音义联系Phonaesthetics讲解.pptx

按一下以編輯母片標題樣式,按一下以編輯母片,第二層,第三層,第四層,第五層,#,音 義 聯 繫,Phonaesthetics,（第,2,版,2nd Edition,）,伍德基,T.K.NG,black,黑色,blue,藍色,blond,金黃色,bleach,漂白,blood,血液,blush,臉紅,b.,閃光,blaze,火焰,blink,閃亮、眨眼,blip,雷達上光點,blitz,閃電戰,1.bl-,a.,顏色,blare,光澤,blende,閃鋅礦,blitz,閃電戰,blinder,閃光燈,blind,盲的,2.,ip,a.,小,blip,雷達上光點,chip,碎片,clip,夾子，剪,dip,浸、蘸,drip,滴,flip,彈,grip,緊夾,kip,小牛皮,lip,嘴唇,nip,捏、夾、小飲,pi,p,種子、小毛病,quip,妙語,rip,撕裂,sip,呷、吸吮,slip,紙片，滑,tip,小費，頂,trip,絆倒，旅行,whip,鞭子，抽打,zip,拉鏈,3.cl-,a.,抓住,clamber,爬,clasp,扣緊,claw,抓,cleave,黏住,clench,緊緊抓住,climb,爬,clinch,釘牢,cling,緊貼,clutch,抓住,clam,夾鉗、蛤蚌,clip,夾,clamp,夾鉗,b.,叮噹、喀,嚓,聲或相關動作,cl,ang,叮噹,clank,叮噹,clash,碰撞,clatter,咔嗒,click,滴答,clink,叮噹,cluck,咯咯,clap,拍擊,clip,剪,clock,鐘,clumsy,笨拙,4.cr-,a.,爬行或蜷伏,crawl,爬行,creep,爬,crouch,蜷縮,b.,喀嚓聲或相關動作,crack,破裂,crackle,噼啪,crash,墜落,creak,吱吱,crisp,脆,croak,嘎嘎,crumb,弄碎,crumble,粉碎,crumple,弄皺,crunch,咬碎,crush,壓碎,cry,叫喊,c.,交叉、十字形,crisis,危機,cross,十字形、穿越,crotchet,叉架,crucial關鍵時刻,cruise,巡邏,crusade,十字架,5.dr-,a.,拽、拖,drag,拽,draw,拉，畫,drawer,抽屜,b.,與水有關,dregs,渣滓,drench,濕透,dribble,滴下,drift,漂流,drip,滴,drizzle,細雨,drop,落下,dry,乾燥,(,無水,),drought,旱災,(,無水,),drabble,拖泥帶水,drain,排水,drib,點滴,drink,喝,drool,流口水,drown,淹死,6.fl-,a.,突然或快速的動作、呼啦聲,flack,對空炮火,flap,拍打,flare,閃耀,flash,閃光,flee,逃跑,flick,閃爍,flicker,閃爍,fling,投擲,flirt,搖晃地擺動,flit,輕快飛過,flood,湧出,fluent,流利,flush,沖洗,flutter,鼓翼,flurry,慌張,fly,飛,b.,液體或氣體的動作,flap,拍打,flit,迅速飛過,float,漂浮,flood,湧出,flow,流動,flush,沖洗,flux,流出,fly,飛,flight,飛行,fleet,艦隊,fluctuate,波動,fluid,流體,flume,水槽,7.fr-,a.,脆弱,fragile,易碎,frail,脆弱,b.,變化狀態,fret,使煩惱,frizzle,卷曲,frustrate挫敗,fry,煎,c.,寒冷,freeze,冷凍,frigid,寒冷,frost,霜,frozen,凍結的,d.,自由不拘,frank,坦白的,free,自由的,8.gl-,a.,閃光,glare,刺眼的光,glaze,上光,(,釉玻璃,),glass,玻璃,(,反光,),gleam,閃爍,glide,滑動,glimmer,微光,glint,閃爍,glisten,閃光、反光,glister,光輝,glitter,閃光,glory,光榮,gloss,光澤,glossy,光滑的,glow,紅光,glim,燈光,gloam,矇矓,gloom,矇矓、黑暗,b.,看,glance,一瞥,glimpse瞥見