英语写作结构技巧传授.docx

文章开头句型
1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.
[1]. When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that ....... But I think/view a bit differently.[2]. When it comes to .... , some people bielive that ....... Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter ...)[3]. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that .... They claim/believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....
1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 .
[1]. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/worldwide concern.[2]. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention)[3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
1-3 观点法 ----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.
[1].Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ...Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. benn more visible/popular than...[2] Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...[3] _Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the necessity to......Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ......[4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.......
1-4 引用法 ----- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!
[1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people ."Education is not complete with gradulation." Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion.
[2]."........." How often we hear such statements/words like thoses/this .In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "......".
1-5 比较法 ------ 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点.
[1]. For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ... , people ....... .
[2]. People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new .
1-6 故事法 ---- 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题.
[1]. Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt .... The phenemenon of... has aroused public concern.
[2]. I have a friend who ... Should he .... ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.[3]. Once upon a time , there lived a man who ... This story may be(unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now.
1-8( 问题法 ----- 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题.
Should/What ...... ? Options of ... vary greatly , some ..., others ...But in my opinion , ...... .
文章中间主体内容句型
<一> 原因结果分析
3-1-1. 基本原因 --- 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.
[1]. Why ... ? For one thing.. For another ...[2]. The answer to this problem invovles many factors. For one thing...For another...... Still another ...[3]. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect ..../both individual and social contribute to ....
3-1-2 另一原因 --------> 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!
[1]. Another important factor is ....[2]. ... is also responsible for the change/problem.[3]. Certainly , the ... is not the sole reason for .....
3-1-3 后果影响 --------- 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 .
[1]. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on....[2]. In involves some serious consequence for ........
< 二 > 比较对照句型
3-2-1. 两者比较 ---> 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用 !
[1]. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from B.[2]. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B.[3]. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.
3-2-2 . 两者相同/相似 ------> 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用!
[1]. A and B have several thing in common.They are similar in that.....[2]. A bears some sriking resemblance(s) to B
文章结尾形式
2-1 结论性--------- 通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 .
[1]. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that .....[2]. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable .......
2-2 后果性------ 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果.
[1]. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of ... , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of .......[2]. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to" | the problem , there is every chance that .. will be put in danger .
2-3 号召性 -------- 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意.
[1]. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendcy of ......[2]. It is essential thar effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency .
2-4 建议性 -------- 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.
[1]. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is .... Another method is ... Still another one is .....[2]. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.
2-5 方向性的结尾方式 ---- 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景.
[1]. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way .[2]. There is no quick method to the issue of .., but .. might be helpful/benefical.[3]. The great challenge today is ...... There is much difficulty ,but ........
2--6 意义性的结尾方式 --------> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义!
[1]. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit but also benefit .....[2]. In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly ......

英语写作中常用的套句
作文中常用句套:
下文中出现的 A,B, “...”(某事物), "sb"( somebody), 要在写作中要根据上下文进行适当替换.
开头:
When it comes to ..., some think ...
There is a public debate today that ...
A is a commen way of ..., but is it a wise one?
Recentaly the problem has been brought into focus.
提出观点:
Now there is a growing awareness that...
It is time we explore the truth of ...
Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.
进一步提出观点:
... but that is only part of the history.
Another equally important aspect is ...
A is but one of the many effects. Another is ...
Besides, other reasons are...
提出假想例子的方式:
Suppose that...
Just imagine what would be like if...
It is reasonable to expect...
It is not surprising that...
举普通例子:
fFor example(instance),...
... such as A,B,C and so on (so forth)
A good case in point is...
A particular example for this is...
引用:
One of the greatest early writers said ...
"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ..
"......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...).
"......". How often we hear such words like there.
讲故事 ：
(先说故事主体),this story is not rare.
..., such delimma we often meet in daily life.
the story still has a realistic significance.
提出原因:
There are many reasons for ...
Why .... , for one thing,...
The answer to this problem involves many factors.
Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ...
The first reason can be obiviously seen.
Most people would agree that...
Some people may neglect that in fact ...
Others suggest that...
Part of the explanation is ...
进行对比
The advantages for A for outweigh the disadvantages of...
Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ...
Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned.
A maybe ... , but it suffers from the disadvantage that...
承上启下:
To understand the truth of ..., it is also important to see..
A study of ... will make this point clear .
