初一英语上册知识点精讲精练.doc

初一英语上册精讲精练

unit 1
词汇：1. my（ pron）. “我的”  形容词性物主代词还有his，her，your，their.
2.由name构成的短语first name( 名字)=given name, last name (姓氏 )=family name .
3.“电话号码”的表达方式：  telephone number =  phone number
4. 本单元出现的缩写有： I’m = I am  what’s = what is   it’s =it is
5. answer n. “回答；答案”（也可做动词“回答”，如answer the questions）
句式：(1). What +be动词(am,is,are) +your(his/her) name?  What’s your name?
What’s his name? What’s her name?
(2). 自我介绍时常用语： My name’s Jenny.   I’m Gina.
(3).表达第一次和某人见面的高兴之情：  Nice to meet you!
回答用：Nice to meet you，too!
(4). 询问别人的电话号码：  What’s your(你的)/her（她的）/his（他的）/their（他们的、她们的） telephone number?
(5). 询问别人的姓氏常用语：
What’s her family name?（你姓什么？）
Unit 2

词汇：1. pencil case 文具盒    pencil sharpener 铅笔刀  pen钢笔 eraser橡皮擦 ruler尺子  backpack 双肩背包  dictionary 字典2.指示代词：this 这个   that 那个3. in English 用英语  4. ID card 身份证
 5. computer game 电子游戏6. lost and found 失物招领 7. excuse me 打扰了8. call sb. 给某人打电话  9. a set of 一套；一副
句式：1. 询问某物品是否属于某人的问句及答语
—Is this/that your pencil?
—Yes, it is. It’s my pencil./No, it isn’t. It’s his pencil.
2. 询问某物用英语怎么说  What’s this in English?
3. How do you spell sth.?   How do you spell it?
4. What’s +sth?询问某物是什么  —What’s this?   —It’s a watch.
5. Call at sb. at +电话号码.       Call Alan at 495-3539.
练习：
1) What’s this? It’s      V.                
    A. a    B.an    C.the    D.\
2) Good night.      
 A. Good evening.  B.See you.  C.All right.
3) ----------  a lot .
A. Thank  B.Thanks   C.Thanks you   D.Thanks for
4) How is your father?  He is -------.A good  B.nice C.OK
5）What’s his     (one) name?  I don’t know. But I know his last name.
6）Is this ------eraser? No.It’s -------.
A. his his   B. his hers C. her hers
7）Is that her pencil?  Yes,------is.
A. it    B. that   C.She
8）------- you spell it?  Yes.P-E-N pen.
A. How  B.Can  C.\
9）Please call our school ------4516324.
A. with  B.\  C.at  D.on
10）Is that your car in the ----(lose) and ----(find) case?
11）Tell me the key ------the question.
A. to    B. of    C.about
12）There -----(be) a set of -----(key) on the table.
13）This kind of books ------(sell) well.We like it.
14）Could you please help me with my English？        .
A. With pleasure. B.That’s very nice of you.C.It’s my pleasure. Unit 3
词汇：1.称呼类词汇：sister 姐；妹 mother妈妈 father爸爸
brother兄；弟grandmother祖母；外祖母 grandfather祖父；外祖父
aunt姑母；伯母；婶母uncle叔；伯；舅；姨夫son 儿子
cousin表（堂）兄弟（姐妹） daughter女儿
本单元出现的缩写：
that’s = that is（那是）  
he’s = he is who’s=who is
Who’re=who are(是谁）
3. 本单元出现的指示代词：
this(这个) these 这些  that(那个) those(那些)
thanks for 为……而感谢
句式：1. This/That/These+ be动词（am,is,are）+ sb’s(某人的) …
This is his sister. 
That is my brother.
These are his brother.
2. be动词+代词+…？
eg:(1)Is this your sister?   
（2）Is she your sister?
3. Thanks for …  
eg:Thanks for the photo of your family.(谢谢你的全家福。)
4. Here +be 动词+…  (这是……)
eg:Here is my family photo.
(这是我的全家福)

