状语从句引导词讲解.doc

状语从句
一、 引导状语从句的连词
状语从句名称
常考连词
时间

when, while, as
as soon as
hardly……when…= scarcely……when…= no sooner……than…
since, before, after, till, untill
the moment = the minute = the second = the instant = instantly = immediately = derectly
every time, each time, the first time, the last time, next time, by the time, any time

地点
where
条件
if, on condition that, unless, in case, so long as = as long as, as far as ( I know ) = so far as ( I know )

原因
because, as, for (并列连词)， since, now that, when, seeing that, considering that

结果
such…that…, so……that…, so that, so, that

目的

so that, in order that, for fear that, in case

让步
although, though, as, while,
even if = even though,
wh-ever = no matter wh-
whether…or not
比较
as……as…, not as/ so……as…, more……than…., less……than…

方式
as, as if = as though

二、 用法
时间状语从句
（一） when, while和as 意为“当……时”
while只与延续性动词连用
注意：
1）be about to do /be on the point of doing /be doing /be on the way to sp./ had done sth. +when连用时译为“正在这时”或“忽然”。
2) as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边…, 一边…”或“随着…”
（二）until/ till 意为“直到” not……until…意为“直到…时才…”

注意：not …until句型中的强调和倒装用法
I didn’t leave until she came back.
强调：It wasn’t until she came back that I left.
倒装：Not until she came back did I leave.

（三）before 意为“在……之前”或“未来得及……”
He ran off before I could stop him.
注意：
1）It was/ will/may be…….before……意为“过多久才……”
It was a long time before I got to sleep again.
It will be five years before we meet again.

2) It wasn’t/ won’t be long before……意为“不久就……”
It wasn’t long before I realized I was wrong.
It won’t be long before you regret what you have done.
（四） since 意为“自……以来”。通常主句用完成时。
I have written home four times since I came here.
注意：
“It is/ has been + 时间段 + since……”句型中，since 后用瞬间动词时正常翻译用延续性动词时具有否定含义。
It is three years since the war broke out.
It is three years since I smoked a cigar (= since I stopped smoking a cigar).

（五） as soon as, no sooner……than……, hardly/ scarcely…..when……，hardly……before…
the moment, the minute, the second，the instant
immediately, directly, instantly 意为“一……就…..”
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.

让步状语从句
注意：although 不倒 though 倒/ 不倒 as 必倒
while 句首
Young as he is, he knows a lot.
Try as he did, he failed to pass the driving test.
Hard as he worked, his boss was not satisfied.