新沪教版英语七上unit3the-Earth精讲与专练习.doc

Unit3 the Earth
一.要点短语:

1． be covered by… 由……覆盖
2． protect the Earth保护地球
3． many different plants
许多不同的植物
4． some…some… 一些…一些 …
5． on Earth在地球上
6． on the land在陆地上
7． in the sky在空中
8． under the water 在水下面
9． provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb
给某人提供某物
10． make energy 制造能源
11． put … into 把……放进
12． under the ground 在地下
13． stop doing sth停止做某事
14． It is +adj.for sb to sth
对某人来说做某事很…
15． let sb do sth让某人做某事
16． one quarter 四分之一，一刻钟
17． ask sb to do sth让某人做某事
18． catch fish抓鱼
19． fewer and fewer越来越少
20． each year每年
21． throw away 扔掉
22． need sth to do sth 需要某物来做某事
23． keep sb alive 保持某人存活
24． find out 查清楚,弄明白
25． a long time ago = long , long ago
很久以前
26． in the end 最后，终于

二. 要点解释:
1. Read a poster about the Earth.阅读有关地球的宣传海报。
Earth n.意为“地球”，其前面需要定冠词the。 eg：The moon goes round the Earth.
还有“陆地，地面；泥，土”的意思，此时不需要大写。eg：The balloon fell to earth.
on Earth= on (the) earth, 意为“在地球上”。 eg：We live on Earth. 我们生活在地球上。

2.Talk about what we can do to protect the Earth. 讨论为保护地球我们能做些什么。
protect v. 保护 protection n.保护
protect sb./sth. from/against sth保护某人/某物免受…伤害
We must protect the forest from fire. 我们必须保护森林免受火灾。

3. About 70% of the Earth is covered by water. 百分之七十的地球是被水所覆盖.
百分数做主语时，谓语动词要与它所指代的名词相一致.
About 60% of the students in our class are girls. 我们班60%的学生是女孩。
be covered by 被…覆盖着，表动作； The road is covered by leaves in autumn. 秋天这条路盖满了树叶。

4. There are also many people like you and me on Earth.地球上还有很多像你我一样的人。
(1)区分also; too; either
also常用于肯定句中，位于实义动词前，或用于be 动词、情态动词之后；
He also enjoys reading. 他也喜欢阅读 He is also clever. 他也很聪明．
too通常用于肯定句末, 其前有逗号.I really like this song, and I like the first one ,too.
either用于否定句末, 其前有逗号 I don’t like singing. She doesn’t like singing, either.
(2)like v.喜欢 like doing sth喜欢做某事
本句中like是介词，意为＂像„„一样＂ That’s not right. Do it like this. 那样不对，像这样做才对。

5.The Earth provides us with air, water and food. 地球为我们提供了空气、水少食物。
provide及物动词，意为“提供”，provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物.
The sun provides us with light and heat.= The sun provides light and heat for us. 太阳给我们提供光和热。

6. Today, there is a lot of pollution. 今天，有很多污染。
pollution不可数名词，意为“污染”。 air pollution 空气污染 noise pollution 噪声污染
There is a lot of pollution in the air here. 这里的空气有大量的污染。
pollute及物动词，意为“污染；弄脏”
The dirty water from the factory pollutes the river. 来自工厂的脏水污染了这条河。

7. We burn things to make energy.我们燃烧一些东西来制造能量.
burn及物动词，= set .....on fire意为“燃烧；点燃”.
energy不可数名词，意为“能量；能源” make energy“制造能量；获取能量”
She burns all her books. 她把书全烧了。
It is important to save energy. 节省能源十分重要。
Now, people use water, the wind and the sun to make energy. 如今，人们利用水、风和太阳来获取能量。

8.We put our rubbish into the sea and under the ground. 我们把垃圾倒入海洋、埋入地下。
put…into 把…放入…；把…倒入… They put the waste water into the river. 他们把废水倒入河中。
Please put all your toys into the box. 请把你所有的玩具都放入这个箱子里。
拓展】和put有关的短语： put up 举起；张贴 put off 推迟；推延 put away 把„„收拾好
put down 放下；写下；记下 put on 穿上 put out 熄灭；扑灭

9. We must stop doing these things. 我们必须停止做这件事。
stop doing sth 意为“停止做某事”，即停下手头正在做的事情。
It’s time for class.Stop talking. 到上课时间了，不要说话了。
区分：stop doing sth 停止手头正在做的事情
stop to do sth 停下手头的事情，去做另一件事情（停下来去做.......）
We stopped to talk when we met in the street. 当我们在街上碰见时，我们停下来说话。
We are all tired. Let’s stop to have a rest. 我们都累了，停下来休息一会儿吧。

