初三英语Unit 5 Topic 2 Section C and D湘教版知识精讲.doc

初三英语Unit 5 Topic 2 Section C and D湘教版
【本讲教育信息】
一、教学内容：
Unit 5: Learning about China.
Topic 2: Confucius, a pioneer in the field of education. Section C and D

二、重点、难点：
单词：revolution 革命
president （共和国的）总统，国家主席，会长，院长
overseas 外国的，海外的
achieve 取得，达到
principle 原则，原理 Three Principles of the People 三民主义
regret 遗憾，懊悔，痛惜
lecture 讨论，讲课，演讲
chairman 主席，会长，议长，董事长
wipe 擦，擦净
KMT= Kuomingtang 国民党
CPC=Communist Party of China 中国共产党
safety 安全场所，安全，保险
enemy 敌人，反对者
attack 攻击，袭击
fear 害怕，恐惧，担心
pupil （小）学生
instruction 说明，须知， 教导
ping-pong 乒乓球
private 私人的，私有的， 个人的
owner 拥有者，物主

词组：in total 共计
as soon as 一……就……
in one’s thirties 在某人三十几岁时
be proud of 为……而骄傲
take an active part in 积极参与
become popular with … 受到……的欢迎，爱戴
bring down 打翻，打垮
break down (健康状况)变得恶劣，损坏，分解，抛锚
pass away 去世，消失
wipe out 彻底消灭，全部摧毁
succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事
wait for 等候，等待

句子：
Finally, Sun Yat-sen（孙逸仙）and his men brought down the Qing dynasty and achieved the victory of the Xinhai Revolution.
Unfortunately, Sun Yat-sen broke down from hard work and passed away full of regrets on March 12th, 1925.
In the autumn of 1933, the Red Army faced the danger of being wiped out by the KMT.
At last , after a long journey of about 25,000li, the Red Army succeeded in arriving in Gansu Province in 1936.
5. Along the way, the Red Army faced the enemy’s attacks and hard living conditions without any fear.

语法知识：将复合句,并列句变为简单句的几种方法:
1. 将宾语从句变为简单句

（1）将宾语从句变为“疑问句+不定式”的结构。如： I want to know how I can get to the park. --- I want to know how to get to the park.
（2）将宾语从句变为非谓语动词。如：One evening I heard that he was playing the piano. --- One evening I heard him playing the piano.
2. 将状语从句变为简单句：
（1）把so… that…句型变为too…to 或enough to结构。如：Tom was so young that he couldn’t go to school.---Tom was too young to go to school. Tom wasn’t old enough to go to school.
（2）原因或条件状语从句可转化为介词短语。如：I finished the work because he helped me. ---I finished the work with his help. People can’t live if there is no water.--- People can’t live without water.
3. 将定语从句变为简单句
（1）当定语从句是主动语态并且是现在进行时态时，可将定语从句改为现在分词短语。如：The man who is speaking English is my friend Jack.---The man speaking English is my friend Jack.
（2）当定语从句是被动语态时，可将定语从句改为过去分词短语。如：This is a book which was written by Lu Xun. ---This is a book written by Lu Xun.
（3）当定语从句中含有介词短语或形容词短语作表语时，可将定语从句改为介词短语。如：The woman who is in a red dress is Mrs. Read. --- The woman in a red dress is Mrs. Read.
4. 将并列句变为简单句
（1）可将两个简单句改为too…to或enough to结构。如：Jim runs very fast and he can catch up with Bill. —Jim runs fast enough to catch up with Bill.
（2）用both…and…, either…or…, neither… nor…, not only… but also… 等连接两个句子的相同成分。如：Jane likes dancing. Maria likes dancing, too. --- Both Jane and Maria like dancing.