Unit 4
词汇：1.本单元出现的家具类词汇：table桌子  bed床  bookcase书橱，书柜   sofa沙发   chair椅子  drawer抽屉
2.表位置的介词短语：under the table在桌子下面 on the sofa在沙发上in the backpack在双肩背包里 under the bed在床下面  on the chair在椅子上 on the dresser在梳妆台上on the table在桌子上  in the drawer在抽屉里   on the floor在地板上3.math book数学书 4.alarm clock闹钟puter game电脑游戏6.video tape录像带7.take sth. to sb.把某物带给某人
take these things to your sister把这些东西带给你姐姐8.ID card身份证9.bring sth. to some place把某物到给某地bring some things to school把一些物品带到学校10.pencil case铅笔盒11.in the bedroom在卧室12.in the kitchen在厨房
句式：1.询问地点——Where + be动词 + sth. 答语——It is/They are + 表位置的介词短语—Where’s my backpack？ —It’s under the table.
—Where are your books？ —They’re on the chair.
2.询问某物是否在某地的句型及答语
 —Is the baseball on the sofa？—No，it isn’t. It’s under the chair.
 —Are they on the bed？     —No，they’re not.
3.祈使句——Please do sth.   Please take these things to your sister…
4.can引导的一般疑问句     Can you bring some things to school？
5.倒装句——Here + be动词 + 主语   Here is my pen.
                                   Here are some apples.
1)_______(this) are my parents.
2)_______(that) are his friends.
3)Is this his father?   No,_______ isn’t.
  A.it   B.this   C.he
4)Is his mother your friend?  Yes,________is.   
A.he   B.she    C.you
5)Thanks _________your interesting book.
 A.for   B. very much  C.a lot

6)There _______ a photo of my friends.
7)My parents are _________teachers.
  A.both  B.all  C.each

Unit 5
词汇：1.球类名词小结soccer ball英式足球 ping-pong ball乒乓球tennis网球volleyball排球basketball篮球

2.“球拍”的表达 tennis racket网球拍  ping-pong bat乒乓球拍
3.play + 名词 结构的短语play sports参加体育运动play computer games玩电脑游戏
4.“play + 球类名词”结构的短语 play ping-pong ball打乒乓球play tennis 打网球 play soccer踢足球  play volleyball打排球
5.sports club运动俱乐部   6.first name名 last name=family name姓
7.watch TV看电视   on TV在电视上，通过电视
8.常用的描述某物或某事的形容词：interesting有趣的fun有趣的 relaxing轻松的 boring无聊的difficult困难的9.have a great sports collection有大量的体育收藏品   10.every day每天

句式：1.Do引导的一般疑问句  —Do you have a TV？—Yes，I do. / No，I don’t.—Does he have a tennis racket？  —Yes，he does. / No，he doesn’t.
2.祈使句——Let’s do sth.    Let’s play ping-pong.
3.主系表结构——主语 + 系动词 + 形容词    That sounds good.
1）  _______his parents _______(have) a ping-pang ball?    
   -----Yes,________________.
2) _________our English teacher ______(have) a basketball?
   -------No,_________________.
3) My friend ____________(看电视) every  day.
4) ______(他弟弟)______(有)many__________(sport)_________(club).
5)You ___________( not ,have) ______(sport) every  day.
6)She _____ not,watch TV) in the evening. She _________(study) English every day.
7)Let’s_________(play) volleyball with ______(she).
She ________(play) every day.
8)Let your sisiter _______(play) the computer game.
9)We _________(have) a __________(sport)_____________(collect).
  It_________(be)__interest).
10)My parent __________(not like)__________(play)________(sport).
     Because it’s _____________(bore)
11._________(他们)___________(not play) sports every day.
  _____(they) only _____(watch)_____(they)____(in\on\with\by)TV.
12.-------_______(let)______(he)_____(play)_______the\a\an\\) baseball.
  --------_________(sound) good.

Unit 6
词汇：1.水果banana香蕉 orange橙子strawberry草莓 pear梨 apple苹果
2.蔬菜  tomato西红柿   carrot胡萝卜broccoli花椰菜
3.食品   hamburger汉堡包 French fries薯条ice cream冰淇淋
salad沙拉chicken鸡肉      egg鸡蛋
4.countable nouns可数名词  uncountable nouns不可数名词
5.running star赛跑明星
6.lots of = a lot of非常多，很多（后面既可跟可数名词复数，也可跟不可数名词）
7.healthy food健康食品
8. have sth. for breakfast/lunch/dinner/dessert早餐/中餐/晚餐/甜点吃……