10. It is important for us to protect the Earth for our future. 对我们来说，为未来而保护地球是重要的。
It is+ 形容词adj.+for sb. +动词不定式短语to do sth 对某人来说做某事是…
It is important for us to learn English.对我们来说学英语很重要。
It’s very useful for us to learn English well. 对我们来说学好英语很有用。
It is good for me to eat more vegetables.多吃蔬菜对我而言是有好处的。
以上句型中，有时也可将for sb.省去，即 It is +adj.+ to do sth.做某事是…样的

习题练习
一.同义词
( ) 1. The water in the river is very dirty and it kills lots of fish in it．
A. makes…clean B. makes…healthy C. makes…interesting D. makes…die
( ) 2. We should protect the Earth from now on, or we'll be in danger.
A. keep…safe B. keep…dirty C. keep…fresh D. keep…beautiful
( ) 3.The cars give out lots of bad gases (气体) and they pollute the air.
A. make…clean B. make…fresh C. make…new D. make…dirty
( ) 4. Our school gives us lots of chances to show ourselves.
A.helps…with B. provides…with C. throws…away D. puts…into
( ) 5. The garage isn’t large enough for two cars. A.good B.big C.high D.wide

二.根据句意及首字母提示完成单词.
1.We all know that the E___________ is round.
2. Some people are working in the f___________ by the river.
3. Which one do you like better, the l___________ one or the small one.
4. The l___________ is used for growing food.
5. This article has two p___________.
6. A lion is the king of the f___________.
7.Many peoople still burn wood to make e________.
8.We often have a q_________ at the beginning of the class.
9.Don't t_________ away the rubbish in the river.
10. It's i___________ for us to keepour body healthy.

三.用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. France is a ___________ (beauty) seaside (海边) country.
2. I water the ___________ (plant) twice a week.

3. My dress is ___________ (difference) from yours.
4. I saw many ___________ (animal) in the zoo yesterday.
5. There ___________ (be) two books and a pencil on the desk
6. We can get a lot of _________ (energy) from food.
7. Miss Li, can you help me? I can't solve these difficult ________ (problem).
8.The little girl is so sad that she just can’t stop__________(cry)
9.Three__________(quarter)of teh world’s surface is covered with water.
10.It’s good for us _______(listen)to English often.

四.单项选择.
( ) 1. There are different animals _________ Earth. A. on B．in C. with D. to
( ) 2. ---- What do the plants need to live? ---- They need _________ and water.
A. a light B. lights C. light D. many lights
( ) 3. Where do animals live? ---Some live ___________ the land. Some fly ___________ the sky.
A. on; in B. to on C. in; in D. on; on
( ) 4. Stop _________ around and get on with the job.
A. play B. to play C. plays D. playing
( ) 5. ----_________ is the weather like today in Guangzhou? ---- It is sunny and hot.
A. How B. Why C. What D. When
( ) 6. We are going to listen to Doctor Wang's _________ in the school hall.
A.report B. repeat C. problem D. question
( ) 7. Taiwan is a _________ of China.
A. land B. body C. part D. section
( ) 8. We only have _________ books. A. little B. much C. many D. few
( ) 9. They _______ the children _____ food an;d books.
A. give; with B. provide; with C. provide; for D. give; for
( ) 10. Our teacher always asks us _________ to bed late.
A. going B. not going C. to go D. not to go
( ) 11. ----Don't throw _________ rubbish on the ground. ---- Oh, I'm sorry.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
( ) 12. There _________ a football match between China and Korea this afternoon.
A. has B. is C. had D. was
( ) 13. ---- You look sad, Jack. ---- Our team gets a new job, but ___ is difficult for us to finish it in a day.
A. that B. this C. it D. he
( ) 14. Don't ________ your fingers _________ your mouth. It's bad for your health.
A. put; into B. throw; into C. put; up D. put; aside.
( ) 15. When you do the listening practice, please _________ the important information.
A. catch B. know C. look D. make
( ) 16.It is very important for us ___________ English well!
A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned
( )17.There ____ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.
A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some
( )18.I want to be a farmer _________ my uncle
A as B like C likes D looks like

五.根据汉语提示完成句子
1.一些生活在陆地上。一些飞行在天空中。一些生活在水下。
Some live __________ __________ __________ .Some fly ______________________________.
Some live __________ __________ __________.
2. 地球为我们提供空气、水和食物。
The Earth _________ us __________air, water and food.
3. 我们把垃圾倒入海中或地下。 We __________our rubbish __________the sea and under the ground. 4. 我们必须停止做这些事情。 We must __________ __________ these things
5. 对我们来说，为了未来，保护好地球 是很重要的。
It is important __________ us __________ __________the Earth for our future
6.人们通过燃烧东西来获得能源. People ___________ things to _________ __________