现代大学英语中级写作上Unit1省公开课金奖全国赛课一等奖微课获奖PPT课件.pptx

,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,Mingde College of NPU,English Writing 3,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,We Learn as We Grow,Unit 1,1/45,English Writing 3,Lecture 1 Introduction,Requirements of the course,Task 1,2/45,Teaching Objectives,Cultivate students interest in English writing and help them form a good habit of thinking and outlining before writing.,Assist students in mastering the techniques of writing exposition this semester so that they can write an expository essay on some hot topics on and off campus.,Enable students to learn and use the key elements in composing an essay and to write journals habitually.,3/45,Teaching Focus,Encouraging and arousing the students interest in writing so that they will be responsible for their own learning,Introducing the teaching schedule for the course in this semester and the requirements,Introducing the requirements for the writing tasks in TEM-4,which will take place in April next term.,4/45,Teaching Approach and Procedure,Step 5,Self-revision,Step 4,Sample Commentary,Step 3,Guided Writing,Step 2,Classroom Discussion,Step 1,Pre-writing,Step 6,After Class Practice and Group Evaluation,Step 7,Teachers Correction and Comments,Process-genre analysis approach,5/45,Teaching Schedule for This Term,We are going to teach,7 genres,of writing:,4 periods per unit,Exemplification expository essay writing;,Process analysis expository essay writing;,Cause and effect expository essay writing;,Comparison and contrast expository essay writing;,Classification expository essay writing;,Definition essay writing;,Analogy;,6/45,Teaching Requirements for Term 3,You should be able to write,8 essays of 200 words,for each of the above 7 genres in three parts/sections in class and outside class.,You should read carefully through,the writing textbook,as well as,the teaching notes and power-points,of each lecture so that we can command the writing guidelines for different essays.,7/45,Every student is required to read,3 simplified English novels,within this term so that you can write a book report.,Every student had better spend,two hours,a week in practicing writing different genres which we have learned so far.(Learning any language is a process.Many studies have proven that the easiest and best way to learn is to,study and practice what you want to learn every day,instead of once a week or just before an exam.),8/45,Definition,Kinds of examples,Sources of examples,Unit 1,Task 1,Examplification,We Learn as We Grow,9/45,Task 1,Guildlines,1.What is exposition?,2.Do you know about the usual patterns of exposition?,3.What is exemplification?,4.What kind of examples should we choose?,5.Where can we find appropriate examples?,6.How to organize and write an exemplification essay?,10/45,Task 1,Guildlines,1.What is exposition?What is an essay?,Exposition is explanatory writing.Its purpose is to explain or clarify a point.,An essay is a related group of paragraphs written for some purpose.,11/45,Task 1,Guildlines,2.Do you know about the usual patterns of exposition?,Exemplification,举例,Process analysis,过程分析,Cause-Effect analysis,因果分析,Comparison and contrast,比较和对比,Classification,分类,Definition,定义,Analogy,类比,Analogy,:A comparison based on such similarity.,比拟，类比：基于这种相同性比较,e.g.draw an analogy between,把,(,二者,),加以相比,;,指出,.,之间相同处,12/45,Task 1,Guildlines,3.What is exemplification?,Examplification,is a method of supporting a thesis statement with a series of specific examples or,sometime,with a single extended example.It is one of the most common and most useful means of developing a paragraph or an essay.,13/45,Task 1,Guildlines,3.What is exemplification?,An exemplification essay uses examples to elaborate or support a certain claim.It is a way of expressing a generalization supported with examples wherein you can use a collection of ideas in relevance to your subject.You will need examples to be able to explain,elaborate,and prove your point or argument.It can be brief,comprehensive,or both.By having enough details and using specific examples,you will have a good essay.,14/45,Task 1,Guildlines,4.What kind of examples should we choose?,Choose relevant examples,相关,Choose striking examples,让人印象深刻,Choose a variety of useful examples,各种有用,Choose representative examples,有代表性,Choose accurate examples,准确,Striking:,惹人注目标,a striking contrast,鲜明对照,15/45,Task 1,Guildlines,5.Where can we find appropriate examples?,From your personal experience.,From your personal observations.,From short stories,novels,television,or movies.,From authoritative sources:facts,statistics or reports.,16/45,Task 1,Guildlines,6.How to organize and write an exemplification essay?,Pattern A:Generalization(thesis),Specifics(supporting examples),Pattern B:Specifics(supporting examples),Generalization(thesis),17/45,Task 1,Guildlines,6.How to organize and write an exemplification essay?,Begin with a clear introduction.,Provide sufficient examples and use vivid language.,Use Linking sentences and transions.,End with an effective conclusion.,18/45,Activity 1,Practicing Guidelines,Activity 2,Reading on the subject,Unit 1,Task 1,We Learn as We Grow,19/45,Activity 1,Practicing guidelines on exemplification,1.Thesis statement:“Everything bores my friend Xiao Lin in the summer vacation.”,Bore:,To make weary by being dull,repetitive,or tedious,令人厌烦：因为单调、罗嗦或乏味而使人厌烦,E.g.The play bored us.,这出戏剧令我们感到厌烦,Useful expressions,：,for instance,on another occasion,on still another occasion,20/45,2.,Topic sentence,:During his(Stephen Hawkings)first two years at Cambridge,the effect of the disease rapidly worsened.,Supporting examples:,Difficulty in walking:,(1),He had to use a stick in order to move a few feet.,(2),With the support of walls an objects,as well as sticks,he would manage,very slowly,to move across rooms and open areas.,(3),He often arrived in the office with injuries from bad bumps he had received when he fell heavily.,Worsening speech:,His speech became difficult to follow even for those close to him.,The paragraph concludes with the last example.,21/45,3.,Topic sentence:,college students develop new ways to organize and use knowledge.,Linking sentence:,For some,this will be a painful experience,but for all it will be a growing experience.,Supporting example:,an extended example that begins with“One student”and ends with the last but one sentence in the paragraph.,The paragraph concludes with a restatement of the thesis.,22/45,Affirm:,1.To declare positively or firmly;maintain to be true.,断言：必定地或坚定地申明；证实正确,2.To support or uphold the validity of;confirm.,证实，确实：支持或维护,正确性；坚持认为,affirm ones loyalty to ones country,声言忠于祖国,affirm a judgement of the lower court,维持下级法庭判决,New Words:,23/45,4.Topic sentence:,Let us imagine a country in which reading is a popular voluntary activity.,Supporting examples:,(1)Parents read books and are seen at reading by their children.(2)These parents read to their children and support the countrys public library system with their taxes.(3)In school the children read both in and outside the classroom.(4)In college they begin to read extensively,about their own country and about other cultures.(5)After graduation they continue to read and bring up children to be avid(,渴求,)readers.,The paragraph concludes with the writers wish:It would be fortune to be able to live in such a country.,24/45,New words:,Edification:,Intellectual,moral,or spiritual improvement;enlightenment.,启迪：智力、伦理或精神上提升；启蒙,E.g.Good books give edification.,好书给人以启迪。,Underwrite:,To assume financial responsibility for;guarantee against failure:,负担财政责任；对破产给予保险：,Invariable:,Not changing or subject to change;constant.,不变：不变或不易变；一直如一,in the fullness of time,在适当时候,;,在预定时候,;,时机成熟时候,25/45,5.Topic sentence:,They turned survival skills into a type of art that was passed down from generation to generation.,Supporting examples:,1)making bricks;2)making clothes;3)making lace by hand;4)making beef jerky to preserve meat;5)making soap and candles,26/45,Irrelevant details:,1)Even buying material for clothes was a luxury few knew,2)The women enjoyed growing flowers to make the home look more attractive.,3)People loved to get together in the evenings and have dances.,4)Sometimes the men and women would work from sunup to sundown so they could take a day off for celebration.,27/45,New words:,Ingenuity,英,indinju:iti,美,ndnut:Inventive skill or imagination;cleverness.,设计能力：创造性能力或想象力；聪明才智,e.g.,The boy showed ingenuity in making toys.,那男孩在制作玩具方面有独创性。,Sturdy:,Substantially made or built;stout,坚固，耐用：,Adobe:,1.A sun-dried,unburned brick of clay and straw.,风干土坯：风干且未烧过粘土与稻草做成砖,2.,美国,Adobe,企业,是著名图形图像和排版软件生产商,Shearing sheep,剪羊毛,carding wool,粗疏羊毛,spinning yarn,纺纱,walnut shell,胡桃壳,tatting,梭织,beef jerky,牛肉干,28/45,Activity 2 Reading on the subject,Not,Always Bad,1.What did the writer major in at college?,He majored in physical therapy.,2.why did he take a course in economics in the first semester?Was he interested in,economics?How did he later find the course useful?,He took the course not because he was interested in economics but because it was required.Later he found what it covered was useful because it taught him how to handle personal financial matters.He also realized that what he had learned would help him achieve financial security in the future.,29/45,3.Why was he enrolled in a composition class in the second semester?Did he think writing important at first?How did he find writing important both in job hunting and on the job as a physical therapist?,He was enrolled in a composition class also because it was required,not because he thought it was important.He didnt realize the importance of writing until he started looking for a job.One of the things he had to do was to write decent application letters.When he filled out application forms he sometimes had to write several paragraphs to answer a question.He also learned from full-time physical therapists that they wrote reports,memos,letters,etc.on the job.,30/45,4.What is the function of the last sentence of the essay?,It is the conclusion and,at the same time,the thesis statement.,5.Which pattern of development is employed in this essay?,Pattern B,that is,from specifics to generalization,is employed.,6.Where does the writer draw his example?,The first two come from his personal experience,the third from outside sourcefull-time physical therapists.,31/45,Trial and Error,1.What do you learn from the essay about its writer?,She was learning sign language.,2.What is the central idea of the essay?,The writer was learning sign language through trial and error.,3.How does the writer develop this idea?,By using four examples from her own experience.,4.What pattern of development does she use?,Pattern A,from generalization to specifics.Her essay begins with a thesis statement,which is followed by four supporting examples.,5.How does the essay conclude?,It concludes with a restatement of the thesis.,32/45,Activity 3 Reading what your peers have written,1.Do you think the three essays fit the description of an example paper in terms of organization?If so,in what way?,Yes.All the three essays support the thesis statement with examples.The first two follow Pattern B,from specifics to generalization,that is,they begin with examples and conclude with a thesis statement.The third one follow Pattern A,from generalization to specifics,and reinforces the central idea in the conclusion,in a more effective way.,33/45,2.What message does each try to communicate to the reader?,The first:Mistakes are learning opportunities;the second:There is much to learn outside the university classroom;the third:Becoming a university student means independence.,3.What do you think of the examples they use?Are they relevant to the thesis statement?Are they representative and striking?,Basically yes.,4.Which of the three do you think is the best example essay?Why do you think so?,I like the third composition.The write used Pattern A and its eays for the reader to read.,34/45,Writing assignment One,You are required to write an exemplification paper of 200-250 words on the topic.(P11),The procedure,1.prewriting:choosing a topic and exploring ideas,2.drafting:getting your ideas on paper,3.revising:strengthening your essay,4.editing and proofreading:eliminating technical errors,35/45,Definition and Types,Structure and,Elements of an E E,Outline,Unit 1,Task 2 Essay,We Learn as We Grow,36/45,Task 2,Guildlines,1.What is an essay?,2.How many types of essays are there?,3.Do you know the basic structure of an expositive essay?,4.What are the elements of the expositive essay?,5.What is an outline?,6.How many types of outlines are often used?,37/45,Task 2,Guildlines,1.What is an essay?,An essay is a related group of paragraphs written for some purpose.,2.Types of essays,Narrative essays,Descriptive essays,Expositive essays,Argumentative essays,38/45,Task 2,Guildlines,3.Basic structure of an expositive essay,Introduction,body,conclusion,4.Elements of the expositive essay,Outlining,thesis statement,title,transitions,39/45,Task 2,Guildlines,5.What is an outline?,An outline is a method of organizing materials in logical order.It is a list that shows the main ideas and the structure of something you are planning to write.In other words,it is a plan for a piece of writing.,6.Types of outline,Topic outline:key words and phrases,Sentence outline:complete sentences,40/45,Task 2,Activity 1,Practicing guidelines on outlining.,The outline below is faulty.Find out what is wrong with it.,II.The day turned out to be a mess.,A.I couldnt understand a thing of the recorded,dialogue.,B.I could hardly open my mouth in the oral class.,C.The intensive reading class seemed better.,D.I didnt have any more lessons.,In II,major division C and D are not related to A and B,and they dont support the main idea of this part.Therefore,they should bu cut off.,41/45,Task 2,Activity 1,Practicing guidelines on outlining.,Study the following outline for an essay.Point out what is wrong and improve it.,See Page 16.,Key:The outline is wrong in three ways:,1.Major ideas marked I,II,III are not presented in the same grammatical structure.,2.Under II,the major division indicated by A and B are not parallel in structure.,3.Also in the second part(II),under A,there is only 1 but no 2.Under B,1 and 2 are notexpressed in the same structure.,42/45,Outline of,Journey into Maturing,Thesis:My first ten months in university is a journey into,maturing.,.I have become more realistic and positive about what,university is for.,A.University is a competitive society rather than a,relaxing paradise.,B.I have learned to face the reality that what is,necessary is not always pleasant.,.Living on campus,my character has improved.,A.I began to think for myself.,B.I have become more tolerant and much friendlier to,people with whom I have little in common.,.I changed my attitude towards study.,A.I could concentrate on reading for the whole morning.,B.I aim higher in my studies.,.Life in university has prep