概要写作ppt.ppt

概要写作summaryWhat is a summary?A summary is a brief statement that gives only the main points of something,not the details.牛津高阶英汉双解词典1考纲要求1.考纲要求概要写作。概要写作。提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右（少于40或多于80词扣两分）的内容概要。阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：1.对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；2.应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；3.上下文的连贯性；4.对各要点表达的独立性情况。2写作特点2.写作特点be thorough be briefrestate/own wordsbe objective3 写作步骤分段分段阅读阅读找要点找要点改写改写修改修改 Read two or three times to find the structure.Divide the whole passage into several parts and find the key point of each part.Rewrite the key points by using your own words.Polish the whole passage.n n阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 60 词左右的内容概要。词左右的内容概要。We We shouldnt shouldnt judge judge a a person person by by their their appearance appearance but but we we do.do.In In fact,fact,the the experts experts say say that that when when we we meet meet someone someone for for the the first first time time we we make make a a decision decision about about what what that that person person is is like like in in three three seconds.seconds.But But what what do do we we look look at?at?One One of of the the most most important important things things is is clothes,clothes,but but it it isnt isnt the the brand brand of of clothes clothes that that people people wear wear that that is is important.important.The The important important thing thing is is to to wear wear the right clothes for the occasion.the right clothes for the occasion.Schools Schools have have always always understood understood this this and and a a lot lot of of them them ask ask their their students students to to wear wear a a uniform.uniform.Why?Why?A A lot lot of of teachers teachers think think a a uniform uniform makes makes students students feel feel that that they they are are part part of of their their school school and and that that their their uniform uniform helps helps them them to to be be serious serious about about their their studies.studies.Teachers Teachers say say that that uniforms uniforms can can help help in in other other ways ways too.too.If If all all the the students students wear wear uniforms,uniforms,they they cant cant judge judge each each other other because because of of their their clothes.clothes.It It also also avoids avoids arguments arguments about about who who or or what what is is fashionable.fashionable.However,However,it it is is not not only only schools schools that that want want people people to to dress dress in in a a certain certain way.way.We We all all have have fixed fixed ideas ideas about about what what the the people people in in a a certain certain profession profession should should wear.wear.If If we we visit visit a a doctor,doctor,we we expect expect to to see see respectable respectable clothes clothes under under the the doctors doctors white white coat.coat.When When we we go go into into a a bank bank we we expect expect the the staff staff to to wear wear suits suits or or dresses.dresses.Police Police officers officers wear wear uniforms uniforms to to deter deter crime crime by by establishing establishing a a visible visible presence presence while while on on patrol,patrol,to to make make themselves themselves easily easily identifiable identifiable to to non-police non-police officers officers or or their their colleagues colleagues who who require require assistance,assistance,and and to to quickly quickly identify identify each each other other at at crime crime scenes scenes for for ease ease of of coordination.coordination.In In fact,fact,a a lot lot of of companies companies have have dress dress codes codes for for their their staff staff because because they they know know that that the the customers customers expect expect to to see see them them dressed dressed in in certain certain types of clothes.types of clothes.But But can can our our clothes clothes really really tell tell people people what what we we are are like?like?Maybe Maybe not,not,but but they they can can show show our our attitude attitude to to what what we we are are doing doing at at the the moment.moment.When When people people see see us us in in the the right right clothes,clothes,they they think think we we are are serious serious about about what what we we are are doing.doing.Furthermore,Furthermore,if if we we are are clean,clean,smart smart and and polite,polite,people people will will have have confidence in us.confidence in us.Para.1Para.3Para.2Para.4Before writing:Read for structure and key points Reading for StructureHow many parts can we divide the passage?Para 1：Part1 topicpara2:evidence/examplepara3:evidence/examplePart 2 supporting detailspara4:Part3 conclusion How to Get Key Points?topic sentence for each paragraph Find:the first/last sentence/join them together Summarize in your own words Read for Key PointsPara.1 We shouldnt judge a person by their appearance but we do.In fact,the experts say that when we meet someone for the first time we make a decision about what that person is like in three seconds.But what do we look at?One of the most important things is clothes,but it isnt the brand