2013年高考英语一轮复习课时作业14-Unit-4-Astronomy-the-science-of-the-stars-新人教版必修3(江西专用).doc

课时作业(十四)　[必修3　Unit 4 Astronomy： the science of the stars]

[限时：30分钟]

Ⅰ.单项填空
1．[2011·山东卷] —Are you going to Tom's birthday party？
—________. I might have to work.
A．It depends B．Thank you
C．Sounds great D. Don't mention it
2．[2011·陕西卷] The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be________the present one.
A. as three times big as
B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times
D. as big three times as
3．________ by his impressive performance， Peter will probably be accepted by a key university.
A．To judge B．Being judged
C．Judged D．Judging
4．Our football team will compete against the Japanese team this evening.Let's go and________ them ________，shall we？
A．cheer； up B．join； up
C．add； up D．pick； up
5．—Some Chinese students find it hard to adapt to the life when in London.
—Exactly， ________ they've learnt a lot about the city before.
A．if only B．now that
C．as though D．even though
6．________young people see and hear in the media helps them to figure out how the world works.
A．Which B．That
C．What D．How
7．________ with the question the students raised， the teacher paused for a few seconds.
A．Puzzling B．To puzzle
C．Puzzled D．Being puzzled
8．According to the report， the American government didn't intend to have its troops ________ of war zone.
A．pulled out B．dropped out
C．driven out D．run out
9．China's new food law provides for a food recall system________ producers have to stop production if their food isn't up to standards.
A．where B．that
C．when D．which
10．The harm the modern farming methods have done________ the countryside is considerable.
A．on B．to
C．at D．for
11．It remains unknown ________ the peace talk between the two countries is going to lead.
A．where B．when
C．how D．why
12．[2011·北京卷] ________Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
A. Which B. What
C. That D. Whom
13．—I am going to be a volunteer at the Olympic Games to be held in London.
—________！ Me， too.
A．That's it B．You're welcome
C．No problem D．That's great
14．The villagers were often in________ clashes with each other years before the agreement was________.
A．interesting； arrived
B．peaceful； reached
C．violent； reached
D．spiritual； arrived
15．The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly________.
A．atmosphere B．state
C．situation D．phenomenon
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Surface Exploration. Robots make great explorers on planets，moons，and other landing areas.Aside from Earth，just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore.The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe，making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment.The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand.Plus there would be complications with radiation，weather，and a lack of gravity.Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under these conditions.
Data Collection. Robots are designed for collecting scientific data.Robots are also able to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently.Important scientific projects from detecting minerals，analyzing ground samples，and finding water are all performed much quicker and more accurately(精确地)by robots.
Cost Effective. The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work.In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry humans，but also have enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip.Moreover，robots have no problems working for hours on end.Robots never complain，they don't require food or water，and they never need a bathroom break.
Space Travel. Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space.Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are the Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars.They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars' history.
16．According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true？
A．The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of humans.
B．It may be dangerous for human to explore the solar system except the earth.
C．Both the Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water in the Mars.
D．Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully.
17．Which column of the passage could come from？
A．Education. B．Finance.
C．Travel. D．Science.
18．The underlined phrase “withstand” most probably means “________”.
A．arise B．bear
C．defeat D．diverse
19．What is the writer's attitude in writing this passage？
A．Negative. B．Persuasive.
C．Subjective. D．Objective.
20．While sending an astronaut into the space，we should consider the following except ________.
A．the radiation B．the oxygen
C．the diet D．the alien

Ⅲ.阅读表达
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到相应的横线上(请注意问题后的词数要求)。
[1] I was walking in the park with a friend recently， and his cell phone rang， interrupting our conversation. There we were， walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day. But I became invisible， absent from the conversation.
[2] The telephone used to connect you to the absent. Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent. Recently I was in a car with three friends. The driver told us to be quiet because he could not hear the person on the other end of his cell phone. There we were， four friends going down the highway， unable to talk to one another because of a tool designed to make communication easier.
[3] Why is it that the more connected we get， ____________________？ Every advance in communications technology is a hurt to the closeness of human interaction (互动). With e－mail and instant messaging over the Internet， we can now communicate without seeing or talking to one another. With voice mail， you can conduct entire conversations without ever reaching anyone.
[4] More and more I find myself hiding behind e－mail to do a job meant for conversation. Or being relieved that voice mail picked up because I didn't really have time to talk. The industry devoted to helping me keep in touch is making me lonelier.
[5] So I've put myself on technology restriction： no instant messaging with people who live near me， no cell－phoning in the presence of friends， no letting the voice mail pick up when I' m home.
21．What does the author say about communications technology according to the first two paragraphs？ (no more than 15 words)
________________________________________________________________________
22．According to Paragraph 1， what happened when the author was walking and talking？ (no more than 5 words)
________________
23．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
24．Does the author restrict his own activity to improving the situation？ (no more than 15 words)
________________________________________________________________________
25．What does the word “he” (Line 4， Paragraph 2) probably refer to？ (no more than 4 words)
________________________________________________________________________

