1、八年级下册Unit8 have you read treasure island yet? 一.重点短语 hurry up 赶快,急忙(做某事);Put down放下,写下;;arrive in/at 到达; finish doing sth. 完成做某事; see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事; lose one's life 失去生命,没命;One...the other... 一个......另一个.....; cut down消减,缩短,砍倒; how long多久;run towards... 冲向......; be full of = be filled wi
2、th 充满;grow up 长大,成长; 二.现在完成时的用法 ① 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 E.g.: I have posted the photos. 我已经把这些照片邮寄了。(邮寄的动作发生在过去,并且已经完成,带来的结果就是这些照片已经不在“我”这里了。) ②表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到现在。 E.g.: They have lived there since 1998. 他们自从1998年以来一直住在这里。(居住的动作从1998年开始,一直持续到现在,且仍有可能持续下去。) 现在完成时的构成及其变化构成。Have/has+ 动词的过
3、去分词。其中have/has为助动词,没有实在的意义,常可以与前面的名词或代词缩写。 Mike has=Mike’s, they have=they’re。构成否定时也可以与其后的not缩写为haven’t和hasn’t。大多数动词为规则动词,其过去分词与过去式相同。部分动词为不规则动词,其过去分词需要不断积累并加以识记。 三. 现在完成时的基本句型: 肯定式:主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词? 否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词 四
4、 现在完成时常用的时间状语: ①副词。如:already(已经), just(刚刚), ever(曾经), never(从未), before(在.....之前) , yet(还,已经) ,recently, lately, since…for…,inthe past few years, so far ,once, twice etc.等。 E.g.: I have already finished my homework. I am free. 我已经完成家庭作业,现在我有空。(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空) I haven’t found the an
5、swer to the question yet.我还没有找到问题的答案。 ② 表示到目前为止的次数。如:once(一次), twice(两次)。 ③表示到目前为止的一段时间,表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态。常与since+过去的时间点,for +一段时间等时间状语连用。如:for two years,since1995。 E.g.: I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已经学了10多年的英语。(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学) I have known him since we were litt
6、le boys. 我们从小就认识。 ④表示包括目前在内的时间。如:so far(到目前为止),in the last few years(在过去的几年里)。 E.g.: He hasn’t talked with me in the past three years. 在过去的三天里他没有和我说话。 I haven’t seen him so far. 到现在为止我还没看见他。 (5). already/ yet的区别: already往往用于肯定句,already也可用于疑问句,表示期望得到肯定的回答或表示惊异,此时already常放在句末,表示强调或加强语气;y
7、et用于否定句和疑问句。 E.g.: He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。 Have you finished already? 你已经完成了?(我以为你没有做完,表示出乎意料。) My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。 Have you written to your parents yet? 【典型例题】 ①--I’ve got the final Harry Potter book. 【2012 广州】 --You will love it. I ______ it twi
8、ce already. A.am reading B.have read C.was reading D.will read ②--Will you go and see the movie Net Mother with me? 【2012山东济宁】 --Thank you. But I _____it already. A.saw B. have seen C. see D.will see ③--Jack, let’s go to see the movie Harry Potter.【2012成都】
9、Oh, I ______ it many times. So I don’t want to see it. A. have seen B. see C. will see ④“Did you borrow the comic book from the library?” 【2013 安顺】 “Yes, I______ it for three days. I’ll return it this afternoon.” A.borrowed B.kept C.have borrowed D.have kept 1
10、 When I first arrived on this island , I had nothing. 当我第一次到这个岛上的时候,我一无所有。 【解析】nothing 没有什么;没有东西 用法:①不定代词,意为“什么也没有,没有东西”。相当于not„anything. E.g.: There is nothing in the fridge. She has nothing to do . ②当有修饰词来修饰nothing等不定代词时,要放在不定代词后面。修饰词可以是形容词、动词不定式等。E.g.: I want something to drin
11、k. I have nothing special to tell you. ③ 在英语中,不定代词有:something;anything;everything;everyone ,everybody;someone;anyone;somebody;anybody;no one;nothing ;nobody。 【典型例题】 ①-- What does Anna look like? 【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】 -- _________. A. She’s kind B. She’s tall C. She likes skating
12、②If you read a lot, your life will be full ___ pleasure.【2013山东莱芜】 A. by B. of C .for D. with ③--Tom, supper is ready. 【2013 北京】 --I don't want to eat _____,Mum. I'm not feeling well. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything ④A smile costs ________, but gi
13、ves so much. 【2013 莱芜】 A. something B. anything C. nothing D .everything 【辨析】 towards / to towards 表示“向着某个方向”,没有“到达”之意 to 一般接在come, go, move 等动词之后,表示“向、往”,有 “到达”之意 【典型例题】 ①---What did you do last night?【2013 娄底】 ---I ______TV and read books. A. watch B. watched C. have
14、 watched ②When I passed the classroom, I heard a girl ___in it.【2012黔东南州】A. sing B. losing C. sang D. singing ③. There is ______ in his home. A. other nothing B. nothing other C. else nothing D. nothing else ④In a basketball match, players move _____ (朝向)one end of th
15、e court while throwing the ball to each other.【2013湖北黄冈】 ⑤. My family has two dogs. One is white, ____ is black.【2013孝感】 A. other B. another C. the other D. others 【拓展】 think of / think about / think over辨析: (1)think of, 固定短语,表示“提到(某人、某物、某事或某主意等),考虑,思考,对„.有某种看法”, 后接名词,代词、动词
16、ing形式。 E.g.: --What do you think of your Chinese teacher? --I like her very much. (2) think of 表示“思考,考虑,对„.有某种看法”时,可以与think about 互换。 E.g.: What do you think of the movie? = What do you think about the movie? (3) think of 表示“相出,想着,想起”时,不可用think about 代替。 E.g.: I always think of my childhood.
17、 (4) think over意为“仔细考虑,认真考虑”,强调思考的程度比think of/ about深。相当于think about„.. carefully. 其中over是副词,宾语若是名词,则可位于over之前或之后;当宾语是代词时,则必须放在over之前。 E.g.: Think it over before you do it. It’s very important for you. You must think it over. 3. would like的固定句型 (1). Would you like some „?你想要一些„„吗? 该句型常用于征求对方的意见。 肯定回答常用“Yes, please.”,否定回答常用“No, thanks.” 需要特别注意的是,在该句型中要用some,而不用any,以表示说话人希望得到肯定回答。 E.g.: ---Would you like some apples?你想要一些苹果吗?---Yes, please. 是的。 ---No, thanks. 不,谢谢。 6






