定语从句历年高考汇总.doc

定语从句1. 定语从句的概念及分类2. 关系代词which, that, who, whom, whose，as引导的定语从句3.关系副词where, when, why引导的定语从句 4. 同位语从句与定语从句的区分 5. 介词+which/whom的用法打破窗户的男孩叫杰克。这就是他出生的地方。“关系词”具有的三种功能： (1)引导一个定语从句。 (2)替代“先行词”。（省去从句中对应的he /she / it / they / him / her / them /） (3)在定语从句中充当成分。(作主语/宾语/定语/状语）关系代词which, that, who, whom, whose，as关系副词where, when, why介词+which/whom的用法选择关系代词，还是关系副词首先要判断先行词在定语从句中充当的成分：关系代词一般充当主语、宾语；而关系副词一般充当状语。指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所属关系 whose，指地点 where=介词+which指时间 when= 介词+which指原因 why=for which1. Ill never forget the days _we worked together. 2. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place_ I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason_he gave.下列情况只用that:1. 先行词是all ,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，定语从句用that 。All _ can be done has been done.There is little _ can be believed about it .2. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，定语从句用that 。This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.3. 先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,the only,the last修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。No sample _ we have received is satisfactory.Please send us any information _ you have .He is the only person _ was present at the time.4. 先行词中既有人又有事物时The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.5) 在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中，要用that。 Whoever that is content with a little progress cant make big achievements.6) 关系代词在定语从句中作表语只用that。 He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place that it used to be.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.在介词+which/whomThis is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.This is the book_（封面是蓝色的）.(whose)The boss _（我爸爸在他的公司工作） is very kind. (whose)考点三：as引导的定语从句1.用于the sameas,suchas，中Such books as you tell me are interesting.This is the same book as I lent you yesterday.Such book _are interesting. (lend)你借给我的书很有趣。2. as有“正如”之意. As is said/reported/known/mentioned/stressed/expected/thought,.As sb. Says/reports/knows/mentions/stresses/expects/thinks, _（正如多次强调的）many times, serve the people is our aim. (10湖北高考)The result of the game, _（正如所料）, was far from being satisfactory._（正如所料）, the result of the exam is satisfying. 3. which可以指代整个句子，表示“这、这一点、这一件事。” He came back late, which made his mother worried.Conclusion :as和which在定语从句中都充当主语或宾语，as有正如之意，它引导的非限制性定语从句可以置于句首或句末，which没有正如之意，所引导的定语从句在句末。考点1： 先行词为way的定语从句先行词为way且定句中不缺少主语或宾语时，通常用in which或that引导(in which或that可省略)；如果定从中缺少主语或宾语，则用that 或which 。All of us disliked the way_Tom settled the maths problem.This is the way _he can think of.考点2：定语从句与强调句1.It is the library_I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book.考点3：定语从句于名词性从句的区别He is no longer the man _(他以前的样子).(used)He is no longer _ (他以前的样子). (used)My mother was so proud of all _(我所做的) that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. (do) (10湖北高考)My mother was so proud of _(我所做的) that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing.(do)考点4: 定语从句中 两者都不 ：neither of which/ whom 两者都：both of which/ whom 三者都不：none of which/ whom 三者都：all of which/ whomIn the room are lots of people, _. 房间里有很多人，很多人我不认识。He planted two trees last year, _. 去年他栽了两棵树，现在这两棵树都长得好。1. However, be_(care) not to go to extreme. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,_ is good for the health.(2017全国卷1)2. But my connection with pandas goes back_ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,_I was the first Western TV reporters permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. .(2016全国卷1)3. I had skipped nearby Guilin, a dream places for tourists seeking the limestone mountain top and dark waters of the Li River_ _are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings. (.(2015全国卷1)4. My eldest son, _work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.(2017,天津)5. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. （2017江苏）6. The little problems _we meet in our daily lives may be inspiration for great inventions.（2017北京）7. The publication of Great Excpcatations,_ _was widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.（2017江苏）8. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to 20, half of_it used to charge.（2017江苏）9. Many young people, most of _were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.(2016江苏)10. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _the weather may be better.11. One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote own all the reasons _this problem could not be solved. （2016天津）12. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of _has been proved.（2016浙江）13. I made friends with the natives and their reaction amazed me. They gave me present of their favorite artworks _they had refused to sell to tourists.（2016浙江）14. One important biological factor _helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.（2016四川）15. I live next door to a couple _children often make a lot of noise. （2016北京高考）16. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, _they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removed lead from the blood over several days. （2016北京高考）改错1. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. (2017全国卷2)2. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. (2017全国卷2)3 My uncle is the owner of a restaurant to that I live. .(2016全国卷1) 错题1. The Chinese American singer-songwriters Dee Hom Wang,_(wear) a black outfit that makes him liik like a warrior form the future, published two new songs from his coming album in Beijing _the afternoon of 19th Sept.2.It has been two and a half year _he released his last album.3.A few weeks ago, I sat in a meeting with Mr Radley,. His wife _a patient for the past four years.4. His life was already dead._ person who had been the love of his life was now gone. We tried to tell him that he should move on and have a new life of his own,_(convince) him to take a trip to relax.5. . Not only it improve their speaking English, but also it brought them much fun.6. I lost interesting in my studies and I was often absent from school.3