中考英语复习--语法知识盘点-第13讲-复合句市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第,13,讲,复合句,第1页,一、句型转换，每空一词。,1.Daves father went to bed after he came back home last,night.(改为同义句),didnt,until,Daves father _ go to bed _ he came back,home last night.,2.John asked,“Can you care for my pet cat while Im,away,？,”(改,为同义句),if/whether,could,John asked _ I _ care for his pet cat while,he was away.,第2页,3.“How do you sell goods at the WeChat shop,？,”Kevin,asked me.(改为同义句),how,sold,Kevin asked me _ I _ goods at the WeChat,shop.,4.The phone rang suddenly and I was doing my homework at,that time.(改为同义句),I _ _ my homework _ the phone,rang suddenly.,was,doing,when,5.Tell him the truth at once,or he will be angry.(改为主从复,合句),If,you,_ _ dont tell him the truth at once,he will be angry.,第3页,who/that,that,where,二、用适当关系代词或关系副词填空。,1.Are you the lady _ asked for soap?,2.Youre the only person _ can help me.,3.This is the village _ he was born.,4.Where is the man _ I saw this morning?,5.He drives a car _ can travel 150 miles an hour.,whom/who/that,that/which,第4页,考情透析：,在广东省中考英语试卷中，复合句主要考查,是时间状语从句,(,尤其是,when,引导时间状语从句,)、条件状语,从句(,尤其是,if,引导条件状语从句,),、宾语从句及定语从句,(,特,别是引导词,who,which,that)使用方法辨析。复合句在广,东省中考,英语试卷中所占比重很大，需要考生重点复习。,第5页,考点,规则或使用方法,例句,引,导,词,陈说句充当宾语从句时，用 that,引导，that 在句中不充当任何成,分(that 通常可省略),We found(that)mom had known the,secret.我们发觉妈妈已经知道了这,个秘密。,普通疑问句充当宾语从句时，,用 whether/if 引导，if 和,whether 表示“是否”，在句中,不做任何成份，通常能够交换。,假如从句中有 or 或 or not，则,只能用 whether,The man kept asking whether the,director would come back or not/if,the director would come back the,next day.这个人不停问主任第二天,是否会回来。,宾语从句,当一个句子在复合句中充当宾语时，该句叫宾语从句。其,考点主要是宾语从句引导词、语序及时态等。以下表：,第6页,考点,规则或使用方法,例句,引,导,词,宾语从句为特殊疑问句时，用,what,who,where,when,how,why,which,whose 等疑问词引,导。疑问代词 who,what,which,whom 在从句中做主语,或宾语，疑问副词 when,where,why,how 等在从句中做状语,I dont know how they made it.我不,知道他们怎么做到。,Just watch what he does.注意他做,了什么。,语序,不论主句是陈说句还是疑问,句，宾语从句都要用陈说句语,序，即：主语在前，谓语动词,在后,We dont know where he lives.我们,不知道他住在哪里。,Do you know where he lives？你知,道他住在哪里吗？,(续表),第7页,考点,规则或使用方法,例句,时态,主句时态是普通现在时，从句,谓语动词依据详细情况使用任,何一个时态,He says that hell pass the exam.他,说他会经过考试。,He says that he came back,yesterday.他说他是昨天回来。,主句是普经过去时，从句用相,应过去时态,She said that there were many books,on the desk.她说桌上有很多书。,He told me he had finished his work.,他告诉我他已经完成了他工作。,假如从句所说是客观真理或,事实，从句中谓语动词则要,用普通现在时,The teacher told his students that the,earth goes around the sun.老师告诉,学生们地球围绕太阳转。,(续表),第8页,注意：,1.,由,what,how,where,等疑问词引导,宾语从句可转,换为,“,疑问,词不定式,”结构。如：,She hasnt decided where she will go on holiday.,She hasnt,decided where to go on holiday.,她还没决定去哪里度假。