，微光,glower,怒目而視,b.,抓取,grab,抓取,grasp,抓緊,grip,握緊,gripe,抓牢、腹痛,grape,葡萄,9.gr-,a.,抱怨聲,groan,呻吟,grouch,發牢騷,grouse,埋怨,growl,咆哮,grin,呲牙咧嘴,gripe,抱怨,grizzle,發脾氣,gruff,脾氣壞的,grumble,抱怨,grutt,哼哼,10.sc-,a.,發生在表面上的動作或結果,scald,燙,scale,剝落,scar,結疤,scoop,鏟,scorch,燒焦,score,刻痕,b.,憤怒或蔑視,scoff,嘲弄,scold,責罵,scorn,輕蔑,scoundrel,無賴,scowl,怒目而視,11.scr-,a.,摩擦動作或聲音,scramble,攀登,scrape,刮,scratch,搔,scrawl,亂塗,scream,尖叫,screech,尖叫,screw,擰螺絲,scrub,擦,12.shr-,a.,尖叫,shriek,尖叫,shrill,尖叫聲,b.,收縮,shrivel,使起皺紋,shrug,聳肩,shrink,收縮,13.sk-,a.,表皮或表面,skate,滑水,skim,撇去表面浮物,skitter,掠過水面,ski,滑雪,skin,皮膚,skip,略過,14.sl-,a.,滑動,sled,乘雪撬,sleek,柔滑,sleigh,乘雪撬,slick,光滑,slide,滑動,slip,滑倒,slippery,光滑的,slither,不穩地滑動,sly,狡猾,b.,懶,slattern,懶婦,slob,懶漢,sloth,懶惰,slouch,懶散,slovenly,懶散的,sluggard,懶鬼,slow,慢的,c.,泥濘,slimy,泥濘的,slosh,泥濘,sludge,淤泥,slush,爛泥,slack,懶散的,slake,使緩和,sluggish,懶散的,d.,薄或細,slender,苗條,slight,輕微的,slim,苗條,e.,切或殺,slice,切片,slit,切開,slaughter,屠宰,slay,宰殺,f.,睡眠,sleep,睡眠,slumber,睡眠,15.sm-,a.,煙,smoke,抽煙,smog,煙霧,smolder,熏燒,smother,濃煙,smudge,用濃煙熏,smut,黑煙灰,b.,玷污,smear,玷污,smutch,塵垢,smirch,弄髒,smooch,污跡,16.sn-,a.,與鼻子有關,sneer,嘲笑,sneeze,打噴嚏,sniff,用鼻子勁吸,snivel,流鼻涕,snore,打鼾,snort,噴鼻聲,snout,口鼻部位,snuff,嗅聞,snuffle,用鼻音講,b.,抓,snap,猛咬,snare,陷阱,snatch,攫,17.spr-,a.,展開,sprawl,爬,spray,噴,spread,伸展,sprinkle,噴撒,b.,生育,spring,春天，泉水,sprout,發芽,c.,鬼鬼祟祟,snaffle,偷,sneak,潛行,snake,蛇,snitch,告密,snoop,窺探,snug,隱藏的,str-,a.,跨,straddle,跨騎,stride,大步行走,strut,大搖大擺地走,b.,繩、綫、條及其作用,straight,直的,strain,拉緊,strand,一股綫,strangle,扼死,strap,帶,streak,條紋,stress,壓力,stretch,伸展,strict,嚴格,string,綫,stringent,嚴格,stringy,像綫的,strip,條紋,stripe,條紋,19.sw-,a.,搖搖,swagger,大搖大擺,sway,搖擺,swing,搖動,b.,突然,swerve,突然轉向,swift,迅速的,switch,關關,swoon,暈厥,swoop,猛扑,swash,晃動,swirl,渦動,swag,搖晃,swith,快速地,wrangle,爭吵,wrath,憤怒,wreck,遇難,wreath,花圈,wrest,扭奪,wrench,猛扭,wrick,扭傷,wrestle,扭打、摔角,wrap,卷、包纏,wreathe,環繞、扎圈,wriggle,蠕動,wring,扭紋,wrinkle,皺,writhe,繞,wry,扭歪的,20