句式：1.询问某人是否喜欢某物的句型及答语
  —Do/Does sb. like sth.？ —Yes，sb. do/does.  —No，sb. don’t/doesn’t.
—Do you like salad？—Yes，I do./ No，I don’t.
—Does he like pears？—Yeshe does. / No，he doesn’t.
2.祈使句——Let’s do sth.   Let’s have ice cream.
3.一般现在时的肯定句及否定句 I like oranges.  I don’t like bananas.
They like salad.     They don’t like broccoli.
She likes bananas.   She doesn’t like ice cream.
Unit 7
词汇：1. how much （价钱）多少
2. seven dollars七美元one/a dollar 一美元
3.a pair of socks 一双袜子two pairs of socks 两双袜子
4. “颜色+名词”结构的短语有：red sweater 红毛衣blue skirt 蓝裙子 black pants 黑裤子
5. 由help构成的短语：help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
 help sb. (to) do sth帮助某人做某事
6. want sth. 想买某物   want a sweater 想买一件毛衣
7. what color 什么颜色
8. at Huaxing’s=at Huaxing Clothes Store 在华兴服装店
9. come and buy your clothes 来买你的衣服
10.“like+名词”喜欢某物   like sweaters 喜欢毛衣
11.at a very good price 以非常优惠的价格 12.bags for sports 运动包
13. T-shirts in red=red T-shirts 红T恤衫
14. socks for only￥5 each  每双袜子五元
15. afford our prices负担得起我们的价格16. for yourself 亲自
17. come to some place 来某个地方
18. buy sth. from some place从某地买某buy skirt from Huaxing Clothes Store从华兴服装店买裙子
19. sell sth. to sb. = sell sb. sth.把某物卖给某
sell the bike to him = sell him the bike 卖给他自行车
20. have a look 看一看；看一眼have a look at = look at 看21. on sale 廉价销售for sale 等待出售
 备考句式：
1. How much + be动词+…?询问某物价钱
 How much is this T-shirt?
 = What’s the price of the T-shirt? How much are these socks?
2. It is /They are +数字+ 币种单位。表示某物多少钱
 It’s seven dollars.     They’retwo dollars.
3. can 引导的疑问句   Can I help you?
 同义表达： What can I do for you?  Is there anything I can do for you?
4. sb. want(s) sth.某人想买某物   I want a sweater.  
相当于：I want to buy a sweater.
5. What color do/does sb. want?  What color do you want?
6. 递给别人东西时的常用语：Here you are.
7. 决定要买某东西时的常用语：I’ll take it.   
8. Do/Does sb. like…?Do you like sweaters?
9. sb. sell(s) sth. for + 钱.  We sell pants for only ￥30.
10. Have a look at sth.    Have a look at Zig Zag’s Clothes Store.
1) Does your mother like __________(potato)? Yes,____________.
2) ___________(run)star Tom likes __________(health)food.
3)There is _____________food on the table .We like them ________.
 A.a lot    B. a lot of    C.lot   D. lot of
4)  ___lunch, she has lots of vegetables.___dinner,she studies English.  A.  For    B.  At   C. On   D.In
5)  There ______(be) some people under the desks.
6)  How much ________(be) the socks.？
7) The green hats are on __________(sell).
8)______________(have) a look at  our store.
9) Their clothes _______(be)________(also\too\either)yellow.

Unit 8
词汇：
1. “某人的生日”的表达有：
your birthday 你的生日 mother’s birthday 妈妈的生日
 Liu Ping’s birthday 刘平的生日
2. “几月几日”的表达方式：  某月1日/21日/31日 用“月份+ 1 st / 21st /31st”
September 1 st 9月1日    August 21 st 8月21日
某月2日/22日 用“月份+2 nd/ 22nd”
May 2 nd 5月2日 March 22 nd 3月22
某月3日/23日  用“月份+3 rd /23rd”  July 3 rd 7月3日
除上述日期外，其余的日期都用“月份+日期+th”November 11 th 11月11日
3. date of birth 出生日期4. how old 多大年龄
5. speech contest 演讲比赛 give a speech 发表演讲
6. school trip 学校郊游 trip的其他常用短语：go on a trip出去旅行business trip 出差7. basketball game 篮球比赛 volleyball game 排球比赛8. birthday party 生日聚会 party的其他短语有：at the party 在聚会上have a party 举行聚会
9. School Day 校庆10. Art Festival 艺术节11. Music Festival 音乐节12. English Party 英语聚会
 句式：
1. When + be动词+其他？询问时间
When is your birthday?  When is your mother’s birthday?  
Joe, when is the school trip?
2. sb.’s birthday +be动词+日期 My birthday is June fourth.
 Her birthday is July 22 nd.
3. How old +be动词+sb?   How old are you?
4. Do/Does sb. have /has...? Do you have a School Day at your school? Do you have an Art Festival?    5. sb. +be动词+年龄  I’m fifteen years old.

