去进行时）
主句（一般过去时）+while +从句（过去进行时）
主句（过去进行时）+while +从句（过去进行时）
注意：看动词为短暂性动词用一般过去时，动词为延续性动词则用过去进行时。
小试牛刀：Mother （cook）supper when I (get) home yesterday.
Last Sunday I (meet) Lin Hong when I (walk) in the street.
When the students (have ) a meeting, the teacher (come) in.
While Han Meimei (sweep) the floor, Lucy (carry) water.

2. 由when、after、before、by the time引导的时间状语从句的时态：
主句、从句的谓语动词都已完成，则先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。
例如：After he had finished his work, he played a game of chess with his friend.
小试牛刀：When they (get) to the cinema last light, the film (start).
I (go) out with my friends after I (finish) all the homework last night.

3.时间状语从句与主句的时态不一致。（主将从现：主句用将来时，而时间状语从句用一般现在时）
小试牛刀：As soon as I reach Canada, I you up. (ring)
I will call you as soon as I the result. (know)
He ________ (become) a solider when he ______(grow) up .
He _________ （wait） until the rain _________ .( stop)

一、单项选择。
1 The meeting didn't start___ everyone was there.
A. Because B. until C. why D. if
2 The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in.
A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until
3．He _________ wait until the rain _________ .
A．won’t, will stop　　　 B．won’t, stop C．will, stops　　　D．will, will stop
4．As soon as Jane _________ here, I’ll post the letter to Mike.
A．leave　　　 B．will leave C．leaves D．left
5．It was already five o’clock _________ we got home.
A．when　 B．while C．because　　 D．if
6．—I’m going to the post office. —________ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?
A．As　　　　 B．While C．Because　　 D．If
7．Joan and Mary haven’t seen each other_____they left school five years ago.
A．as　　 B．before C．after　　 D．since
8．I will let you know about it as soon as I _________ the news.
A．will get　 B．gets C．got　　 D．get
9. He ___ back until the work ___ done.
A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is
10. I call the police for help I saw the thief.
A．while 　 B．before C．as soon as 　　 D．after
11 They didn't start the work ___ their teacher came back.
A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if
12. Tom will call me as soon as he ___ Shanghai.
A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to
13. I'm sure he'll come to see me before he ___ Beijing.
A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves
14. I will tell him the news as soon as he___ back.
A. come B. comes C. will come D. came
15.I won't believe you___ I have seen it with my own eyes.
A. before B. until C. after D. when
16. He ___ home ___ she was satisfied ___ his answer yesterday.
A. didn't go; until; with B. wasn't go; after; to
C. doesn't go; before; with D. didn't go; until; to
二、用方框中的单词填空。
when 、before、 after 、as 、since、 while、 until 、as soon as
1．Mum was making cookies in the kitchen ______the telephone rang.
2．I was watching TV ______ my wife was cooking.
3．He had worked in a factory for two years ______ he went to college.
4．I shall play chess with you ______ I finish watching TV.
5．He didn’t get to the airport ______ it was dark.
6．She sang ______ she went along.
7．I haven’t heard from him _____ he went to America.
8．We found the books two days ____ he had gone away.
三，完成句子。
1.他进来时，我在吃饭。
，I was eating.
2.我在那封信寄到之前去北京了。
I had left for Beijing just .
3.当我在玩电脑游戏时， 爸爸在听音乐。
Father was listening to music the computer games.
4,当我有时间，我就去看望我的爷爷。
I will visit my grandpa .
5.他一到学校就把一切都准备好了。
She got everything ready .
6. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？
Will you please call me ______ ______ ______ you get to Shanghai.
7. 他长大后相当一名记者。
He wants to be a journalist ______ _______ _______ _______.

答案：1-5 BDCCA 6-10 BDDBC ACDBBA
答案：
　　1．when　　　　2．while
　　3．before　　　4．as soon as
　　5．until　　　 6．as
　　7．since　　　 8．after
When she came in
before the letter arrived
While I was playing
when I have time
as soon as she got to school
as soon as
when he grows up.

1、答案：When I got home, I found mother cooking for me./I found mother cooking for me when I got home.
2、答案：We start to sing as soon as it''s 12 o''clock.
3、答案：I will go out to play basketball with you after I finish my homework.
4、答案：He waited until all the people left.
5、答案：It started to rain while we were playing football