1、 温总理剑桥大学演讲1 用发展的眼光看中国━━在剑桥大学的演讲 中华人民共和国国务院总理温家宝 speechattheuniversityofcambridge wenjiabao premierofthestatecouncilofthepeople'srepublicofchina 2february2009 尊敬的校长,老师们, 同学们: vicechancelloralisonrichard,ladiesandgentlemen, 来到向往已久的剑桥大学,非常高兴。剑
2、桥举世闻名,培养出牛顿、达尔文、培根等许多杰出的科学家、思想家,为人类文明进步作出了重要贡献。今年是剑桥建校800周年,我谨致以热烈祝贺。首先,我向剑桥大学赠送“中华数字书苑”,其中收录了中国出版的20万种电子图书,涉及中国政治、经济、历史、文化等各个领域,大家可以从中更多地了解中国。itgivesmegreatpleasuretocometocambridge,aworld-renowneduniversitythatihavelongwantedtovisit.cambridgehasproducedmanygreatscientistsandthinkersisaacnewton,cha
3、rlesdarwinandfrancisbacon,tonamebutafew,andmadeimportantcontributiontotheprogressofhumancivilization.thisyearmarksthe800thanniversaryoftheuniversity.pleaseacceptmywarmcongratulations. 这是我第四次访问英国。中英相距遥远,但两国人民的友好交往不断增多。香港问题的圆满解决,经贸、文教、科技等领域的有效合作,为发展中英全面战略伙伴关系奠定了坚实基础。在此,我向长期致力于中英友好的朋友们表示崇高的敬意。
4、 thisismyfourthvisittoyourcountry.despitethegreatdistancebetweenchinaandbritain,thefriendlyexchangesbetweenourpeopleshavebeenontherise.thesuccessfulresolutionofthequestionofhongkongandfruitfulcooperationbetweenourtwocountriesinareassuchaseconomy,trade,culture,education,scienceandtechnologyhavecem
5、entedthefoundationofourcomprehensivestrategicpartnership.here,iwishtopayhightributetoallthosewhohavebeenworkingtirelesslytopromotefriendlytiesbetweenourtwocountries.今天,我演讲的题目是:用发展的眼光看中国。 thetitleofmyspeechtodayis"seechinainthelightofherdevelopment". 我深深爱着的祖国——古老而又年轻。 mybelovedmothe
6、rlandisacountrybotholdandyoung. 说她古老,她是一个有着数千年文明史的东方大国。中华民族以自己的勤劳和智慧,创造了灿烂的古代文明,对人类发展作出过重大贡献。 sheisold,becausesheisabigorientalcountrywithacivilizationstretchingbackseveralthousandyears.withdiligenceandwisdom,thechinesenationcreatedasplendidcivilizationandmadesignificantcontributionstoth
7、eprogressofhumanity. 说她年轻,新中国成立才60年,改革开放才30年。中国人民经过长期不懈的斗争建立了新中国,又经过艰苦的探索,终于找到了适合国情的发展道路——中国特色社会主义道路,文明古国焕发了青春活力。 sheisyoung,becausethepeople'srepublicisjust60yearsold,andthecountrybeganreformandopening-uponly30yearsago.thechinesepeopleestablishedthenewchinaafterunremittingstrugglesandul
8、timatelyfoundadevelopmentpathsuitedtochina'snationalconditionsthroughpainstakingefforts.thisisthepathofsocialismwithchinesecharacteristics.followingthispath,ourancientcivilizationhasbeenrejuvenated. 中国改革开放,最重要的是解放思想,最根本、最具有长远意义的是体制创新。我们推进经济体制改革,建立了社会主义市场经济体制。在政府的宏观调控下,充分发挥市场对资源配置的基础性作用。我们深化政治体
9、制改革,把发展民主和完善法制结合起来,实行人民当家作主,依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家。 thekeyelementofchina'sreformandopening-upistofreepeople'smindandthemostfundamentalandsignificantcomponentisinstitutionalinnovation.througheconomicreform,wehavebuiltasocialistmarketeconomy,wherethemarketplaysaprimaryroleinallocatingresourcesundergove
