道真-代词.doc

第四单元 代词
◎ 知识点和能力要点
代词是代替名词的词，具有名词和形容词的作用。代词可分为以下几类：
◎ 人称代词
表示“我，你，他，她，它，你们，他们”的词叫做人称代词。英语人称代词有格和数的变化；汉语人称代词没有格，单数人称代词加“们”表示复数。
1. 人称代词的形式

人 数
称

格
单 数
复 数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
主 格
I
you
he, she, it
we
you
they
宾 格
me
you
him, her, it
us
you
them

2. 人称代词的用法
(1) 在句子中做主语，用主格。如：
l I am a teacher. （这里I做主语，故用主格）
l Are you ill? （You的主格和宾格形式一样，但在这you是主语，故用主格形式）
(2) 在动词和介词后做宾语，用宾格。如：
l Please give me a pen. （Give是动词，故后面用宾格）
l The boy is looking for them. （for是介词，them在这儿做宾语，故用宾格）
(3) 其他用法
① 单数人称代词连用时，其词序为：第二人称，第三人称，第一人称。
如：you and I ; you and he ; he and I
但是复数人称代词连用时，其词序一般与汉语一样。
如：we and you ; we and they ; we, you and they
② She可用来表示国家、船舶、大堤、月亮等等。
如：The moon is round and bright today. She is like a round silver plate.
③ we, you, they, he都可以用来泛指一般的人。
如：They say Mike is a good boy.（这儿they表示“人们”。）
(4) it的用法
① 用作人称代词，指动物或其他事物，有时也指人。尤指婴儿、小孩。如：
l I have a ball-pen. It is very nice.
l Look at the rabbit. It is very lovely.
l Who is it? It is me.
② 作指示代词，表示“这”或“那”。如: What’s this? It is a wallet.
③ 指时间、距离、气候等。如：
l What’s the time, please? It is one.
l How far is it from here? It’s about a kilometer away.
l What’s the weather like today? It’s rainy.

◎ 物主代词
表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词或代词的所有格。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。英语中的形容词性物主代词相当于汉语中充当定语的人称代词，而名词性物主代词相当于汉语中“人称代词+的”的结构。
1. 物主代词的形式。
数

人称
代词类型
单数
复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
形容词性
物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性
物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs

2. 物主代词的用法
(1) 形容词性物主代词用在名词前，不能单独使用，结构为“形容词性物主代词+名词”。如：
● This is my schoolbag.
● Their English teacher is Mr. Zhang.
(2) 名词性物质代词相当于一个名词，使用时后面不再加名词。
名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。如：
● That bike is his. (=That is his bike.)
● Your skirt is red. Mine is white. (My skirt is white.)

◎ 指示代词
表示“这个” 、“那个” 、“这些” 、“那些”等指示概念的代词叫做“指示代词” 。
指示代词有：this, that, these, those等。
This(these)一般用来指在时间和空间上较近的事物，that(those)一般指在时间和空间上较远的事物。如：
● This is a fridge. That is a sofa.
● These books are theirs. Those books are ours.

◎ 不定代词
凡不是用来指明代替特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，到目前为止我们所学的只有both, all, some, any和every.
1. Both 用来指两者的“都”，而all用来指三者或三者以上的“都”。如：
● Both of you are right. 你们两个人都对。
● All student are right. 所有学生都对。（说明这的学生至少三人以上）
2. Some 表示“一些，某些，某个”，any 表示“一些，任何”。
Some 多用于肯定句中，any 多用于否定句和疑问句中：但是如果说话人希望得到肯定回答时，这是疑问句中可以用some. 如：
● There are some trees in the garden.
● Are there any trees in the garden?
● There aren’t any trees in the garden.

● Would you like some coffee?
● Can you speak English?
3. Every 表示“每一个”，可以和one, body, thing 这些单词组合形成everyone, everybody和everything. 当every及其复合词做主语时，后面的动词要用第三人称单数形式。如：
● Everybody is at school now.
● Everything is good today.
● Everyone of this class does well in Chinese.

能力测试
一、 写出下列代词相应的形式。
1. I（宾格） 2. he（复数） 3. they（名词性物主代词）
4. their（宾格） 5. our（单数） 6. they（单数）
7. you（主格） 8. you（复数）

二、 按要求完成下表。
主格

you

it
we

宾格

him

them
名词性
物主代词
mine

yours

形容词性
物主代词

her

三、 选用括号内正确的代词填空。
1. an I often play table tennis together. (He, Him)
2. The music will be good for . (I, me)
3. Don’t ask any questions. (she, her) knows nothing. (She, Her)
4. My brother, and are going to USA this summer. (he, him)
5. Why didn’t help with their English? (them, they)
6. I didn’t meet his son, wasn’t with yesterday. (he, him)
7. He speaks English to .(they, them)
8. Please give to . (they, them) (she, her)
9. Yesterday a policeman stopped . (we, us)
10. I write to . (he, him)

四、 用人称代词填空。
1. The car is Mr. Black’s. is our good friend.
2. Is the clock right ? Yes, is.
3. Jane’s parents are from Australia. I knew before.
4. Let’s take a walk. It will make feel better.
5. Mike is studying English. Wants to be an English teacher.
6. Do like watching cartoons? Yes, I do.
7. Who is that girl? is Tom’s sister.

