六级英语写作知识讲义.docx

六级写作讲义
第一节 主题句
一
1．
To play a sport, one needs to know something about it.
Television is very important.
Drugs are dangerous.
2．
Generally speaking, the criteria of a good student are changing.
Professor Milton was a good writer.
3．
He can fix a bicycle himself.
4．
In the United States, the system of forced labor, which was known as slavery, lasted almost 250 years.
5．
Spring is a season.

1. Interest is a key factor to success.
2. Video games are a kind of wonderful entertainment.
3. Automobiles are playing a vital part in the daily activities of human society.
4. Being a teacher is the dream of my childhood.
5. Advertisement plays an informative role in people’s daily life.

二、
1、
(1) When it comes to…, some people think that… Others argue that the reverse is true. there is probably some truth in both arguments, but…
(2) Now, it is commonly held that… They believe that… But I wonder whether…
(3) In reaction to the event, some people think… But do they realize….?
(4) These days we often hear about … They claim that… But close examination doesn’t bear out the claim.
2、
(1) Recently the issue of… has been in the limelight.
(2) One of the burning questions facing our society today is…
(3) Now most dangerous for our nation is the trend of… which is pervasive in…
(4) A virtual epidemic of… is now under way in this country. According to a recent poll, …
(5) Now in many big cities, an overwhelming majority of the public… What accounts for the phenomenon?
3、
(1) It is about time we exploded the myth about….
(2) Now people in growing numbers are beginning to realize that…
(3) We might marvel at great progress made in science and technology, but…remain basically unchanged.
4、
“Genius is 2 percent inspiration and 8 percent perspiration.” Such is the remark made by Einstein. This view has been shared time and again by more and more people.
第二节 句子写作
一、
① The sun is shining.
The telephone rang.
My head aches.
② He is an engineer.
1）意思等同于be的连系动词。例如：remain, stay.
They remain good friends even though they entered different high school.
The temperature has stayed hot this week.
2）某些表示感觉的连系动词，例如：look, sound, feel, smell, taste, seem, appear.
You look pale. Are you all right?
It smells good.
3）某些表示状态转变的连系动词，例如：become, turn, grow, get fall.
The boy grew taller.
The days were getting shorter.
③ He opened the door.
She can drive the car.
I’ll treat you.
④ I give the old man some money.
I pay him $50 each day.
He showed me his new house.
Mom bought me a new doll.
She sent me the photo.
Can you pass me a piece of paper?
He proudly showed me his new house.
1）可带to的动词有：award, add, bring, carry, compare, deny, give, hand, join, offer, owe, pass, pay, promise, read, refuse, sell, send, show, take, tell, write, etc.
Nobody offered help to me when I was in need.
Did she sell her old car to you?
Last night I wrote a letter to my mom.
2）可带for的动词有：bring, buy, choose, cook, do, fetch, get, leave(给……留下), make, order, play(演奏), praise, punish, reach(伸出), save(储存), write.
Would you please buy a dictionary for me?
I’ll leave a piece of burger for you.
She didn’t bring the letter for me.
⑤ We found him safe and sound.
I caught them stealing apples.
The directors consider him very capable.
They advised him not to accept the offer.
We elected him the new monitor.
You cannot appoint such a weak person to be manager.
（appoint, believe, call, choose, consider, elect, find, make, proclaim, pronounce, prove, see, think）

二、
1．
例：Mr. Wang is a teacher.
They relentlessly seek to find out every aspect of the celebrity’s life and go all out to imitate it.
In that way, celebrity worship can become a sensible and positive thing.
2．
Owen should have married his cousin. It is not at all surprising.
He didn't go to the dinner party. That is the fact.
He will or will not attend the meeting. I don't know it.
Mary is going to marry Tom. Have you heard the news?

The man means what he says.  He is the man.
The gentleman addressed her with courtesy. She met him.
He might listen to his advice. You're the only man
The watch has been found. It was lost
Here is the material. You need the material.

