八下unit2导学案.doc

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.导学案

第1课时Section A 1a-1c

【学习目标】1.重点词汇用法及短语动词用法。
2.学会应用“I could…”、“I hope to…”等句型,向别人提供帮助。
【重点、难点】重点词汇用法及短语动词用法。
一、【自主学习】
㈠回答问题:
1. Do you think volunteering is great?
2. What will you do if you are a volunteer? Please give some examples.
㈡ 翻译下列词组：
1. 打扫________ 2. 分发________________ 3.使高兴；振奋____________
4.sick children 5.at the food bank
6.after-school study program
二、【合作探究】
㈠ 看课本1a, 看图片中你能帮助别人的方式。然后列出其他方式，完成1a。
㈡ 听读说训练：
1. 听一听，填一填，完成1b。
2. 朗读1b,勾画有用的表达法: clean up;；cheer up; give out; at the food bank
3. 练习上面图片中的对话，然后使用1b中的信息编写对话,完成1c。
(三）语言学习
1. You could help to clean up the city parks.
1)help作动词,“帮助”。help sb.to do sth.意为：______________.
如:He often helps me to study English.
2)help作名词，“帮助”。如:______________________. 谢谢你的帮助。
3) clean 可用作形容词，意为“清洁的，干净的”，此外clean 可用作动词，用于以下词组：clean up 打扫清洁或收拾整齐，整理。clean out 打扫某物内部（如：房间，抽屉，箱子等）
clean-up （名词）打扫，清洁。
练一练：It’s time for you to _________________ your bedroom.
I will help you _____________ the school.
Tomorrow is _____day, everyone should try to do some cleaning.
2. sick和ill的用法区别
sick是形容词,"生病的",同义词是ill。区别在于sick在句中可做 语和____ 语,而ill只能做 语。如:His father was /sick yesterday, so he didn't go to work.他的父亲昨天病了,因此他没有去上班。Tom has looked after the sick girl for a week. 汤姆照顾那个生病的小女孩已经一星期了。当ill意为"坏的,恶劣的"时,在句中可做定语。如:He is an ill child.他是一个坏孩子。
三、【达标检测】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Let’s cheer _________ (they)up, ok?
2. I’d like _____________ (visit)my English teacher tomorrow.
3. I’ll feel good about _______ (help)the old people.
4. He _____(spend) every morning _______ (do)some sports.
5. They plan ___________ (buy) a big house.
四、【课后反思】

第2课时Section A 2a-2d

【学习目标】1.重点词汇用法及短语动词用法。
2.could向他人提建议, 动词短语的区别
【重点、难点】could向他人提建议, 动词短语的区别,角色扮演
一、 【自主学习】
（一）翻译下列词组：
1. 想出_______ 2.推迟______ 3.张贴__________________
4. 分发____________ 5.打电话___________ 6.清洁日________________
7.care for ______________ 8.used to______________ 9.help out_____________
（二）自读、小组内互读单词和词组。
二、【合作探究】
（一）听读说训练：
1.一群学生正在策划一个城市公园清洁日。听录音，并勾出他们为告诉人们关于城市清洁日要做的事，完成2a。
2.朗读2b中的句子，再听一遍录音，并填空，完成2b。
3.用2a和2b中的信息编写对话，完成2c。
4.分角色表演对话，勾画出其中的重点短语，完成2d。
（二）语言学习。
1. We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean -up Day.
我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划。
【解析】come up with =think up 想出
【短语】：think about 考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑
【谚语】 Think before you act 三思而后行
( ) ①We need______________(想出) a plan.
( )②My mother came up with a good idea which we all agreed to.
A. thought about B. thought up C. thought hard
2. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.
他们给我讲过去的故事，并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的。
【解析】 (1) use v.使用→useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完
Studying English is__________(use).
(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事
We use Internet __________(find) information.
(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。
①My mother used_________（tell）us story when we were young.
( ) ②He used to ____short and ____ short hair when he was young.
A. have; be B. be; have C. be; be D. have; have
(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
My grandpa is used ___________(live) in country.
(5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth
①Stamps is used ____________(post) letters.
( ) ②My brother used to _____ up late, but now he is used to ___ up early.
A. get ;get B. getting; get C. get; getting D. getting; getting
( ) ③ Keys are used ___ the door.
A. to open B. to opening C. open D. opening
【记】 He used to wear glasses . But now he is used to wearing contact lenses.
他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。
3.Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。
【解析】alone / lonely 辨析：
(1)alone = by oneself adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。
He often walks alone to home .
(2)lonely ①指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；②也可指某个地方是荒凉的
( ) ①The old man lives ___，but he never feels ____.
A. alone ;lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely
( ) ②My little sister is afraid to stay at home alone.
A. quietly B. lonely C. all the time D. by herself
( ) ③ He did the work all by himself.
A. already B. together C. alone D. lonely
三、【达标检测】
从方框中选择恰当的词组，并用其适当形式填空。
clean up, put up, cheer up, set up, come up with, give out ,put off, call up
1. He has a lot of work to do, so he has to _______________going to the doctor.
2. Could you help me _________________ these new books?
3. Don’t worry. I’ll help _________your room.
4. Let’s _______________the sick kids in the hospital.
5. In the end, Grandma ________________ a good idea.
6. Would you please not _______________signs here?
7. We’re going to ______________a food bank to help hungry people.
8. I’ll ________you________ as soon as I come back.
四、 【课后反思】
第3课时Section A 3a-3c