10、rnmentmacro-regulation.wehavecarriedoutpoliticalreform,promoteddemocracyandimprovedthelegalsystem.peoplearethemastersofthecountry.werunthecountryaccordingtolawandendeavortobuildasocialistcountryundertheruleoflaw. 改革开放的实质,就是坚持以人为本,通过解放和发展生产力满足人们日益增长的物质文化需求,在公正的条件下促进人的全面发展;就是保障人民的民主权利,让国家政通人和、兴旺
11、发达;就是维护人的尊严和自由,让每个人的智慧和力量得以迸发,成功地追求自己的幸福生活。 theessenceofchina'sreformandopening-upistoputpeoplefirstandmeettheirevergrowingmaterialandculturalneedsthroughreleasinganddevelopingproductiveforces.itaimstogiveeveryoneequalopportunitiesforall-rounddevelopment.itaimstoprotectthedemocraticrightsofthe
12、peopleandpromotestability,harmonyandprosperityacrosstheland.anditaimstosafeguardthedignityandfreedomofeveryonesothatheorshemaypursuehappinesswithingenuityandhardwork. 30年来,中国贫困人口减少了2亿多,人均寿命提高了5岁,8300万残疾人得到政府和社会的特殊关爱,这是中国保障人权的光辉业绩。九年免费义务教育的推行,农村合作医疗制度的建立,社会保障体系的完善,使学有所教、病有所医、老有所养的理想,正在变为现实。
13、 overthepastthreedecades,morethan200millionchinesehavebeenliftedoutofpoverty,theaveragelifeexpectancyhasincreasedby5years,andthe83millionpeoplewithdisabilitiesinchinahavereceivedspecialcarefromthegovernmentandthesociety.allthispointstothetremendouseffortschinahasmadetoprotecthumanrights.wehaveintr
14、oducedfreenine-yearcompulsoryeducationthroughoutthecountry,establishedthecooperativemedicalsystemintheruralareasandimprovedthesocialsafetynet.theage-olddreamofthechinesenationisbeingturnedintorealityadreamtoseetheyoungeducated,thesicktreatedandtheoldcaredfor. 我愿借用两句唐诗形容中国的现状。“潮平两岸阔,风正一帆悬。”中国人正
15、在努力实现现代化,这是一个古而又新的发展中大国进行的一场伟大实践。掌握了自己命运的中国人民,对未来充满信心。 iwanttoefromatangdynastypoemtodescribewhatishappeninginchina,"fromshoretoshoreitiswideathightide,andbeforefairwindasailislifting."thechinesepeopleareworkinghardtomodernizetheircountry.thisisagreatpracticeinalargedevelopingcountrybothancien
16、tandnew.thechinesepeople,withdestinyintheirownhands,arefullofconfidenceintheirfuture. 我深深爱着的祖国——历经磨难而又自强不息。 mybelovedmotherlandisacountrythatstoodnumerousvicissitudesbutnevergaveup. 我年轻时曾长期工作在中国的西北地区。在那浩瀚的沙漠中,生长着一种稀有的树种,叫胡杨。它扎根地下50多米,抗干旱、斗风沙、耐盐碱,生命力极其顽强。它“生而一千年不死,死而一千年不倒,倒而一千年不朽”,世
17、人称为英雄树。我非常喜欢胡杨,它是中华民族坚韧不拔精神的象征。 earlierinmycareer,iworkedinnorthwestchinaformanyyears.there,intheboundlessdesert,growsararevarietyoftreecalledeuphratespoplar.rootedover50metersdowntheground,theythriveinhostileenvironments,defyingdroughts,sandstormsandsalinization.theyareknownasthe"herotree",be
18、causeaeuphratespoplarcanliveforathousandyears.evenafteritdies,itstandsuprightforathousandyears,andevenafteritfalls,itstaysintactforanotherthousandyears.ilikeeuphratespoplarbecausetheysymbolizetheresilienceofthechinesenation. 千百年来,中华民族一次次战胜了天灾人祸,渡过了急流险滩,昂首挺胸地走到今天。深重的灾难,铸就了她百折不挠、自强不息的品格。中华民族的历史证