I’ll never forget the day. On that day I met her.
I'll never forget the mountain village. In the mountain village, I spent my childhood.
I don't know the reason. For that reason, he did that.

You cross a main road. You must be very careful.
You keep on trying. You'll certainly succeed.
The speaker can't come. We'll have to cancel the meeting.
Tom always enjoys swimming. The weather is rough.
They climbed to the top of the building. They could get a bird's-eye view of the city.
They got a fright. They dropped the bag and ran away.

②
When they left the airport, they waved again and again to us.
Because I was sick, I stayed at home.

③
I like English. He likes French, too.
The fur coat soft. It is also warm, too.
The car was almost new. It was in excellent condition.
The coat was thin. It was warm.
You must work harder. You will lose the exam.
Your answer is not right. Mine is not right, either.
You are not to blame. I am not to blame, either.
We worked until six. We went home.

三、
（一）
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.
Steve, a New England farmer of no apparent talents, appeared to the country as a symbol of old American virtues: frugality, honesty, hard work, and religious faith.
（二）
The agreements are, I believe, in the best interests of both nations.
You will be receiving shortly, if you haven’t already, the name list along with the agenda.
（三）
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.
（四）
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
（五）
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.
（六）
I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar.
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.
（七）
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.
The coat was thin, but it was warm.
（八）
walk out of the room，slip out of the room，sail out of the room，dance out of the room，stagger out of the room
（九）
The snow began to fall, so we went home.
（十）
This is what I can do.
四、
老栓还踌躇着，黑衣人抢过灯笼，一把扯下纸罩，裹了馒头，塞与老栓，一手抓过洋钱，捏一捏，转身去了。嘴里哼着说…… —— 鲁迅《药》
When Aunt Bette told me about her first sight of the bearded men in the stained blue uniform, she always used the same words.

1. Our parents always expect that we should make progress in school, and will ask why if we fail to do so.
b. Our parents always ____________and ____________.
2. The problem indicates that it is very necessary to modify the system of our higher education.
b. The problem points to the _________of the ________of the system of our higher education.
3. What our people wanted most was to end the uncertain situation.
What our people wanted most was to put an ______to the __________.
4. The mayor said he was very grateful because the construction workers were dedicated and competent.
The mayor expressed his appreciation of the __________and __________of the construction workers.
5. By such methods, our teacher helped us to appreciate beautiful writing and improve our language.
By such methods, our teacher led us to an _______ of beautiful writing and ______of our language.
6. If we don’t recognize the serious problem of growing population, we will make a big mistake.
______ to recognize the _______of growing population will lead to a big mistake.
7. This solution is welcomed by college students immediately.
This solution finds ____________among college students.
8. This incident helps me to know the nature of human beings deeply.
This incident __________________ the nature of human beings.
9. The notion has become more and more popular and accepted by more and more young people.
The notion has found its growing _____and ________among young people.

1. When I first visited Shanghai, I could not find any trees and flowers in the streets. I was really surprised.
______________________ any trees and flowers in the streets when I first visited Shanghai.
2. In the summer vacation, I visited several places and met different kinds of people. I can tell you many wonderful stories about them.
______________about the places I visited and different kinds of people I met during the summer vacation.
3. In this factory, all people from the boss to the workers are devoted to their work. This has made a deep impression on me.
_____to their factory by all people, from the leadership down to all the workers
4. People in my hometown are friendly and ready to help. I was brought up in this small town, so I feel very proud of it.
____________ to have been brought up in a small town where a great sense of friendliness and voluntary service abound.
5. Money and power are what all children are taught to seek when they grow up. But I did not want them, so he was puzzled.
_______________ what all children are taught to seek when they grow up: money and power.
6. As the final exam was drawing nearer I had to stay up much later.
_______________much later by the coming of the final exam.