.wr-,a.,扭曲,擰,皺或變形,wrinkle,皺紋,wrist,腕,trace,跟蹤,track,跟蹤,traffic,交通,tram,有軌電車,travel,旅行,trample,蹂躪、踩,treadle,踏板,tread,喘、踏,trail,蹤跡,tramp,踐踏,trek,跋涉,trespass,侵入,trip,旅行,trudge,跋涉,21.tr-,a.,發自腳的動作,train,火車,traverse,橫越,trickle,慢慢移動,trolly,推車,trot,小步跑,truck,卡車,troop,部隊,garb,裝束garland,花環,garment,服裝,garnish,裝飾,22.gar-,a.,裝飾打,扮,23.j-,a.,與歡樂,笑有關,enjoy,享受,jeer,嘲笑,jest,嘲笑,jibe,嘲笑,joke,玩笑,jolly,快活的,joy,歡樂,joyful,歡樂的,jubilant,喜洋洋的,rejoice,喜悅,judge,法官,判斷,judgment,判斷,judicial,司法的,jury,陪審團,justify,辯証,justice,司法、正義,juror,陪審員,just,公正的,23.j-,b.,與判斷或法律有關,clap,鼓掌,flap,鼓翼,lap,拍打,tap,輕拍,slap,拍撃,24.-ap,a.,拍打,b.,抓住,snap,猛咬,strap,用帶縛,trap,設陷阱,wrap,包着,c.,活力,sap,元氣,zap,活力,bash,猛擊,clash,踫撞,crash,墜落,lash,鞭打,smash,粉碎,slash,猛砍,thrash,痛打,dash,衝撞,mash,搗碎,25.-ash,a.,猛撃,26.-er,a.,重覆而有節奏的動作,flicker,閃爍,flutter,飄動,hover,盤旋,quiver,顫抖,shimmer,閃爍,stammer,結結巴巴,stutter,結結巴巴,waver,搖擺,b.,atter,較快、無形的重覆動作batter,猛擊,chatter,啁啾,chatter,咔嗒,natter,嘮叨,patter,啪達,scatter,分散,shatter,粉碎,spatter,滴落,splatter,潑濺,yatter,閑聊,c.,itter,輕微的重覆動作,flitter,飛來飛去,fritter,剁碎,glitter,閃光,jitter,戰戰兢兢,litter,弄亂,titter,吃吃笑,twitter,唧唧喳喳,d.,utter,雜亂的重覆動作,clutter,混亂,flutter,飄動,scutter,疾走,splutter,雜動而倉促的話,sputter,急急忙忙地說,27.,ink,a.,眨眼,blink,貶眼,wink,眨眼,28.umble,a.,沉悶或笨拙的動作,bumble,拙劣地做,fumble,摸索,grumble,咕噥,mumble,咕噥,rumble,隆隆聲,stumble,絆倒,tumble,摔倒,29.,urry,a.,急速,flurry,慌張,hurry,匆忙,surry,急趕,30.br-,a.,氣息、呼吸,branchia,鰓,breath(n),呼吸、氣息,breathe(v),呼吸,b.,胸脯、養育,breast,乳房,breed,生育,bra,胸圍,bread,麵包,breeze,微風,brood,孵,bronchial,支氣管的,brother,兄弟,bronchitis,支氣管炎,31.pl-,a.,增加、使充兄,plenish,充滿,plenty,豐富,plim,使豐滿,plump,豐滿的,plural,複數的,plus,加,32.pr-,a.,在先、在前、首要,premier,首要的,prime,最初的,primitive,原始的,prince,王子,principal,主要的、校長,principle,原則,prior,優先的,priority,優先,prompt,快速,protoplasm,原生質,proton,原子,protein,蛋白質,33.tw-,a.,扭、纏、編,tweak,扭擰,tweezers,小鉗子,twiddle,捻弄,twill,斜紋織布,twine,纏繞,twirl,快速轉動,twist,纏繞,twitch,急扯,