【典型例题】
例1. All the children like the teachers_____ can understand them.
A. who B. which C. what D. whom

例2. I like to visit a place _____ history is long.
A. which B. that C. whose D. who

例3. The boy _____ I talked with just now is my best friend.
A. which B. that C. whose D. where
Keys: 1. A 2. C 3. B

【模拟试题】（答题时间：40分钟）
1. Don’t talk about such things of __________ you are not sure.
A. which B. what C. as D. those
2. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day?
A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
3. Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A. that B. where C. which D. the one
4. Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago?
A. that B. where C. which D. the one
5. The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found.
A. that B. where C. in which D. in that
6. The freezing point is the temperature ______ water changes into ice.
A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what
7. This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts..
A. how you have observed B. what you have observed
C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed
8. The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because B. why C. that D. whether
9. I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.
A. all which B. that C. all that D. which
10. That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old.
A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which
11. I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
12. He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.
A. which B. it C. that D. what
13. We’re talking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night.
A. which B. whom C. who D. that
14. The girl __________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.
A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing
15. Those __________ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.
A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn
16. Anyone __________ this opinion may speak out.
A. that against B. against C. who is against D. who are against
17. Didn’t you see the man __________?
A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now
C. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now
18. Can you lend me the novel __________ the other day?
A. that you talked B. you talked about it
C. which you talked with D. you talked about
19. Is there anything __________ to you?
A. that is belonged B. that belongs
C. that belong D. which belongs
20. ---- “How do you like the book?”
---- “It’s quite different from __________ I read last month.”
A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what
21. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except __________ who had already taken them.
A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others
22. The train __________ she was travelling was late.
A. which B. where C. on which D. in that
23. He has lost the key to the drawer __________ the papers are kept.
A. where B. in which C. under which D. which
24. Antarctic __________ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
A. which B. where C. that D. about which
25. It’s the third time __________ late this month.
A. that you arrived B. when you arrived
C. that you’ve arrived D. when you’ve arrived
26. It was in 1969 ______ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.
A. that B. which C. when D. in which
27. May the fourth is the day ______ we Chinese people will never forget.
A. which B. when C. on which D. about which
28. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __________ live my grandparents and some relatives.
A. which B. that C. who D. where

29. The hotel __________ during our holidays stands by the seaside.
A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at
C. we stayed D. in that we stayed
30. Is it in that factory __________ “Red Flag” cars are produced?
A. in which B. where C. which D. that
31 It is the Suez Canal ________ separates Asia _______ Africa.
A. which, to B. where, from
C. that, from D. that, with
32. Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, _______ was a small canoe, with a boy in it.
A. there B. where C. it D. which

33. He is not __________ a fool __________.
A. such, as he is looked B. such, as he looks
C. as, as he is looked D. so, as he looks
34. Is that the reason __________ you are in favour of the proposal?
A. which B. what C. why D. for that
35. He must be from Africa, __________ can be seen from his skin.
A. that B. as C. who D. what
36. He has two sons, __________ work as chemists.
A. two of whom B. both of whom
C. both of which D. all of whom
37. I, __________ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is
38. He is a man of great experience, __________ much can be learned.
A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom
39. ---- Do you know the town at all?
--- No, this is the first time I __________ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
40. I don’t like __________ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that
C. the way which D. the way of which
41. The two things __________ they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair
A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which
42. The dinner was the most expensive meal we __________.
A. would have B. have had
C. had never had D. had ever had
43. Do you know which hotel __________?
A. she is staying B. she is staying in
C. is she staying D. is she staying in
44. There is only one thing __________ I can do.
A. what B. that C . all D. which
45. Who can think of a situation __________ this idiom can be used?
A. which B. that C. where D. in that
46. I have many books, some of __________ are on chemistry.
A. them B. that C. which D. those
47. They were interested __________ you told them.
A. in which B. in that
C. all that D. in everything
48. The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, __________ much help for knowing space.
A. which we think it is B. which we think are of
C. of which we think is D. I think which is of
49. The great day we looked forward to __________ at last.
A. come B. came C. coming D. comes
50. I like the second football match __________ was held last week.
A. which B. who C. that D. /

试题答案
1—5 AADBA 6—10 ABCCA 11—15 AADAD
16—20 CDDBC 21—25 ACBDC 26—30 AADAD
31—35 CABCB 36—40 BBDBA 41—45 BDBBC
46—50 CDBBC