AttributiveClause.doc

Attributive Clause Ⅰ
(定语从句之关系代词)
襄阳市第二中学 钱仕萍
Teaching Aims:（教学目的）
1、了解定语从句的位置、结构。
2、学习并掌握定语从句的规则，尤其是关系代词的用法。
Teaching Points:（教学重点）
1、定语从句及关系代词的概念。
2、关系代词的用法及区分。
3、引导词的省略规则。
Teaching Methods:（教学方法）
1、举例讲解，说明定语从句的用法。
2、以讲练结合的方法加深学生印象。
Teaching Steps:（教学步骤）
一．定义： 
1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 
3.关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 

二.关系代词引导的定语从句
㈠试一试
1.Michael Jackson danced well was famous all over the world.
2.The cat is cute is mine.
3.This is the bike he bought last week.
4.The house roof is brown is mine.

结论1
 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2)  Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. 
(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy （whom） I want to see.  

3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
 (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 

4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 
(1) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
 (2) Where is the man （that/whom） I saw this morning?
 (3) This is the pen （that/which） he bought yesterday. 

5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
 (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.

● whose的先行词指物时, 可用of which代替;指人时，可用of whom代替，
即whose+名词=the +n + of which/whom
=of which/whom + the + n.
1) Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.
Miss Flower is the teacher of whom the house caught fire last week.

2) This is the book whose cover is blue.
This is the book the cover of which is blue.

练习
Do you see the house are all broken? 你看见那个窗户全破的房子没

㈡观察：
1.He did everything ______ he could do for me.
2.That’s the only thing ______ we can do now.
3.This is the best film ______ I’ve seen for years.
4.They talked about the people and things ______ they saw during their journey.
5.Who is the boy ______ shook hands with you just now?

结论2
● 常用that不用which的情况 
1.当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时     
Pay attention to everything that I do. 

2.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 
 This is the best novel (that) have read.  

3.如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时
They were talking about the person and things that they remembered in school. 

4.当先行词被the only, the last the way, the same等饰时
   This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson. 

5.在疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句中,为了避免重复只用that
Which of the students that knows something about history. 

6. 当先行词被All, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时
  He has little time that he can spare. 

㈢观察
1. One ____ has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth.
2.The ones ____ laugh at the disabled are not good students.
3.Anyone ____ fails to finish the task should be punished.
4.Those ____ want to go to The Great Wall sigh up here.

结论3
●下列情况下用who: 
先行词为one, ones, anyone, those等并且指人时 

用适当的关系代词填空
1. The man __________________I saw told me to wait.
2.   Who is the man _______ spoke at the meeting?
3. I know a boy ______ oral English is excellent.
4. Japan is the only country ____ he has ever visited.
5. The mp4 ______ he is using now is made in Japan.:
6. Is there anything ____ you don’t understand?
7. This is one of the most expensive meals ____ I have had.
8. Finally the thief handed everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
9. The table ______ legs were broken has been repaired.
10. The dictionary _______ my father bought yesterday is very useful.

将下列每组句子合并成一个含定语从句的复合句
1The writer is very famous in our city.
We met her yesterday.
.

2. The dress is fashionable.
She is wearing it.

3.The tree is quite tall.
He is climbing it.

4. Do you know the student’s address?
     Her name is Jenny.

5. I want to talk to the boys.
They haven’t handed in their homework.

㈣观察
This is the house ___________ I once lived in.
This is the house I once lived.

He is the doctor _______________ your mother spoke to.
He is the doctor your mother spoke.

结论4
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句（根据先行词还原法） 
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词关系代词引导(先行词若指物关系词只能用which,若指人只能用whom,此时关系词不可省略) 
(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
 (2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.

(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
 (4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. 

(5) We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.
 (6) We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 

练习: 介词+关系代词的使用
1. This is the rock ___________ the boy fell down into the sea.
2. The film star ___________ we talked a lot yesterday will give us a speech tomorrow.
3. The West Lake _________ Hangzhou is famous in the world will be more beautiful.
4. The subject ________ Xiao Wang is good is physics.
5.  Do you like the book ___________she spent $10?
6.  Do you like the book ___________she paid $10?
7.  Do you like the book ___________ she learned a lot?
8.  Do you like the book ______________ she often talks?

Homework
Summarize the rules of relative pronouns.