五、 用括号内人称代词的相应形容词性物主代词填空。
1. We like (we) teacher.
2. These are (I) parents.
3. I’ve got (she) skirt.
4. Do you know (they) teacher?
5. They are watching TV in (they) house.
6. I don’t like (you) T-shirt.
7. Tim didn’t find (he) cat.
8. Did you see (you) friend Mike yesterday?
9. I am looking for (I) shoes.
10. Whose pencils are they? They’re (we) pencils.

六、 用括号内人称代词的相应的名词性物主代词填空。
1. I have an orange car. The orange car is (I).
2. He has a bike. The bike is (he).
3. He did his homework just now, and she did (she), too.
4. Whose desks are those? They are (they).
5. Are the toys Mike’s? Yes, they are (he).
6. I am having my lunch, you are having (you), and the girls are having (they).
7. Is the ruler ? (she)
8. Whose is this schoolbag? It’s (he).
9. It’s not your money. It’s (we).
10. Your house is smaller than (I).

七、 用形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词填空。
1. It isn’t pen, it’s . (he, she)
2. Is it eraser? No, it’s not . Yes, I’ve got . (you, I, he)
3. Have you got umbrella? (you) Yes, I’ve got . (I)
4. schoolbag is heavier than . (he, she)
5. Whose bedroom is bigger, or ? (we, they)
6. Do you like Chinese teacher? (you) I love Chinese teacher very much. (we)
7. They’re doing homework. (they)
8. Whose knife is it? It’s . (she)
9. I have a cat. Name is Mimi. (it)
10. how does Mike spend holiday? (he)

八、 选择合适的代词完成下列句子（每词只用一次）
mine his it its our my her yours their theirs
1. Whose is this nice skirt? It’s .
2. I have a good friend. name is Helen.
3. Maths teacher is Miss Li. We’re in the same school.
4. Are they his shoes? Yes, they’re .
5. I have a lovely dog. name is Bobby.
6. Can I have an apple? Sure, is over there.
7. Your storybook is old, is new.
8. Su Yang and Su Hai are twins. Trousers look the same.
9. Who is the old man over there? He’s uncle.
10. We have a basketball here. But is in the playground.

九、 选择所给词的适当形式完成下列句子或对话
I you we he she they it me us him her my our your his its
teachers’ Tom’s hers yours mine
1. Look, this is reading room. It’s for students. The are over there near the garden.
2. A: school bag is here. is on the desk but where is ?
B: saw beside desk but is not there now.
3. have a lovely little dog. name is Huahua. often play with at home.
4. A: Mr. Green is English teacher. is very kind and all love .
B: Yes, and wife, Mrs. Green is a teacher, too.
A: What subject does teach, do know?
B: Music. And like lessons very much.

十、 用正确的代词完成短文
Hello! name is Liu Yan. am a student in No.1 Primary School. teacher is Mrs. White.
is a good teacher. all very much.
Look! is a photo of family. The man in blue is my father. is a policeman. The woman beside is my mother. is a nurse. have a happy family. And have a little dog. Is lovely?

十一、用指示代词this, that, these, those 填空。
1. Is car yours?
2. Are shoes here hers?
3. The weather of Sichuan in summer is hot as of Nanjing.
4. is my hometown and building over there is my school.
5. The weather isn’t very warm summer.
6. is my pen, is yours.
7. What I want is , thank you very much.
8. I missed the bus, is why I am late.
9. What are over there?
10. I like one, but Tom likes one.

十二、用some和any填空。
1. Did you buy pumpkin lanterns?
2. There are candles on the cake.
3. I have cold water but I have not hot tea.
4. student can answer this question.
5. Can you give me money, Mum?
6. I have good news for you.
7. Would you like bananas?
8. She did exercises yesterday.
9. There isn’t ink in the bottle.
10. Can I have writing paper?

十三、在句子中适当的地方填入all或both.
1. My parents are engineers.
2. Mr. and Mrs. Zhang are twenty-five years old.
3. The student in Mr. Wang’s class are good at Chinese.
4. You and Wang Min like chocolates, don’t you?
5. The people in this city like music.
6. The teacher of No.1 Middle School are good.
7. Tom and Linlin play basketball well.
8. Tony and Helen are my cousins.
9. Your grandparents love you very much.
10. Han Meimei, Tommy and Jack jump high.

十四、将句中的no改为not any.
1. I have no money to buy the present.
2. There is no sugar in my coffee.
3. He gives me no ink.
4. She has no brothers.
5. There no trains in the train station.
6. I need no help.
7. There is no time to have a rest.
8. They did no homework yesterday.
9. There is no fruit in the fridge.
10. There are no orange in the basket.

十五、将下列句子改为一般疑问句和否定句。
1. She has some nice pictures.
2. There are some stars in the sky.
3. There is some orange juice in the bottle.
4. Mike and I have some new stamps.
5. They gave me some postcards.
6. I would like some cake.
7. There are some maps on the blackboard.
8. I can show them some VCDs.
9. I have some brothers and sisters.
10. We are going to write some letters to our penfriends.

十六翻译下列句子。
1、 这只手表是我的生日礼物，我很喜欢它。

2、 操场上有许多学生，一些再跳，另一些在走路。

3、 我的笔记本在课桌上，你的在哪儿？

4、盘子里有一些水果。