19、明了一个真理:一个民族在灾难中失去的,必将从民族的进步中得到补偿。 overthemillennia,thechinesenationhasweatherednumerousdisasters,bothnaturalandman-made,surmountedallkindsofdifficultiesandchallenges,andmadeherwaytowheresheproudlystandstoday.thelongsufferingshaveonlymadeheranationoffortitudeandperseverance.theexperienceofthech
20、inesenationatteststoatruth:whatanationlosesintimesofdisasterwillbemadeupforbyherprogress. 此时此刻,我不禁想起在汶川地震灾区的亲身经历。去年5月,四川汶川发生震惊世界的特大地震,北川中学被夷为平地,孩子伤亡惨重。可是,时隔10天,当我第二次来到这里时,乡亲们已在废墟上搭起了板房教室,校园里又回荡着孩子们朗朗的读书声。当时我在黑板上,给同学们写下了“多难兴邦”几个字。地震发生以来,我7次到汶川灾区,碰到这样感人的事迹不胜枚举。我为我们中华民族这种愈挫愈奋的精神深深感动。这种伟大的精神,正是我们的
21、民族饱经忧患而愈益坚强、生生不息的力量源泉。iamremindedoftheexperiencethatihadinwenchuan,sichuanprovinceafterthedevastatingearthquaketherelastmay.thatearthquakeshockedthewholeworld.itflattenedbeichuanmiddleschoolandclaimedmanyyounglives.butonly10daysaftertheearthquake,wheniwentthereforthesecondtime,ihadbeforemyeyesnewcla
22、ssroomsbuiltondebrisbylocalvillagerswithplanks.onceagain,thecusechoedwiththesoundofstudentsreadingaloud.iwrotedown4chinesecharactersontheblackboard,meaning"acountrywillemergestrongerfromadversities."ihavebeentowenchuanseventimessincetheearthquakeandwitnessedcountlesstouchingsceneslikethis.iamdeeplym
23、ovedbytheunyieldingspiritofmypeople.thisgreatnationalspiritisthesourceofstrengthwhichhasenabledthechinesenationtoemergefromallthehardshipsstrongerthanbefore. 经过半个多世纪的艰苦奋斗,中国有了比较大的发展,经济总量跃居世界前列,但我们仍然是一个发展中国家,同发达国家相比还有很大的差距。人口多,底子薄,发展不平衡,这种基本国情还没有从根本上得到改变。中国的人均GDP水平,排在世界100位之后,仅为英国的十八分之一。到过中国旅游的
24、朋友,你们所看到的城市是现代的,而我们的农村还比较落后。 withhardworkoverthepasthalfcenturyandmore,chinahasachievedgreatprogress.itstotaleconomicoutputisnowoneofthelargestintheworld.however,weremainadevelopingcountryandwearekeenlyawareofthebiggapthatwehavewiththedevelopedcountries.therehasbeennofundamentalchangeinourbasi
25、cnationalcondition:abigpopulation,weakeconomicfoundationandunevendevelopment.china'spercapitagdpranksbehind100countriesintheworldandisonlyabout1/18thatofbritain.thoseofyouwhohavebeentochinaastouristsmusthaveseenthemoderncities,butourruralareasarestillquitebackward. 到本世纪中叶,中国要基本实现现代化,面临三大历史任务:既
26、要努力实现欧洲早已完成的工业化,又要追赶新科技革命的浪潮;既要不断提高经济发展水平,又要实现社会公平正义;既要实现国内的可持续发展,又要承担相应的国际责任。中国要赶上发达国家水平,还有很长很长的路要走,还会遇到许多艰难险阻。但是,任何困难都阻挡不住中国人民前进的步伐,只要我们坚持不懈地努力奋斗,中国现代化的目标就一定能够实现。 tobasicallyachievemodernizationbythemiddleofthiscentury,wemustaccomplishthreemajortasks:first,achieveindustrialization,whicheurop
27、ehaslongcompleted,whilekeepingabreastofthelatesttrendsofthescientificandtechnologicalrevolution;second,promoteeconomicgrowthwhileensuringsocialequityandjustice;andthird,pursuesustainabledevelopmentathomewhileacceptingourshareofinternationalresponsibilities.thejourneyaheadwillbelongandarduous,butnoam
28、ountofdifficultywillstopthechinesepeoplefrommarchingforward.throughpersistentefforts,wewillreachourgoal. 我深深爱着的祖国——珍视传统而又开放兼容。 mybelovedmotherlandisacountrythatvalueshertraditionswhileopeningherarmstotheoutsideworld. 中华传统文化底蕴深厚、博大精深。“和”在中国古代历史上被奉为最高价值,是中华文化的精髓。中国古老的经典——《尚书》就提出“百姓昭明
29、协和万邦”的理想,主张人民和睦相处,国家友好往来。 thetraditionalchinesecultureisrich,extensiveandprofound.harmony,thesupremevaluecherishedinancientchina,liesattheheartofthechineseculture.thebookofhistory,anancientclassicinchinaforexle,advocatesamityamongpeopleandfriendlyexchangesamongnations. “和为贵”的文化传统,哺育了中华民
30、族宽广博大的胸怀。我们的民族,既能像大地承载万物一样,宽厚包容;又能像苍天刚健运行一样,彰显正义。 thechineseculturaltraditionvaluespeaceasthemostprecious.thishasnurturedthebroadmindofthechinesenation.thechinesenationisgenerousandtolerant,justasmotherearthcaresforalllivingthings.sheisinconstantpursuitofjustice,justastheeternalmovementoftheun
31、iverse. 15世纪,中国著名航海家郑和七下西洋,到过三十几个国家。他带去了中国的茶叶、丝绸、瓷器,还帮助沿途有的国家剿灭海盗,真正做到了播仁爱于友邦。 inthe15thcentury,thefamouschinesenavigatorzhengheledsevenmaritimeexpeditionstothewesternseasandreachedover30countries.hetookwithhimchinesetea,silkandporcelainandhelpedlocalpeoplefightpiratesashesailedalong.hew
32、astrulyamessengerofloveandfriendship. 国强必霸,不适合中国。称霸,既有悖于我们的文化传统,也违背中国人民意志。中国的发展不损害任何人,也不威胁任何人。中国要做和平的大国、学习的大国、合作的大国,致力于建设一个和谐的世界。 theargumentthatabigpowerisboundtoseekhegemonydoesnotapplytochina.seekinghegemonygoesagainstchina'sculturaltraditionaswellasthewillofthechinesepeople.china'sde
33、velopmentharmsnooneandthreatensnoone.weshallbeapeace-lovingcountry,acountrythatiseagertolearnfromandcooperatewithothers.wearecommittedtobuildingaharmoniousworld. 不同国家、不同民族的文化,需要相互尊重、相互包容和相互学习。今天的中国,有3亿人在学英语,有100多万青年人在国外留学。我们的电视、广播、出版等新闻传媒,天天都在介绍世界各地的文化艺术。正因为我们善于在交流中学习,在借鉴中收获,才有今天中国的繁荣和进步。
34、 differentcountriesandnationsneedtorespect,tolerateandlearnfromeachother'sculture.today,300millionchinesearelearningenglishandoveronemillionofouryoungpeoplearestudyingabroad.theculturesandartsofvariouspartsoftheworldarefeatureddailyonchina'stelevision,radioandprintmedia.hadwenotlearnedfromothersthr
35、oughexchangesandenrichedourselvesbydrawingonothers'experience,wewouldnothaveenjoyedtoday'sprosperityandprogress. 进入21世纪,经济全球化、信息网络化,已经把世界连成一体,文化的发展将不再是各自封闭的,而是在相互影响中多元共存。一个国家、一个民族对人类文化贡献的大小,越来越取决于她吸收外来文化的能力和自我更新的能力。中国将永远坚持开放兼容的方针,既珍视传统,又博采众长,用文明的方式、和谐的方式实现经济繁荣和社会进步。 inthe21stcentury,econ
36、omicglobalizationandtheinformationnetworkhavelinkedusalltogether.differentcultureslivetogetherandinfluenceeachother.noculturecanflourishinisolation.howmuchacountryoranationcontributestothecultureofhumanityisincreasinglydeterminedbyherabilitytoabsorbforeignculturesandrenewherself.thatiswhychinawillremainopenandreceptive,valueherowntraditionswhiledrawingonothers'successfulexperience,andachieveeconomicprosperityandsocialprogressinacivilizedandharmoniousway. 第14页 共14页
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