课时作业(十四)
Ⅰ.1.A　本题考查交际用语。根据答语中的I might have to work可以判断回答者不一定参加汤姆的生日聚会。It depends意为“这得看情况”，符合句意。B项表示感谢；C项意为“听起来不错”；D项意为“不用谢”。
2．B　考查倍数的表达方式。此处用到了as…as…结构，倍数位于前一个as之前，故选B。其余选项与题意不符。
3．D　考查固定短语的用法。此处Judging by是介词短语，意为“根据……判断”。
4．A　考查短语辨析。“为某人加油”用cheer sb. up。 句意为：今晚我们队要和日本队比赛，让我们去给他们加油助威吧。
5．D　考查让步状语从句。句意：“一些中国学生发现在伦敦的时候很难适应那里的生活。”“的确如此。尽管他们以前对这个城市有了很多的了解。”if only “只要”；now that “既然”；as though “好像”；even though “即使”。even though 符合题意。
6．C　考查主语从句。语境为：年轻人通过媒体听到的和看到的事情帮助他们了解周围的世界是如何运转的。“young people see and hear in the media”中动词see和hear缺少宾语，因此空白处应填What。
7．C　考查非谓语动词的用法。puzzle的用法为“puzzle sb”，the teacher与puzzle之间的关系为被动，所以答案选C。
8．A　考查动词短语辨析。A意为“拉出，撤出”；B意为“脱离，退出”；C意为“驱赶出”；D意为“用完”。句意为： 根据这份报告，美国政府没打算把部队撤出战区。
9．A　考查定语从句。句意为：中国新的食品法规定了食品召回制度，即如果食品达不到标准，生产者就必须停止生产。先行词为a food recall system，定语从句为producers have to stop production if their food isn't up to standards(in the food recall system)，故选A。
10．B　do harm to sb/sth为固定短语，意为“对……有害”，且“the modern farming…countryside”为定语从句修饰harm。故选B。
11．A　考查主语从句。句意：两个国家的和平谈判要走向何方至今还不知道。It为形式主语，where the peace talk between the two countries is going to lead为主语从句，在主语从句中，有主语、谓语，where作状语。故选A项。
12．B　考查名词性从句。what引导一个主语从句，并在从句中作offer的宾语(构成offer sth. to sb结构)。句意为：巴巴拉·琼斯提供给她的粉丝的是诚实和快乐。
13．D　考查交际用语。根据对话中的Me，too可知，答话人与对方的看法一致，认为对方的想法很好。
14．C　句意为：在协议签署前的几年里村民们经常相互间发生猛烈的冲突。violent “猛烈的”；violent clashes “猛烈的冲撞/冲突”；reach an agreement “达成协议”。
15．A　句意：两国高层领导人之间的会谈在友好的气氛中进行。atmosphere “气氛”；state “状态”；situation “处境”；phenomenon “现象”，由句意可知A项正确。
Ⅱ.主要介绍了机器人是如何在一些星体进行太空探索及与人相比所占的优势及所起的作用等等。
16．A　细节理解题。由第三段第一句“The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work.”可知使用机器人进行太空探索比人类做这项工作花费更少，因此A项说花费更多是有误的。
17．D　推理判断题。本文主要关于机器人在太空探索中的运用，这应该属于科学栏目，故选D项。
18．B　词义猜测题。前面提到这些表面太热或太冷应该是会让人难以忍受，故选B项，bear意为“忍受”。
19．D　推理判断题。综观全文可知作者只是客观地介绍了机器人在太空探索中的使用，并未带有其他的否定的、说服性的或者是主观的看法，故选D项。
20．D　细节理解题。在本文的第一部分提到了A、B两项“辐射”和“氧气”问题，在第三段提到了C项“饮食”问题。在本文并未提到有关“外星人”的情况，故选D项。
Ⅲ.本文主要就目前手机、即时消息等的存在阻碍了人面对面地交流，让人感觉失落孤单这一情况展开议论。
21．The cell phone gets in the way of face－to－face communication./Communications technology is interfering with human contact. / The cell phone does harm to the closeness of human interaction. / The cell phone is a hurt to the closeness of human interaction.
主旨大意题。由第一、二段中的“But I became invisible, absent from the conversation … Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent …unable to talk to one another because of a tool designed to make communication easier.”可知手机的存在阻碍了人与人之间的面对面交流，对人们之间的交流造成了伤害。
22．His cell phone rang.
根据第一段第一句得知作者正在公园里跟一个朋友一边散步一边谈话时，他的手机响了。
23．the more disconnected we feel/ the lonelier we feel/ the farther away we seem to be/the more left out we feel
句子填空题。由语境可知此句与空格前半句“… the more connected we get …”表达相反的含义，即我们的联系越多，我们感觉越孤单。
24．Yes. For example, he doesn't contact people living near him with instant messaging. / Yes. For example, he doesn't use his cell phone in the presence of friends. / Yes. He doesn't let the voice mail pick up when he is at home.
归纳表达题。本文最后一段“So I've put myself on technology restriction: no instant messaging with people who live near me, no cell－phoning in the presence of friends, no letting the voice mail pick up when I' m home.”可知作者尽量在不用短信与住在自己附近的人交流；朋友在时不用手机；在家里不让语音邮件的声音响起。
25．The driver.
代词指代题。由画线词所在句“The driver told us to be quiet because he could not hear …”可知he指的是the driver。