of clothes that people wear that is important.The important thing is to wear the right clothes for the occasion._Point 1_Read for Key PointsPara.2 Schools have always understood this and a lot of them ask their students to wear a uniform.Why?A lot of teachers think a uniform makes students feel that they are part of their school and that their uniform helps them to be serious about their studies.Teachers say that uniforms can help in other ways too.If all the students wear uniforms,they cant judge each other because of their clothes.It also avoids arguments about who or what is fashionable.n n _1._2._Point 2_3._4._benefitsRead for Key PointsPara.3 However,it is not only schools that want people to dress in a certain way.We all have fixed ideas about what the people in a certain profession should wear.If we visit a doctor,we expect to see respectable clothes under the doctors white coat.When we go into a bank we expect the staff to wear suits or dresses.Police officers wear uniforms to deter crime by establishing a visible presence while on patrol,to make themselves easily identifiable to non-police officers or their colleagues who require assistance,and to quickly identify each other at crime scenes for ease of coordination.In fact,a lot of companies have dress codes for their staff because they know that the customers expect to see them dressed in certain types of clothes._Point 3_Read for Key PointsPara.4 But can our clothes really tell people what we are like?Maybe not,but they can show our attitude to what we are doing at the moment.When people see us in the right clothes,they think we are serious about what we are doing.Furthermore,if we are clean,smart and polite,people will have confidence in us._Point 4List the Key PointsPara.Key points1It is important to wear the right clothes for the occasion.2Schools ask their students to wear a uniform.Why?3 However,it is not only schools that want people to dress in a certain way.We all have fixed ideas about what the people in a certain profession should wear a doctora bank Police officers a lot of companies 4 right clothes can show our attitude that we are serious about what we are doing.Furthermore,people will have confidence in us.After reading:restate the key points in your own words in a different wayHow to restate?2.use synonyms(同同义词义词的运用的运用)3.summarize examples(概括概括)bine sentences(合并句子合并句子)4.sometimes change the voice(主被主被动语态动语态转换转换)1.change the sentence structure(句型句型转转换换)Examples of restating the key pointsKey point 1The important thing is to wear the right clothes for the occasion.restateWearing right clothes for occasions is significant.Since judging a person by their appearance is unavoidable,wearing proper clothes for different occasions is more than vital.Clothes should be worn suitably for different occasionsExamples of restating the key pointsKey point 2Schools ask their students to wear a uniform.Why?restateStudents are required to wear uniforms for various benefits.Teachers think uniforms can make student serious about their study seriously and avoid arguments.wearing uniforms at school can help students become serious about their study and avoid many problemsExamples of restating the key pointsKey point 3 However,it is not only schools that want people to dress in a certain way.We all have fixed ideas about what the people in a certain profession should wear a doctora bank Police officers a lot of companies restate Different jobs need different clothes for customers expectations.People should attach importance to what they wear in certain ways.Different professions should dress themselves in certain ways.Examples of restating the key pointsKey point 4 Right clothes can show our attitude that we are serious about what we are doing.Furthermore,people will have confidence in us.restate Suitable clothes can show others we are serious and confident.Suitable clothes can make other aware of our seriousness and confidence.Proper clothes can present our attitudes such as being serious and confident.After writing:Use proper conjunctions(连连接接词词）to polish your passage.Introduction:The passage/article focuses on/mainly tells us表表转折：转折：but,however,though,although表并列、递进：表并列、递进：as well as,in addition to,not only.but also,besides,whats more,furthermore,.表表对比：对比：meanwhile,on the other hand,on the contrary,contrast,.表表列举：列举：firstly/secondly/finally/.表原因：表原因：because(of),due to,on account of,.;for表举例：表举例：for example/instance,such as,and so onEnding：therefore,consequently,In short,in conclusion,in a word 使用合适的连接词 Sample：The article mainly tells us wearing proper clothes is important for peoples first impressions.(要点1)For example,schools require students to wear uniforms for various benefits.(要点2)Besides schools,other places,like hospitals,banks,police stations and some companies also want their staffs to dress in uniforms properly.(要点3)In conclusion,our clothes can show our attitudes,such as being serious and having confidence.(要点4)(62词)some mistakes83 wordskey point missingConclusion：How to Write a Good Summary?1.1.仔细阅读文本：读结构、读主题句、读关键信仔细阅读文本：读结构、读主题句、读关键信息。息。2.2.用自己的语言表述文章的关键点，注意句子的用自己的语言表述文章的关键点，注意句子的语法结构和词汇的准确性，避免抄袭原句，不语法结构和词汇的准确性，避免抄袭原句，不遗漏要点。遗漏要点。(段落段落=要点要点)3.3.运用适当的连接词润色文章。运用适当的连接词润色文章。4.4.关注所写概要的关注所写概要的词数词数