建筑学专业浅论绿色施工技术现状及在工程实践中的应用.docx

大连大学DALIAN UNIVERSITY题目名称：浅论绿色施工技术现状及在工程实践中的应用 所 在 学 院 ： 建筑工程学院 专业（班级）： 建筑学101班 学生姓名： 侯文楠 指导教师： 浅论绿色施工技术现状及在工程实践中的应用摘要ABSTRACTThis paper summarizes the application status and shortage of green costruction technology in our country, but with the enhancement of environmental awareness among the public, green construction technology application has become one of the topics of common concern, it is beneficial to improve peoples living quality, the pursuit of the harmony of nature, architecture and human, and realize the sustainable development of energy saving and environmental protection targets. Based on this point, the present situation of green construction technology and its application in construction engineering to discuss the construction technology is refers to the method of building form, is the process of construction drawings into practice adopted by technology, and green construction technology is to point to in the tradition of various kinds of construction technology of how to carry out clean production and reduced materialized and so on the green idea, make it embodied in traditional construction technology and process of the production process each link. Saving resource and energy, reduce emissions of pollutants, protect the ecological environment. Such as from the branch of engineering construction technology to explore how to achieve green, such as the division of engineering construction scheme selection, satisfy the need of engineering construction and the principle of green construction. Use the right method to select the best construction scheme. Anyway, try to consider in the process of construction of saving resource and energy, and make our environment as far as possible are violated, follow the principle of clean production and reduce material production on the basis of the principle of choosing the most appropriate construction technology, is the highest level of green evaluation of the construction plan. Currently, green construction technology has become the core competitiveness of construction enterprise, is not only beneficial to improve the image of the construction enterprises, but also to reduce energy consumption of construction enterprise, construction quality control, to achieve good social benefits and economic benefits and environmental benefits. Keywords: building engineering, construction, green construction technology 目 录2.1.1汽车道的防尘污染措施：施工现场内的主要汽车道路全部进行混凝土硬化处理，现场内未硬化的部位用密目网封闭或种植绿色植物，并在主要路边及办公区域摆放盆栽绿色植物。2.1.2施工现场及办公区的防尘污染措施：施工现场、办公区域、职工住宅均派专人负责清洁卫生。清扫时必须洒水湿润，避免尘土飞扬，随时保持整个施工现场内干净整洁。2.1.3运输工具及时清理及封闭:施工运输车辆、挖掘机械驶出工地前必须冲洗干净后方可出场。污水沉淀池内分二隔，采用10钢筋网遮盖。运输沙、石、水泥、土方、垃圾等易产生扬尘污染的车辆，必须封闭，严禁撒漏。2.1.4垃圾的清理：（1）严禁抛撒建筑垃圾，防止尘土飞扬。清扫场地和楼层必须采用湿法作业。建筑垃圾及时清运，适当洒水减少扬尘，并在指定的处理场处理。不能及时清运的，应在建设工地设置临时密闭性垃圾堆放场地或垃圾箱进行存放。（2）设置专人清运建筑垃圾，做好现场文明施工，对各层施工后及时清扫，清扫时做到先洒水，润湿后铲除清扫，防止粉尘飞扬。2.1.5泥土堆积防尘措施：建筑工地进行土方开挖时，堆土要相对集中，存在时间超过一个月的，必须采取覆盖、固化或绿化等措施。短时存放的要采取洒水降尘等措施，并设专人负责。对于松散颗粒或粉状材料，采取砌墙围挡，其上表面用竹席覆盖，防止刮风时粉尘弥漫，影响环境卫生。遇有四级风以上的天气，停止土方施工。2.1.6绿化建设：认真做好施工总平面管理。对施工场地周边采取专人管理，为了保持场地洁净，每天进行23次洒水清扫，对绿化地段的花草树木定期洒水冲洗尘土。2.1.7创造不烟生活区：生活区食堂及锅炉房可烧无烟煤、天燃气、焦炭等，严禁烧有烟煤。严禁在施工现场焚烧废弃物，防止有毒烟尘和恶臭气体产生。2.1.8其他管理:（1）、对易燃、易爆、油品和化学品的采购、运输、贮存、发放和使用后对废弃物的处理制定专项措施，并设置专人管理。（2）、对施工机械进行全面的检查和维修保养，保证设备始终处于良好状态，避免泄漏和废油、废弃物造成的污染，杜绝重大安全隐患的存在。（3）、生活垃圾与施工垃圾分开，并及时组织清运。（4）、施工作业人员不得在施工现场围墙以外逗留、休息，人员用餐必须在施工现场生活区以内。（5）、项目经理部配置粉尘测试器具，对现场扬尘等进行监测，并委托环保部门定期到对包括污水排放在内的各项环保指标进行测试。项目经理部对环保指标超标的项目及时采取有效措施进行处理。2.2.1建设工地施工场界噪声限值：1、不同施工阶段作业噪声限值表：施工阶段主要噪声源噪声限值昼间(分贝)夜间(分贝)土石方推土机、挖掘机、装载机等7555打井各种打井机等85禁止施工结构振捣棒、电锯等7055其它其它机械65552、表中所列噪声值是指与敏感区域相应的建筑施工场地边界线处的限值。3、如有几个施工阶段同时进行，以高噪声阶段的限值为准。2.2.2建设工地防噪声污染的措施：1、人为噪声的控制。施工现场要文明施工，建立健全控制人为噪声的管理。增强全体施工人员防噪声扰民的自觉意识，尽量减少人为的大声喧哗。2、强噪声作业时间的控制。凡在居民稠密区进行强噪声作业的，严格控制作业时间，晚间作业不超过22时，早晨作业不早于6时，特殊情况需连续作业（或夜间作业）的，应尽量采取降噪措施，事先做好周围群众的工作。3、强噪声机械的降噪措施。涉及产生强噪声的成品、半成品加工、制做作业，应尽量放在工厂、车间完成，减少因施工现场加工制作产生的噪声。尽量选用低噪声或备有消声降噪设备的的施工机械。施工现场的强噪声机械（如：搅拌机、电锯、电刨、砂轮机、切割机、柴油发电机等）要设置封闭的降噪棚，以减少强噪声的扩散。4、夜间运输材料的车辆进入施工现场，严禁鸣笛，装卸材料应做到轻拿轻放。5、加强施工现场的噪声监控。加强施工现场环境噪声的长期监测，采取专人监测、专人管理的原则，根据测量结果填写建筑施工现场噪声测量记录表，凡超过施工场界噪声限值标准的，要及时对施工现场噪声超标的有关因素进行调整，达到施工噪声不扰民的目的。