,Could you tell me how I can make fruit salad?,Could you,tell me how to make fruit salad,？,你能告诉我怎么做水果沙拉,吗？,第9页,2.,动词,thi,nk,make,find,等后面宾语,从句可转换为简单,句，即：,think/make/find,宾语,宾语补足语。如：,I think that hes a great man.,I think him a great man.我认为,他是个了不起人。,3.,假如主句谓语动词是,th,ink,believe,guess,suppose,等动,词，要将从句中,否定词放到主句谓语动词之前，即,“,否定前,移,”,：主句谓语动词用否定式，从句中则用必定式。如：,I dont think(that)he is a Chinese.,我认为他不是中国人。,第10页,定语从句,由关系代词或关系副词引导修饰名词或代词从句称为,定语从句，被修饰名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句,关系词有：,关系代词：who,whom,that,whose,which,关系副词：when,where,why,第11页,关系词选取,1.先行词指人时，通惯用 who(做主语、表语或宾语),whom,(做宾语)或 that(做主语、表语或宾语)做引导词。引导词做主语,时不能省略，做宾语时能够省略。如：,Jimmy is the man who/that has won the first prize.吉米就是,那个取得一等奖人。,The man(that/who/whom)we all like is our head teacher.我们,大家都喜欢人是我们班主任。,第12页,2.先行词指物时，可用 that/which 引导，在从句中做主语、,表语或宾语。若前面有介词时，只能用 which。如：,The book that/which is thicker is mine.那本厚些书是我。,The knife with which I cut the apples is very sharp.我用来切,苹果那把刀很尖锐。,3.先行词与定语从句中某个名词有所属关系，表示,“,”,时，要用关系代词 whose 做定语。如：,The math book whose cover is red is hers.封面是红色那本,数学书是她。,第13页,4.先行词为表示时间词，且在定语从句中做时间状语时，,惯用关系副词 when。如：,I will never forget the days when we studied together in,America.我永远不会忘记我们一起在美国学习那些日子。,5.先行词为表示地点词，且在定语从句中做地点状语时，,惯用关系副词 where。如：,We spent two weeks in the city where we met for the first time.,我们在首次相遇城市里待了两周。,注意：,关系副词,whe,n,where,只能在从句中做状,语，不可充,当主语或宾语。,第14页,6.先行词为 reason(原因)，且在定语从句中做原因状语时，,要用关系副词 why。如：,Nobody knows the reason why she left this company.没有些人,知道她离开这家企业原因。,第15页,只能用关系代词,that,情况,情况,例句,先行词前面有形容词最高级、序数词等修饰,It is the largest map that I have ever seen.它是我见过最大地图。,先行词前有all,any,much,little,none,every,few,no one,the one等词修饰,Please move out all the desks that are old.请把全部旧桌子搬出去。,先行词前有the only,the very,the last,the same等词修饰,The only thing that I want to do now is to have a big meal.我现在唯一想做事就是大吃一顿。,第16页,情况,例句,先行词是不定代词,something,anything,nothing,everything 等,Is there anything that I can do for,you？我能够为你做些什么吗？,先行词同时包含人和物,I can see many people and,buildings that are reflected in the,lake.我能看到湖面上倒映出,许多人和建筑。,主句是 who 或 which 等引,导特殊疑问句,Who is the girl that spoke to you,just now？刚才和你说话那个,女孩是谁？,(续表),第17页,状语从句,假如一个句子在复合句中做状语，则该句叫状语从句。其,考点是各类状语从句引导词及主从句时态一致问题。,时间状语从句,时间状语从句引导词有 when(当,时；就在这时),as,(当,时),while(当,时；然而),till/until(直到,),since,(自从,以来),before(在,之前),after(在,之后),as,soon as(一,就,),by the time(到,时)等。,注意：,假如主句是普通未来时态，时间状语从句中应用一,般现在时态替换普通未来时态，即,“,主将从现,”,。,第18页,引导词,使用方法,例句,when,意为“当时；就在这,时”，表示主句和从句动作,同时发生或先后发生，或从句,动作发生在主句动作之前,或之后。when 引导时间状,语从句中既可用延续性动词，,也可用非延续性动词，可表示,瞬时时间段,They were talking,happily when I,walked past the door.,当我走过门口时，他,们正谈得很开心。,1.when,while 和 as 引导从句,第19页,引导词,使用方法,例句,while,意为“当时；然而”，强,调主句动作和从句动作同时,发生，或主句动作在从句动作,发生过程中发生，从句中只,能用延续性动词，且多用进行,时态；也可表示前后对比关系,My mother was,cooking while I was,doing my homework.,我做作业时候，妈,妈在做饭。,(续表),第20页,引导词,使用方法,例句,as,表示“一边一边”，,强调从句动作伴随主句动作,发生，所引导从句中既可用,延续性动词，也可用非延续性,动词,As they walked along,the lake,they sang,happily.他们一边缘,着湖边走，一边高兴,地唱歌。,(续表),第21页,2.till/until 引导从句,till/until 表示,“,直到,”,，若主句为必定式，此时主句谓,语动词必须用延续性动词，表示,“,做某事直到某时,”,；若主句,为否定式，此时主句谓语动词用延续性或非延续性动词皆可，,表示,“,直到某时才做某事,”,。如：,He ran till it rained.他一直跑直到下雨。,He didnt run till it rained.直到下雨了，他才开始跑。,The bus wont start until everybody gets on.公共汽车直到每,个人都上车了才会发动。,第22页,3.since 引导从句,since 表示,“,自从,以来,”,，后跟表示过去时间点。主,句普通用现在完成时，从句用普通过去时。常见短语为ever since,(自那时起一直到现在)，惯用句型为,“,It is/has been时间段,since 从句,”,。如：,The family has lived in the old house since the father died.自,从父亲过世，这家人就一直住在这栋老房子里。,It is/has been ten years since he lived here.他住在这儿已经,10 年了。,第23页,4.before 和 after 引导从句,before 引导从句表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前；,after 引导从句表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。二者可,与 not.until.相互转换。如：,We turned off the light before we left.We didnt turn off the,light until we left.We left after we turned off the light.我们在离,开前关了灯。,第24页,5.as soon as 引导从句,as soon as 表示,“,一,就,”,，表示主句动作紧伴随,从句动作进行。如：,I will throw away the broken pair of shoes as soon as I buy a,new one.等我一买到新鞋，我就会把这双破鞋扔掉。,第25页,原因状语从句,原因状语从句引导词有 because(因为),since(因为，既,然),as(因为，因为),for(因为)等。如：,He didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill.他昨天,没来上学，因为他生病了。,Since you are free,you can help him.既然你没什么事，你可,以帮帮他。,David just waited there as he didnt know what to do.因为不,知道该做什么，大卫就等在那儿。,The Smiths had to start early,for there was a long way to go.,史密斯一家不得不早早动身，因为有很长路要走。,注意：,because,和,so 不能同时使用。,第26页,地点状语从句,地点状语从句引导词有 where(哪里),wherever(不论哪,里)等。如：,Id like to go where the air is very fresh.我想去空气比较清,新地方。,Wherever you go,Ill be right here waiting for you.不论你去,哪儿，我都会在这儿等你。,第27页,条件状语从句,条件状语从句引导词有 if(假如),unless(除非，假如,不),as long as(只要),as far as(就,所知)等。若主句用普通将,来时，条件状语从句可用普通现在时表示未来动作。如：,He will return if he finds the truth.假如发觉真相，他就会返,回。,第28页,比较状语从句,比较状语从句引导词有 as.as(和,一样),not so/as.,as(和,不一样),than(比)等。如：,Peter is not as tall as his brother.彼得不像他哥哥那么高。,目标状语从句,目标状语从句引导词有 so that(方便于；目标是；为了),in,order that(为了)等。如：,He stood up so that/in order that he could see the blackboard,clearly.他站起来，方便能清楚地看到黑板。,第29页,引导词,结构及使用方法,例句,so.that,“so,形容词,/副词,that,从句,”,和,“so形容,词a/a,n,单数名词,that,从句”,She is so beautiful that we all like her.,She is so beautiful a girl that we all,like her.她如此漂亮以至于我们都喜,欢她。,名词前有,much,many,little(,少,),few,等词修,饰时，只能用,so,There is so much water left that its,enough for a 7-day trip.所剩水还,很多，足够维持七天旅程。,结果状语从句,结果状语从句引导词有 so/such.that.(如此,以至,于,)等。,注意：,so.that.,和,such.that.区分：,第30页,(续表),引导词,结构及使用方法,例句,such.that,such(a/an)形容词可数名词/不可数名词that从句,Its such fine weather that all of us want to go to the mountain.天气这么好，以至于我们都想去山里。,They are such lovely flowers that the girl buys all of them.这些花这么漂亮，以至于这个女孩把它们全买了。,little意为,“,小,”,时，用such,They are such little sheep that we are worrying about whether they can survive the winter.这些羊这么小，我们担心它们能否熬过冬天。,第31页,让步状语从句,让步状语从句引导词有 though/although(即使/尽管,不过),even though/if(即使，尽管)等。如：,Although/Though shes not beautiful,shes kind and sincere.,即使不漂亮，但她善良而真诚。,注意：,although/though,不能和,but 连用。,第32页,1.Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten,years.Everything _ comes into sight is so new to me.(,年广东,),A.that,B.which,C.who,D.whom,点拨,选,A,考查定语从句关系词选取。句意：在过去,十年间，我们城市发生了巨大改变。对我来说映入眼帘,一切都是新。当先行词为,something,anything,everything,等表,物不定代词时，关系代词要用,that,。故选,A。,第33页,2.I wonder _.,It will fall on a Saturday.(,年广东,),A.how will National Day fall on this year,B.how Nati,onal Day will fall on this year,C.what day will National Day fall on this year,D.what day National Day will fall on this year,点拨,选,D,考查宾语从句陈说语序。句意：,“,我想知,道今年国庆节将是周几？,”“,周六。,”,问询,“,周几,”,用,what,day,。依据答语中,Saturday,可知应该用,what day 提问，故排除,A,、,B,两项；另外，宾语从句应该使用陈说语序，故选,D。,第34页,3.David asked _ in China.,Of course not.Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a,greeting.(,年广东,),A.why he can greet a lady by kissing her,B.why he could greet a lady by kissing her,C.whether he can gre,et a lady by kissing her,D.whether he could greet a lady by kissing her,点拨,选,D,考查宾语从句时态使用方法。宾语从句主句,假如是普经过去时，从句用对应过去时态。所以首先排除,A,和,C,；依据答语可知问句应该是：大卫问在中国他是否能经过,亲吻女士以表示问候。故选,D,。,第35页,4.Could you tell me _ a moment ago,？,(,年广州,),A.what were they talking about,B.what are th,ey talking about,C.what they were talking about,D.what they are talking about,点拨,选,C,考查宾语从句陈说语序。依据选项了解句,意：您能告诉我刚才他们正在谈论什么吗？,A,项为过去进行时,态特殊疑问句；,B,项为现在进行时态特殊疑问句；,C 项为,过去进行时态陈说句；D,项为现在进行时态陈说句。分析,句子结构知，本句是含有宾语从句复合句，由从句中,a moment,ago,知，本宾语从句用过去范围内时态，排除,B,、,D,；又因宾,语从句应用陈说句语序，故选,C。,第36页,5.Show me the map,please.I wonder _.,Look.Its here.In the east of China,near Taiwan Province.,(,年汕尾,),A.where is Diaoyu Island,C.what is Diaoyu Island like,B.where Diaoyu Island is,D.when Diaoyu Island is,点拨,选,B,考查宾语从句陈说语序。句意：,“,请给我,地图，我想知道钓鱼岛在哪里？,”“,看，在这里，在中国东,部，靠着台湾。,”,依据后面这一句，应该是想知道钓鱼岛在哪,里。故排除,C,，,D,。,wonder,动词，后面是宾语从句，从句应该,用陈说语序，故选,B,。,第37页,6.Most students dont know _ when their phones are,taken away.(,年佛山,),A.what can they do,B.how they could communicate,C.who they can play,with,点拨,选,C,考查宾语从句陈说语序。句意：大多数学生,不知道，当他们手机被没收时他们能跟谁玩。,A,项他们能做,什么；,B,项他们怎样能交流；,C 项他们与谁玩。分析题干和选,项知，本题考查是宾语从句。宾语从句用陈说句语序，排除,A,；依据时态一致性标准知，本宾语从句应用普通现在时态表,达。故选,C,。,第38页,7.,Running man,is a very relaxing TV program _ is hot,among the young people.(,年广东,),A.what,B.which,C.who,D.whom,点拨,选,B,考查定语从句关系词选取。句意：奔跑吧，,弟兄是一个非常有趣在年轻人中间很受欢迎电视节目。,定语从句先行词,TV program,为,“,物,”,，所以应该用,which,来,引导。故选,B。,第39页,8.The stories _ were written by Mark Twain are often,humorous.(,年广州,),A.that,B.those,C.who,D.what,点拨,选,A,考查定语从句关系词选取。句意：马克,吐,温写那些故事经常很幽默。分析句子结构知，本句是含有定,语从句复合句，其先行词为,stories,，指物。,that 作为关系代词,时，其先行词普通是人或物；those 不能作为关系词，故排除；,who,作为关系代词时，其先行词是人；,what,不能用作关系代词，,故排除。故选,A,。,第40页,9.I hate people _ laugh at others when they are in trouble.,(,年汕尾,),A.who,B.whom,C.which,D.they,点拨,选,A,考查定语从句关系词选取。句意：我讨厌那,些当他人处于困难中嘲笑他们人。句子缺乏是定语从句,主语，故选,A,。,第41页,10.I wonder whether Brazil will win the match later tonight.,Go to bed first.I will wake you up as soon as the match,_.(,年广东,),A.starts,B.started,C.will start,D.is starting,点拨,选,A,考查时间状语从句。,as soon as,引导时间状,语从句，遵照,“,主将从现,”,标准，故选,A。,第42页,11.Do you know _,？,8,844.43,meters.Its a popular place with mountain climbers.,(,年广东,),A.how high is Qomolangma,B.how long is Qomolangma,C.how high Qomo,langma is,D.how long Qomolangma is,点拨,选,C,考查宾语从句陈说语序。宾语从句应用陈说,句语序，由答句可知问高度，应用,how high,故选,C。,第43页,12.I dont understand _ such a silly question in class,yesterday.(,年广州,),A.why did John ask,B.why John asked,C.why is John asking,D.why John,asks,点拨,选,B,考查宾语从句陈说语序。由宾语从句应用陈,述句语序可排除,A,、,C,两项；又由时间状语,yesterday,可知宾语,从句应用普通过去时。故选,B,。,第44页,13.We lost the way in the forest,and we didnt know _.,(,年佛山,),A.where we get back,B.when did we get back,C.how we could ge,t back,点拨,选,C,考查宾语从句陈说语序。宾语从句应用陈说,句语序，且主句为普通过去时，从句应用对应过去时态。故,选,C,。,第45页,14.Could you tell me _,？,Yes,they _ to the library.(,年梅州,),A.where are the twins;have been,B.where,were the twins;have been,C.where the twins are;have gone,D.where the twins were;have gone,点拨,选,C,考查宾语从句陈说语序。由宾语从句应用陈,述句语序可排除,A,、,B,两项；又结合语境可知时态为现在时，,故选,C,。,第46页,15.When Robinson Crusoe got to the island,the first thing,_ he did was to look for some food.(,年广东,),A.who,B.that,C.which,D.whom,点拨,选,B,考查定语从句关系词选取。先行词前面有序,数词修饰时，关系词应用,that,。故选,B,。,16.Do you,know the man _ is talking to Miss Wu,？,(,年广州,),A.he,B.whom,C.who,D.which,点拨,选,C,考查定语从句关系词选取。先行词,the man,指人，且在从句中做主语，从句应用,who/that,引导。故选,C。,第47页,17.A WeChat(微信)is an invention _ can help,people talk to friends,share photos,ideas and feelings freely.(,年梅州,),A.which,B.who,C.whose,D.how,点拨,选,A,考查定语从句关系词选取。先行词,an,invention,指物，且在从句中做主语，从句应用,which/that,引导。,故选,A,。,第48页,18.The young lady _ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan,about the program,I Am a Singer,is from,21st Century Talent,Net,.(,年广东,),A.who,B.whom,C.which,D.whose,点拨,选,A,考查定语从句关系词选取。先行词,the young,lady,指人，且在从句中做主语，从句应用,who/t,hat,引导。故选,A,。,第49页,19.People _ smoke in a public place may have to pay,500,yuan,as a punishment.(,年佛山,),A.what,B.who,C.which,点拨,选,B,考查定语从句关系词选取。先行词,people,指人，且在从句中做主语，从句应用,who/that,引导。故选,B。,第50页,20.I like the cartoon _ has a happy ending and makes,me _.(,年梅州,),A.which;to laugh,B.that;to laugh,C.whose;laughing,D.which;laugh,点拨,选,D,考查定语从句关系词选取。先行词,the,cartoon,指物，,that,或,which,都可做此处关系代词。,make sb.do,sth.,让某人做某事。故选,D。,第51页,21.Look！This is the woman _ I met yesterday.,Oh!She is my aunt.(,年湛江,),A.what,B.who,C.where,D.when,点拨,选,B,考查定语从句关系词选取。先行词,the,woman,指人，且在从句中做宾语，从句由,who/th,at,引导或省略,引导词均可。故选,B,。,第52页,22.Todays young people cant live without smart phones.They,keep their hands on the phones whenever they go,even while they,_ meals.(,年广东,),A.had,C.are having,点拨,选,C,B.will have,D.were having,考查状语从句时态。此处是,while 引导时,间状语从句。主句为普通现在时从句部分用与现在时相关时,态才符合题意。故选,C,。,第53页,23.If Nancy _ the exam,she will go to Australia for,English study.(,年广东,),A.pass,B.passed,C.passes,D.will pass,点拨,选,C,考查状语从句时态。此句是,if,引导条件,状语从句。因为,“,主将从现,”,标准，故选,C,。,24.Medic,al workers were sent to Yaan soon _ the,earthquake happened.(,年佛山,),A.after,B.before,C.until,点拨,选,A,考查状语从句引导词。句意：地震发生很快,后，医疗工作者就被派往了雅安。,soon after,表示,“,很快以后,”,，,符合题意。故选,A。,第54页,25.If the weather _ fine,we _ have a sports,meeting this weekend.(,年茂名,),A.will be;will,B.is;will,C.was;would,点拨,选,B,考查状语从句时态。此句是,if,引导条件,状语从句。因为,“,主将从现,”,标准，故选,B。,第55页,26.Have you asked the policeman _,？,Yes.He told us to turn left onto Main Street.Its on the right.,(,年广东,),A.if there is a bank near here,B.how can we get to the nearest bank,C.where can we find a bank,D.when we can go to the nearest bank,点拨,选,A,考查宾语从句陈说语序。宾语从句用陈说句,语序，故排除,B,、,C,两项。依据答句，故选,A。,第56页,27.Could you say it again,？,I cant understand _,_ you,are talking about.(,年广州,),A.how,B.when,C.what,D.which,点拨,选,C,考查宾语从句引导词。,understand,后跟是,一个宾语从句。此处缺一个引导词。该引导词必须充当,about,宾语。故选,C。,第57页,28.Could you tell me _ during Earth Hour on Mar.31st,this year,？,(,年佛山,),A.where were you,B.what you are doing,C.who you stayed with,点拨,选,C,考查宾语从句时态和语序。依据后面时间,状语可知，此处宾语从句谓语应该是过去时。故排除,B,项。,又因为宾语从句要用陈说句语序，故选,C,。,第58页