五、
（一）
1、
(1) Graduate education aim at making scientists．
(2) The CEO and his assistants is to attend the meeting.
(3) Either he or I is going to work on night shift.
(4) The family are planning to move to Hong Kong.
(5) The class is in disagreement over the plan of spring outing.
(6) The president, as well as his aides, love Chinese food very much.
(7) The parents, along with their daughter, is going to swim.
2、
(1) One can never achieve success, unless they work hard.
(2) Working in the day and going to school at night is difficult, but this often leads to outstanding success in life．
3、
(1) Irma waits till the light changed，and then crossed the street．
(2) The teacher explained to the students that light traveled faster than sound.
(3) You will certainly know him better after you will have worked with him for some more time．
(4) He has finished the work one hour ago. (应改为finished)
(5) When he got to the cinema，the film had begun for ten minutes．
4、
(1) The book hasn’t returned yet.
(2) Many countries speak English．
(3) The subject is studied by a number of specialists now．
(4) This machine needs being repaired.
5、
(1) It is difficult for these sentences to translate into Chinese.
(2) I have a lot of things to be done today.
(3) The man hated telling what to do.
(4) Not known what to do, the boy telephoned his father.
(5) Buying a new car, he drove his wife to work every morning.
(6) Seeking the answers to such questions, there is much room for consideration.
（二）
1、
(1) Many things matter to me. For example, health, love, money and so on
(2) As a university student，we do not study as a middle school student．Just reading the textbook all day long．

2、
(1) We should pay attention to run-on sentences mistakes will occur if we ignore them.
(2) There are many students study in the classroom every day.
(3) The main products of this district are wool, cotton, timber, corn.
(4) They asked me for advice, they could not decide what to do.
(5) He lay on his desk, his hands were crossing on his head.
3、
(1) At the age of three, my sister taught me to learn English.
(2) To pass the final exam, more work is needed.
(3) To conclude the meeting, three major points were restated by the manager.
4、
(1) Never before I have seen such a beautiful park.
(2) Only in this way I can finish my work on time.
5、
(1) We saw several monkeys driving down the highway.
(2) She handed the application form to the man with a grin.

6、
(1) Although he is over 70，but he is very healthy.
(2) The price of that pretty skirt is not expensive.
(3) The room has only three chairs．
(4) I think you cannot achieve your goal without hard work.
(5) In China, there is an old saying: birds die for foods，persons die for money．
第三节 段落的扩展
一、
1. When still at his high school, he began to show his outstanding talents in organizing activities.
2. Compare with motorcycle, electric bicycle has more advantages than disadvantages.
3. Our teacher of IELTS writing is a responsible teacher.
4. In a certain sense, writing is amore important means of communication especially in the business case.
5. Interviewees have many different ways to ask about salary.
6. Sociologists have reached a most specialist explanation of culture.
7. After I graduated from my senior high school, I dramatically entered Cambridge, which was totally out of my expectation.
8. According to management experts, a business must do two things to be successful.

二、
People believe that space research has provided many benefits to mankind. They point out that hundreds of useful products, from personal computers to heart pacemakers to gene foods, are the direct or indirect results of space research. They say that weather and communication satellites, which are also products of space programs, have benefited people all over the world. In addition to these practical benefits, supporters of the space programs point to the scientific knowledge that has been acquired about the sun, the moon, the planets, and even our own earth as a result of space research.

Spring and autumn are the two best seasons for wearing jeans, but jeans are suitable for winter and summer as well. In winter, the thick denim could make me feel warmer than some other fabrics. As summer arrives, a kind of jeans made of thinner cloth appeals to me. In my opinion, young people in jeans skirts or shorts are most handsome and beautiful. Imagine a group of youngsters in blue jeans walking toward you, under a blue sky or on a sun beach along which blue waves are shimmering in the sun. What kind of feeling will you have? Deeply impressed by their youthful vitality, you can’t help but wonder at the visible effects created by jeans.

三、
The first thing you can do to protect your identity is to be careful when you dispose of any financial records, credit card statements and offers. Don’t just toss them if you no longer need them, buy a shredder and shred the documents thoroughly before you throw them away. Thieves can get your card number from the statements and use it for their own gain. If you receive credit card offers in the mail, make sure you also