让步:
Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as...
I do not deny that A has its own merits.
结尾:
From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw
the conclusion that ...
In summary, it is wiser ...
In short...
名人名言的使用
在作文中引用合适的名言警句,会给你的文章增色许多。这里收集了我本人喜爱的一些名言,可能会对你有用。我们使用引用的位置可以在开头结尾或正文段落中, 常见的使用形式如下:
One of the greatest early writers said ...
"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ...
"......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...
"......". How often we hear such words like there.
Useful quotations
逆境
by Robert Collier
In every adversity there lies the seed of an equivalent advantage. In every defeat there is a lesson showing you how to win the victory next time.
努力与成功
by Ann Landers
Opportunities are usually disguised as hard work, so most people don't recognize them.
坚持
by Ralph Waldo Emerson
No one can cheat you out of ultimate success but yourselves.
Confucius 孔子
Our greatest glory is not in never falling...
but in rising every time we fall.
坚持
Mother Teresa
To keep a lamp burning we have to keep putting oil in it.
Henry Ford
Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it inuo small jobs.
Winston Churchill
Never, never, never, never give up.
Albert Einstein
In uhe middle of difficulty lies opportunity.
努力与成功
by Crassus
Those who aim at great deeds must suffer greatly.
Thomas Edison
There is no substitute for hard work.
Leo Tolstoi
The strongest of all warriors are these two- Time and Patience.
Thomas Jefferson
I'm a great believer in luck,
and I find the harder I work...
the more I have of it.
Robert Collier
Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.
Luck is a dividend of sweat. The more you sweat, the luckier you get.
实际经验与间接经验
You'll learn more about a road by traveling it... than by consulting all the maps in the world.
动机与结果 )
Vince Lombardi
Winning isn't everything...
but wanting to win is.
John F. Kennedy
We choose to go to the moon and other things , oot because they are easy, but because they are hard.
Thucydides
The strong do what they will.
The weak do what they must.
为人态度:
John Wooden
Talent is God given--Be Humble.
Fame is man given-- Be Thankful.
Conceit is self given --Be Careful.
行动:
Theodore Roosevelt
Do what you can , with what you have , with where you are.
Publilius Syrus Maxim
No one knows what he can do till he tries. "
Terence
There is nothing so easy but that it becomes difficult when you do it reluctantly.
Thomas Fuller "
A wise man turns chance into good fortune.
William Hazlitt
Prosperity is a great teacher;
adversity is a greater.
William Penn
No pains, no palm;
no thorns, no throne;
no gall , no glory;
no cross, no crown.
Will Rogers
Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over... if you just sit there.
Opportunity rarely knocks on your door.
Knock rather on opportunity's door if you ardently wish to enter.
成功与失败
Vince Lombardi
It's not whether you get knocked down.
...It's whether you get up again.
Winston Churchill
An optimist sees an opportunity in every calamity;
a pessimist sees a calamity in every opportunity.
热情(年轻/年老)
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.
信心
James Allen
The will to do springs from the knowledge that we can do.
Samuel Johnson
Few things are impossible to diligence and skill.
Aughey
Lost time is never found again.
Voltaire
No problem can stand the assault of sustained thinking.
Napoleon )
Victory belongs to the most persevering.
细心
Euipides
Leave no stone unturned.
计划与工作
Norman Vincent Peale
Plan your work for today and every day;
then work your plan.
Henry Ford
Failure is only the opportunity to more intelligently begin again.
Thomas Edison
I start where the last man left off.
理想与现实
What the mind of man can conceive and believe,
the mind of a man can achieve.
勤奋
Benjamin Franklin
Plough deep while sluggards sleep.
目标
Henry David Thoreau
In the lone run men hit only what they aim at.
幸运
Emily Dickinson
Luck is not chance...
It's toil...
Fortune's expensive smile is earned.
勤奋
Thomas Edison
Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
Useful Quotations "
想象力
Albert Einstein
Imagination is more important than knowledge.
挑战:
Walter Begehot "
The great pleasure in life is doing what people say you cannot do.
机会与准备
Abraham Lincoln
I will prepare and some day my chance will come.
信心与事实
Henry Ford
Whether you think you can or think you can't -- you are right. English Proverb
Where there's a will there's a way.
There is no failure excepting no longer trying.
Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity