国际贸易合同格式.doc

国际贸易合同格式
Contracts in International Business

序言:外贸合同基本知识
合同的结构与格式
国际经贸合同按照其重要性与繁简程度不同，分为正式合同、协议、确认书等书面形式，也可以采用口头或其他形式。书面正式合同一般包括以下几个部分：
合同名称(Title)
前文(Preambles):
订约日期(date of signing)，
订约当事人(signing parties)，
订约地点(place of signing)，
订约缘由(recitals or WHEREAS clauses)
本文(Body)：
定义条款(Definitions)，
具体条款(Specific conditions)，
一般条款(General conditions)，
合同的有效期(duration)，
合同的终止(termination)，
不可抗力(force majeure)，
合同的让与(assignment)，
仲裁(arbitration)，
适用的法律(governing law)，
诉讼管辖(jurisdiction)，
通知手续(notice)，
完整条款(“Entire agreement” clauses)，
合同的修改(Amendment)，
其它(Others）。
(完全条款讲明现在所签订的合同与其他有关合同、协议之间的关系，如：
This Contract expresses the complete and final agreement and understanding of the parties and supersedes and automatically cancels any other or prior agreement or understanding between the parties written or oral)

合同的语言特色
1) 正式用语.e.g. Party A shall repatriate the patient to China and bear the cost of his passage to Beijing. (send back)
2) 法律用语 In case one party desires to sell or assign all or part of his investment subscribed, the other party shall have the preemptive（优先） right.
3) 成对使用同义词: Each party to this Agreement shall perform and fulfill any of the obligations under this Agreement.
4) Shall 被用于强化法律职责：The Employer shall (should, must, have to, etc) make a prepayment of 20% of the contract value to the Contractor within 10 days after signing the Contract.
5) 使用古体词：最典型的是由here(this), there(that), where(which)加上介词而构成的复合词,避免同一合同中多次提到货重复某些名词，从而避免文具冗长，并获得简练、准确、有力、正式、庄重的效果。如：
This Agreement is made and entered into by and between AA Corporation (hereinafter referred to as Supplier) and BB Company (hereinafter referred to as Distributor) whereby Supplier agrees to grant to Distributor the exclusive right to sell the Products in the Territory on the terms and conditions stipulated（约定） as follows.
This Agreement shall begin on the date hereof and shall continue for 5 years thereafter.
In the event of the death of any partner, this partnership shall not be thereby dissolved.
When the licensed products are sold, the royalty(分成) thereon shall be paid within a calendar month from the date of delivery.
6)使用外来语：源自于历史悠久的“普通法系”和“民法法系”中被广为接受的专用词汇。如：
a. The arbitration shall take place in the Plaintiff’s or Defendant’s country. (plaintiff / defendant法语, 原告/被告)
b. An allowance（补贴费） on the basis of 2% of the sales price for each unit shall be calculated and deducted from the purchase price fraction pro rata. (pro rata拉丁语，按比例)
7) 语义明确，不生歧义
Shipment is to be effected bimonthly（两月地） at 600 tons each within May, 2006.
8). 多用主动语态，少用被动语态
The rules and regulations of the work-site shall be observed by workers--------Worlers shall observe the rules ….
9). 多用现在时，少用将来时。
Licensee (被许可人)may terminate this Contract 90 days after a written notice thereof is sent to Licensor (许可人) upon the happening of one of the following events:
a. Licensor becomes insolvent（无偿付能力的） or a liquidator（破产清算人） of Licensor is appointed; （无力偿付债务，破产清算人已被指定）
b. The patent described in Article 2 is not issued within 30 days from signing this Contract;
c. Licensor fails to perform its obligations under this Contract.
10）多用直接表达，少用间接表达
All persons, except those who are 60 years old or older, may be employed by this enterprise.------All persons who are less than 60 years old may be employed by this Enterprise.
11) 使用专门短语表达惯有含义
Whereas(鉴于), in witness whereof(作为协议事项的证据), now, thereof(兹特) in consideration of(以。。。为约因，对价), now these presents witness(兹特立约为据), in the presence of(见证人), for and on behalf of(代表), per pro = pre procurationem(代表，代理)
12使用定义条款避免释义分歧
Chapter I. Definitions
Unless the terms or context of this Contract otherwise provides, the following terms have the meaning set out below:
“Special Equipment” means all technical equipment which is necessary and special for manufacturing Cooperative Produced Products.
13). 使用附录达到详细清楚之目的
Actual names and specifications of PRODUCTS are shown in Appendix 1。
Details of the information offered by Party B to Party A are shown in Appendix 2.
The Appendices attached hereto are hereby made an integral part of this Contract and are equally binding on both parties.
合同用语节选
to sell /sale /buy/purchase on credit 赊销/购，赊卖/买, payment on open account 赊账
in consequence of 由于…的缘故after receipt of the same 收到该确认书后
in the absence of 在缺乏 的情况下 dead freight空仓费，fractions pro rata按比例计算，

出口空白合同格式
日期： Date:
合同号码： Contract No.:
买 方： (The Buyers) 卖方： (The Sellers)
兹经买卖双方同意按照以下条款由买方购进，卖方售出以下商品：
This contract is made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers; whereby the Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned goods subject to the terms and conditions as stipulated（约定） hereinafter:
(1) 商品名称: Name of Commodity：
(2) 数 量： Quantity:
(3) 单 价：Unit price:
(4) 总 值：Total Value:
(5) 包 装：Packing:
(6) 生产国别： Country of Origin :
(7) 支付条款： Terms of Payment:
(8) 保 险： insurance:
(9) 装运期限： Time of Shipment:
(10) 起 运 港：Port of Loading:
(11) 目 的 港： Port of Destination:
(12)索赔：在货到目的口岸45天内如发现货物品质，规格和数量与合同不附，除属保险公司或船方责任外，买方有权凭中国商检出具的检验证书或有关文件向卖方索赔换货或赔款。
Claims: Within 45 days after the arrival of the goods at the destination, should the quality, Specifications or quantity be found not in conformity with the stipulations of the contract except those claims for which the insurance company or the owners of the vessel are liable, the Buyers shall, have the right on the strength of the inspection certificate issued by the C.C.I.C and the relative documents to claim for compensation to the Sellers
(13)不可抗力：由于人力不可抗力的原由发生在制造，装载或运输的过程中导致卖方延期交货或不能交货者，方可免除责任,在不可抗力发生后，卖方须立即电告买方及在14天内以空邮方式向买方提供事故发生的证明文件，在上述情况下，卖方仍须负责采取措施尽快发货。
Force Majeure: The sellers shall not be held responsible for the delay in shipment or non-delivery of the goods due to Force Majeure, which might occur during the process of manufacturing or in the course of loading or transit. The sellers shall advise the Buyers immediately of the occurrence mentioned above within fourteen days thereafter, the Sellers shall send by airmail to the Buyers for their acceptancea certificate of the accident. Under such circumstances the Sellers, however, are still under the obligation to take all necessary measures to hasten the delivery of the goods.
(14）仲裁：凡有关执行合同所发生的一切争议应通过友好协商解决，如协商不能解决，则将分歧提交中国国际贸易促进委员会按有关仲裁程序进行仲裁，仲裁将是终局的，双方均受其约束，仲裁费用由败诉方承担。
Arbitration: All disputes in connection with the execution of this Contract shall be settled friendly through negotiation. In case no settlement can be reached, the case then may be submitted for arbitration to the Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade in accordance with the Provisional Rules of Procedure promulgated by the said Arbitration Commission. The Arbitration committee shall be final and binding upon both parties, and the Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing parties.

买方Buyer： 卖方Seller:
______________ ________________
(授权签字Authorized Signature) (授权签字Authorized Signature)
8.2 出口合同格式（中英分开版）
合同号： 日 期： 订单号：
合同标的金额
买方： 卖方：
买卖双方签订本合同并同意按下列条款进行交易：
(1)品名及规格
(2)数量
(3)单价
(4)金额 合计 允许溢短装＿＿％
(5)包装：
(6) 装运口岸：
(7)目的口岸：
(8)装船标记：
(9)装运期限： 收到可以转船及分批装运之信用证＿＿天内装出。
(10)付款条件： 开给我方100%保兑的不可撤回即期付款之信用证，并须注明 可在装运日期后15天内议付有效。
(11)保 险： 按发票110%保全险及战争险。 由买方自理。
(12)买方须于＿＿年＿＿月＿＿日前开出本批交易信用证，否则，售方有权：不经 通知取消本合同，或接受买方对本约未执行的全部或一部，或对因此遭受的损失提出索赔。
(13)单据：卖方应向议付银行提供已装船清洁提单、发票、中国商品检验局或 工厂出具的品质证明、中国商品检验局出具的数量/重量签定书；如果本合同按CIF条件, 应再提供可转让的保险单或保险凭证。
(14)凡以CIF条件成交的业务，保额为发票价值的110%投保险别以本售货合同中所开列的为限，买方如要求增加保额或保险范围，应于装船前经售方同意，因此而增 加的保险费由买方负责。
(15)质量、数量索赔： 如交货质量不符，买方须于货物到达目的港30日内提出 索赔；数量索赔须于货物到达目的港15日内提出。对由于保险公司、船公司和其它转运单 位或邮政部门造成的损失卖方不承担责任。
(16)本合同内所述全部或部份商品，如因人力不可抗拒的原因，以致不能履约或延 迟交货售方概不负责。
(17)仲裁： 凡因执行本合同或与本合同有关事项所发生的一切争执，应由双方通 过友好方式协商解决。如果不能取得协议时，则在中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会根据该仲裁 机构的仲裁程序规则进行仲裁。仲裁决定是终局的，对双方具有同等约束力。仲裁费用除非 仲裁机构另有决定外，均由败诉一方负担。仲裁也可在双方同意的第三国进行。
(18)买方在开给售方的信用证上请填注本确认书号码。
(19)其它条款：
卖方： 买方：
SALES CONTRACT
No: Date: For Account of: Indent No:
Buyers Sellers：
This contract is made by and between the Sellers and the Buyers; Whereby the Sellers agree to sell and the Buyers agree to buy the under-mentioned goods according to the terms and conditions stipulated below and overleaf[on the other side of the page]:
(1) Names of commodity(ies) and specification(s)
(2) Quantity
(3) Unit price
(4) Amount TOTAL: __________% more or less allowed
(5) Packing:
(6) Port of Loading:
(7) Port of Destination:
(8) Shipping Marks:
(9) Time of Shipment: Within ___days after receipt of L/C, allowing transhipment and partial shipment.
(10) Terms of Payment: By 100% Confirmed, Irrevocable and Sight Letter of Credit to remain valid for negotiation in China until the 15th day after shipment.
(11) Insurance: Covers all risks and warrisks only as per the Clauses of the People's Insurance Company of China for 110% of the invoice value. To be effected by the Buyer.
(12) The Buyer shall establish the covering Letter of Credit before ____; failing which, the Seller reserves the right to rescind this Sales Contract without further notice, or to accept whole or any part of this Sales Contract, non-fulfilled by the Buyer, of to lodge claim for direct losses sustained, if any
(13) Documents: The Sellers shall present to the negotiating bank, Clean On Board Bill of Lading, Invoice, Quality Certificate issued by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau or the Manufacturers, Survey Report on Quantity/Weight issued by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau, and Transferable Insurance policy or Insurance Certificate when this contract is made on CIF basis.
(14) For this contract signed on CIF basis, the premium should be 110% of invoice value. All risks insured should be included within this contract. If the Buyer asks to increase the insurance premium or scope of risks, he should get the permission of the Seller before time of loading, and all the charges thus incurred should be borne by the Buyer.
(15) Quality/Quantity Discrepancy; In case of quality discrepancy, claim should be filed by the Buyer within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at port of destination; while for quantity discrepancy, claim should be filed by the Buyer within 15 days after the arrival of the goods at port of destination. It is understood that the Seller shall not be liable for any discrepancy of the goods shipped due to causes for which the Insurance Company, Shipping Company, other transportation organizations and/or Post Office are liable.
(16) Force Majeure The Seller shall not be held liable for failure or delay in delivery of the entire lot or a portion of the goods under this Sales Contract in consequence of any Force Majeure incidents.
(17) Arbitration: All disputes in connection with this contract or the execution thereof shall be settled friendly through negotiations. In case no settlement can be reached, the case may then be submitted for arbitration to China International Economic And Trade Arbitration Commission in accordance with the provisional Rules of Procedures promulgated by the said Arbitration Commission. The arbitration shall take place in Beijing and the decision of the Arbitration Commission shall be final and binding upon both parties; neither party shall seek recourse to a law court nor other authorities to appeal for revision of the decision. Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party. Or arbitration may be settled in the third country mutually agreed upon by both parties.
(18) The Buyer is requested always to quote THE NUMBER OF THE SALES CONTRACT in the Letter of Credit to be opened in favour of the Seller.
(19) Other Conditions:
Seller:　　 　Buyer:

8.3 一般货物进口合同格式
采 购 合 同
合同号码：
签约日期：
买方： 卖方：
本合同由买卖双方缔结，用中、英文字写成，两种文体具有同等效力，按照下述条款，卖方同意售出买方同意购进以下商品：
第一部分
1.商品名称及规格
2.生产国别及制造厂商
3.单价（包装费用包括在内）
4.数量
5.总值
6.包装（适合海洋运输）
7.保险（除非另有协议，保险均由买方负责）
8.装船时间
9.装运口岸
10.目的口岸
11.装运唛头，卖方负责在每件货物上用牢固的不褪色的颜料明显地刷印或标明下述唛头，以及目的口岸、件号、毛重和净重、尺码和其它买方要求的标记。如系危险及／或有毒货物，卖方负责保证在每件货物上明显地标明货物的性质说明及习惯上被接受的标记。
12.付款条件：买方于货物装船时间前一个月通过＿＿＿＿银行开出以卖方为抬头的不可撤销信用证，卖方在货物装船启运后凭本合同交货条款第18条Ａ款所列单据在开证银行议付贷款。上述信用证有效期将在装船后15天截止。
13. 其它条件：除非经买方同意和接受，本合同其它一切有关事项均按第二部分交货条款之规定办理，该交货条款为本合同不可分的部分，本合同如有任何附加条款将自动地优先执行附加条款，如附加条款与本合同条款有抵触，则以附加条款为准。
第二部分
14. FOB(Free On Board)/FAS条件
14.1 本合同项下货物的装运舱位由买方或买方的运输代理人＿＿＿＿＿租订。
14.2 在FOB条件下，卖方应负责将所订货物在本合同第8条所规定的装船期内按买方所通知的任何日期装上买方所指定的船只。
14.3 在FAS条件下，卖方应负责将所订货物在本合同第8条所规定的装船期内按买方所通知的任何日期交到买方所指定船只的吊杆下。
14.4 货物装运日前10-15天，买方应以电报或电传通知卖方合同号、船只预计到港日期、装运数量及船运代理人的名称。以便卖方经与该船运代理人联系及安排货物的装运。卖方应将联系结果通过电报或电传及时报告买方。如买方因故需要变更船只或者船只比预先通知卖方的日期提前或推迟到达装运港口，买方或其船运代理人应及时通知卖方。卖方亦应与买方的运输代理或买方保持密切联系。
14.5 如买方所订船只到达装运港后，卖方不能在买方所通知的装船时间内将货物装上船只或将货物交到吊杆之下，卖方应负担买方的一切费用和损失，如空舱费、滞期费及由此而引起的及／或遭受的买方的一切损失。
14.6 如船只撤换或延期或退关等而未及时通知卖方停止交货，在装港发生的栈租及保险费损失的计算，应以代理通知之装船日期（如货物晚于代理通知之装船日期抵达装港，应以货物抵港日期）为准，在港口免费堆存期满后第十六天起由买方负担，人力不可抗拒的情况除外。上述费用均凭原始单据经买方核实后支付。但卖方仍应在装载货船到达装港后立即将货物装船，交负担费用及风险。
15. C&F(Cost And freight)条件
15.1 卖方在本合同第８条规定的时间之内应将货物装上由装运港到中国口岸的直达船。未经买方事先许可，不得转船。货物不得由悬挂中国港口当局所不能接受的国家旗帜的船装载。
15.2 卖方所租船只应适航和适货。卖方租船时应慎重和认真地选择承运人及船只。买方不接受非保赔协会成员的船只。
15.3 卖方所租载货船只应在正常合理时间内驶达目的港。不得无故绕行或迟延。
15.4 卖方所租载货船只船龄不得超过１５年。对超过１５年船龄的船只其超船龄额外保险费应由卖方负担。买方不接受船龄超过二十年的船只。
15.5 一次装运数量超过一千吨的货载或其它少于一千吨但买方指明的货载，卖方应在装船日前至少10天用电传或电报通知买方合同号、商品名称、数量、船名、船龄、船籍、船只主要规范、预计装货日、预计到达目的港时间、船公司名称、电传和电报挂号。
15.6 一次装运一千吨以上货载或其它少于一千吨但买方指明的货载，其船长应在该船抵达目的港前7天和24小时分别用电传或电报通知买方预计抵港时间、合同号、商品名称及数量。
15.7 如果货物由班轮装运，载货船只必须是＿＿船级社最高船级或船级协会条款规定的相同级别的船级，船只状况应保持至提单有效期终了时止，以装船日为准船龄不得超过20年。超过20年船龄的船只，卖方应负担超船龄外保险费。买方绝不接受超过25年船龄的船只。
15.8 对于散件货，如果卖方未经买方事前同意而装入集装箱，卖方应负责向买方支付赔偿金，由双方在适当时间商定具体金额。
15.9 卖方应和载运货物的船只保持密切联系，并以最快的手段通知买方船只在途中发生的一切事故，如因卖方未及时通知买方而造成买方的一切损失卖方应负责赔偿。
16. CIF(Cost Insurance and Freight)条件
在CIF条件下，除本合同第15条C&F条件适用之外卖方负责货物的保险，但不允许有免赔率。
17. 装船通知:货物装船完毕后48小时内，卖方应即以电报或电传通知买方合同号、商品名称、所装重量(毛/净)或数量、发票价值、船名、装运口岸、开船日期及预计到达目的港时间。如因卖方未及时用电报或电传给买方以上述装船通知而使买方不能及时保险，卖方负责赔偿买方由此而引起的一切损害及/或损失。
18. 装船单据
18A.卖方凭下列单据向付款银行议付货款：18A.1填写通知目的口岸的＿＿运输公司的空白抬头、空白背书的全套已装运洋轮的清洁提单（如系C&F/CIF条款则注明“运费已付”，如系FOB/FAS条款则注明“运费待收”）。
18A.2由信用证受益人签名出具的发票5份，注明合同号、信用证号、商品名称、详细规格及装船唛头标记。
18A.3两份由信用证受益人出具的装箱单及/或重量单，注明每件货物的毛重和净重及/或尺码。
18A.4由制造商及/或装运口岸的合格、独立的公证行签发的品质检验证书及数量或重量证书各两份，必须注明货物的全部规格与信用证规定相符。
18A.5本交货条件第17条规定的装船通知电报或电传副本一份。
18A.6 证明上述单据的副本已按合同要求寄出的书信一封。
18A.7运货船只的国籍已经买主批准的书信一封。
18A.8如系卖方保险需提供投保不少于发票价值110%的一切险和战争险的保险单。
18B.不接受影英自动或电脑处理、或复印的任何正本单据，除非这些单据印有清晰的“正本”字样，并经发证单位授权的领导人手签证明。
18C.联运提单、迟期提单、简式提单不能接受。
18D. 受益人指定的第三者为装船者不能接受，除非该第三者提单由装船者背书转受益人，再由受赠人背书后方可接受。
18E. 信用证开立日期之前出具的单据不能接受。
18F. 对于Ｃ＆Ｆ／ＣＩＦ货载，不接受租船提单，除非受益人提供租船合同、船长或大副收据、装船命令、货物配载图及或买方在信用证内所要求提供的其它单据副本各一份。
18G. 卖方须将提单、发票及装箱单各两份副本随船带交目的口岸的买方收货代理人＿＿＿＿。
18H. 载运货船启碇后，卖方须立即航空邮寄全套单据副本一份给买方，三份给目的口岸的对外贸易运输公司分公司。
18I. 卖方应负责赔偿买方因卖方失寄或迟寄上述单据而使买方遭受的一切损失。
18J. 中华人民共和国境外的银行费用由卖方负担。
19. 合同所订货物如用空运，则本合同有关海运的一切条款均按空运条款执