九年级英语全册 Unit 9 By the time I got outsidethe bus had already left教学综述 人教新目标版.doc

Unit 9 By the time I got outside，the bus had already left
教学综述
一. 本周教学内容：
Unit 9 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.
一. 学习目标（Language Goal）
1. Learn to narrate past events. 学会描述过去所发生的事情。
2. Learn to express something with Past Perfect Tense.
学习使用过去完成时态。
3. Strengthen the consciousness of doing things regularly.
做事加强连续性，有条不紊。

二. 语言结构（Language Structures）
1. Past perfect Tense过去完成时
2. “By the time”和“when”引导的时间状语从句

三. 目标语言（Target language）
1. By the time she got up, her brother had already gone into the bathroom.
2. By the time she went outside, the bus had already gone.
3. By the time she got to class, the teacher had already started teaching.
4. When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home.
5. Have you ever overslept?
6. Have you ever been late for school?

四. 重点词组（Key phrases）
1. by the time 到…时候为止
2. get outside 到外边
3. get to school 到学校
4. get up 起床
5. get into the shower 去洗澡
6. get home 到家
7. start doing/ to do sth 开始做某事
8. be late for 迟到
9. go off （闹钟）闹响
10. wake up 醒来
11. come out 出来，出现
12. run off 迅速离开，跑掉
13. on time 准时
14. in time 及时
15. come by （走）过来
16. give sb a ride 让某人搭车
17. break down 损坏，坏掉
18 show up 出席，露面
19. stay up 熬夜
20. a costume party 一个化装舞会
21. sth happen to sb 某事发生在某人身上
22. so …that … 如此…以至于
23. set off 出发，开始
24. April Fool’s Day 愚人节
25. get married 结婚
26. marry sb 与某人结婚
27. both …and… 二者…都…
28. get dressed 穿好衣服
29. on the first day 在第一天
五. 语法重点（Grammar Focus）
1. Past perfect Tense过去完成时
构成：had +过去分词（had没有人称和数的变化）
过去完成时可以表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或呈现的状态。也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。既然过去完成时的动作发生在过去某一时间之前，那么，使用过去完成时就必须先有这样一个过去的时间。
e.g. I had finished my homework before supper.
我在晚饭前把作业做完了。
句中的supper既是过去某一时间，而had finished这一动作就是在supper之前完成的。如果只说I had finished my homework. 听者会觉得难以理解。由此可见，过去完成时是个相对的时态，它不能离开过去的时间而独立存在。
e.g. By the end of that year Henry had collected more than one thousand foreign stamps.
到那年年底，亨利已经收集了一千多张外国邮票。（过去时间是the end of that year）
e.g. When we got there, the football match had already started.
当我们到那里时，足球比赛已经开始了。（过去时间是when从句）
2. when和by the time引导的时间状语从句
by the time到…时候为止，指从过去某一点到从句所示的时间为止，这一时间段。
when 当…时候，指过去的某一时间点。从句用一般过去时，主句为过去完成时。
e.g. By the time she got up, her brother had already gone into the bathroom.
到她起床的时候，她的弟弟已经去洗澡间了。
By the time she went outside the bus had already gone.
到她走到外面的时候，公共汽车已经走了。
When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home.
当她到学校的时候，她意识到她把书包放在家里了。
（在这句话中，过去的时间点为“到校”的时候，“她把书包放在家里”则发生在“过去的过去”。）
3. How to narrate past events.
如何描述过去的事件。
描述过去的事件，首要注意一点是时态。由于事情发生在过去，因此一定要用过去的某种时态。但如果是直接引语（如在双引号“”之内），则根据当时的情况来决定。

请看例文1：
It was Sunday. I went to a pool to fish. I thought there must be some fish for me to catch. I held my fishing pole, waiting patiently. Suddently a big fish was caught. I was glad and put it into my little basket. Before long my sister came. Without a word she put back the fish into the water. I was astonished. I really thought she became mad. She ordered me to put down the fishing pole and led me to a place not far away. There stood a sign, reading “No fishing”. I realized that I was making a mistake.

（注意观察文中时态的应用）
例2：请大声朗读Section A 3a，并找出其中用到的时态。
六. 疑难解析（Key Points）
1. 关于get的词组小结
在本单元出现大量关于get的词组，要注意背诵
get to school 到学校 get to class 到班级
get into the shower 去洗澡
get outside 到外边
get home 到家
get up 起床
get married 结婚
get dressed 穿好衣服
2. I’ve never been late for school, but yesterday I came very close.
我上学从不迟到，但是昨天我险些迟到。
close adv. （副词）邻近地、接近地，意思是接近上课时间才到校。
3. Have you ever been an April fool?
你曾经做过愚人节傻瓜吗？
April Fool’s Day愚人节 每年的四月一日，在那天，如果被人愚弄的人就被称为April fool. （愚人节傻瓜）
4. He had changed the clock to an hour earlier.
他把表调快了一个小时。
change…to（into）… 把…变成…
e.g. Please change these sentences into English.
请把这些句子译成英文。
5. I only just made it to my class.
我刚好赶上上课。
only just“刚刚才、恰好”
eg. They’ve only just gotten up. 他们刚刚起身。
make it 办成功，做到、赶到
eg. You can’t make it to the other shore in this weather.
天气这样恶劣，你可到不了对岸。
6. Welles was so convincing that hundreds of people believed the story, and panic set off across the whole country.
Welles是如此地让人信任，以致于成百上千的人都相信了这个故事，进而激起了全国性的恐慌。
（1）so …that…句型中，so后面应加一个形容词或副词，意为“如此…以至于…”
eg. This book is so interesting that everybody in our class wants to read it.
这本书是如此的有趣以至于全班同学都想看看。（so+形容词）
He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.
他跑得那么快，以致于我跟不上他so+副词）
so…that引导的是表示结果的状语从句，但不一定要死套“如此…以至于”的模式来译成汉语。
eg. It was so dark that he couldn’t see the faces of his companions.
天太黑了，他不能看见同伴的脸。
（2）so that主要用来引导目的状语从句，其从句中的谓语动词通常和can, may, should等情态动词连用，而且主句和从句之间不使用逗号意为“以便，使能够”。
e.g. They set out early so that they might arrive in time.
他们早早地出发以便按时到达。
Let’s take the front seats so that we may see more clearly.
我们坐在前排吧，以便可以看得更清楚。
7. By the time the authorities revealed that the story was a hoax, thousands of people had fled from their homes.
当权威机构揭露这个故事是一个骗局时，成千上万的人已经逃离家园。
8. The TV star lost both his girlfriend and his show.
那个电视明星既失去了他的女朋友，也失去了他的电视节目。
both …and… 二者都