Unit9
词汇
1.中学阶段常见科目
 Chinese语文   P.E.体育art美术  science科学 music音乐   math数学
 history历史   biology生物  physics物理   chemistry化学
2.“favorite+名词”表示“最喜欢的……”
favorite city最喜欢的城市favorite food最喜欢的食物favorite color最喜欢的颜色favorite TV show最喜欢的电视秀favorite sport最喜欢的运动favorite subject最喜欢的科目
3.on Monday在星期一
4.“have+学科名词”表示“上……课” have math上数学课  have science上科学课
5.my music teacher我的音乐老师       6.my last class我的最后一节课
7.be tired是疲劳的（相当于feel tired） 8.after lunch午饭后 after class下课后9.play + 球类名词10. play with sth.和某物玩耍 play with my dog和我的狗一起玩耍句式1.询问某人最喜欢的物品的句型
 —What’s your favorite subject？
—My favorite subject is science
2.询问原因的句型及答语 —Why do you like P.E.？
 —Because it’s fun.
3.询问某人的句型及答语
 —Who is your science teacher？—My science teacher is Mr Wang.
4.主系表结构——sb.+be动词+形容词I’m really busy！
5. 主系表结构——sth.+be动词+形容词
 It’s difficult，but interesting.Music is relaxing.
6.and连接的并列句Our teacher is very strict and I’m usually very tired after.
练习题
1.She ________(play)_______(a\an\the\\) chess every day.
2.I _______speak\talk\tell\ask)English and watch TV with them.
3.Can you _________(play)________(the\a\an\\)guitar? Yes,___________
4.Can she ______(play)______(the\a\an\\)soccer with _________(he)?
5.Can she play soccer ________? Yes.She is a ________soccer player. A.well  B.good  C.nice  D.fine
6. She is good ___kids.She is good _____teaching.Staying with kids ______(be) good _______her ______(health).  
    A.with  B.at  C.for  D.to
7. Can you help him _________English ? A. with  B.at  C.for
 She ________(play)_______(a\an\the\\) chess every day.
8.I _________(speak\talk\tell\ask)English and watch TV with them.
9.Can you _________(play)________(the\a\an\\)guitar? Yes,___________
10.   Can she __________(play)________(the\a\an\\)soccer with _________(he)?
11.Can she play soccer ________? Yes.She is a ________soccer player. A.well  B.good  C.nice  D.fine
12.She is good ______kids.She is good _______teaching.Staying with kids ______(
13. Can she help him __________(do)___________(one’s) homework.?
14. Can we help them with __________(swim)?
15. Can you sing ________dance?  A.or  B.and  C.as
16.   I can __________ Chinese kung fu.  A.do  B make  C.play
17.   She is a famous _____(music).She ______(listen)to ____(the\a\an\\) music.There ____(be) pieces of music on the radio.
18. She gets up ________7 c’clock.
19. It’s time  _______(for\to\with) him_________(take) a shower.
20.I had a hard time __________(study) English.
21.He gets up at__________(abou\around\only)5 o’clock,and t________he has breakfast.
22. Li Lei,please __________(give)my__________(good)_______(wish) to both of your ______(parent).
23. He is _________(interest) in science.He like the subject.Because it’s_________(interest).
24. After_______(a\an\\)class we usually play volleyball ________for\at\in\on)two hours.
25. I _________(not) like ________(any\some\few)subject.I like_________(play)with my dog.
26.My dog’s job is __________(run) around with me.
27. I often play ________basketball with my classmates.The baby likes playing_________the basketball.   A.with  B.\  C.and  D. the
28.I have no time to watch TV.I am busy_________(with\in\on)my English.My father is busy __________(cook) for me.
29.Lucy and Lily are twins._____________bags are big._______________parents are both busy.
   A.Lucy and Lily’s    B. Lucy’s and Lily’s  
  C. Lucy’s and Lily   D.Lucy and Lily
30. ------Do you know __________?
------Yes.She had his twelfth birthday yesterday.
A. how old she is   B.when did he have his birthday
  C.how many birthdays she had