【学习目标】1.重点词汇用法及短语动词用法。
2.理解短文大意，把握细节。
【重点、难点】理解短文大意，把握细节。
一、【自主学习】
（一）翻译下列词组：
1.放弃______ 2.动物医院___________ 3.关心__________________
4.实现__________ 5.at the age of four________________
6.try out for _________ 7.after-school reading program
（二）自读、小组内互读单词和词组。
二、【合作探究】
（一）阅读训练：
1. 读文章。回答下列问题,完成3a&3b。
(1)What do Mario and Mary volunteer to do?
(2)Why do Mario and Mary volunteer to help others?
(3)What do they say about volunteering?
2. 细读文章，完成以下表格。
Who
When
Where
What do they do?
Mario

Mary

3再读文章，勾画出其中的重点短语。
（二）用动词不定式填空，完成3c。
（三）语言学习。
1. Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others. 来自河畔高中的马里奥.格林和玛丽.布朗每周都会花几个小时去帮助别人。
【解析1】give up 放弃
give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事
( ) I find it too difficult to learn English well. I want to drop it.
A. give up it B. give it up C. give away it D. give it away
2.But I want to learn more about how to care for animals.
【解析】care for 照看；照顾； 照料
Many students in our school _______ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses.
A. worry about B. care for C. agree with D. take care
【拓展】care的短语总结
take care =be careful v.当心，小心
take care of =look after v.照顾，照料，照看
take care of 处理，做完
care for v.照顾，照看
3.She could read by herself at the age of four.
她在四岁的时候就能够独自阅读。
【解析】at the age of 在......岁的时候= when sb. was ... years old.
—Do you know Mo Yan?
—Of course, He won the 2012 Nobel Prize four Literature _____ the age of 57.
A. in B. at C. on D. To
4.Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
去年，她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。
【解析】try out 尝试；实验
try v 试图，设法，努力
【拓展】 (1)try on 试穿
(2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】
(3) try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】
(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
①We should __________________(尽最大努力)to be happy in the future.
( ) ② We should try ___ much fruit.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. Eats
三、 【达标检测】
用动词不定式填空，完成3c.
四、【课后反思】

第4课时Section A 4a-4c

【学习目标】1.重点词汇用法及短语动词用法。
2.复习所学过的短语动词。
【重点、难点】复习所学过的短语动词。
一、【自主学习】
（一）翻译下列词组：
1.张贴____ 2.分发______ 3.打电话__________________
4.使振奋___________ 5.想出__________ 6.捐赠 _____________
7.推迟 ______________ 8.闲暇时间________ 9.考虑___________________
10.制定计划11.无家可归的人12.停止做某事
（二）自读、小组内互读单词和词组。
二、【合作探究】
(一）朗读并翻译Grammar Focus 里的句子，注意其中几个短语动词的用法。
（二）用表格中的短语动词填空，完场4a。
（三）用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，完成4b,朗读短文，勾画出其中的重点短语。
（四）语言学习。
1.For example , we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 例如， 我们可以制定一些计划去看望医院生病的孩子们或者无家可归的人们筹钱。
【解析】 home n. 家→homeless adj. 无家可归的
be home to … = be the home of sb. 成为…家园
a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩
We have only one Earth. It's our common _____.
A. family B. house C. home D. room
拓展】由home构成的合成词：
homeland n 祖国 hometown n 家乡 homework 家庭作业
homeless adj. 无家可归的 home-made adj. 自制的
He was born in Italy, but he has made China his ____.
A. family B. address C. house D. home
careless 粗心的 hopeless 没有希望的
helpless 无助的 useless 没有用的
be home to sb. = be the home of sb. 是某人的家
①You should do something to help ________(无家可归的)people.
( ) ② Mr. Li regards Ningxia as his second ___ because he has been here for over twenty years.
A. family B. house C. room D. home
2.Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year to move to another country, like Africa,and help people there.
有些人甚至会停下自己的工作几个月到一年去其他的国家，像非洲，并且帮助那里的人们。
【解析】 stop doing
(1) stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.请停止讲话
(2)stop to do sth. 停下来去做另外一件事 Please stop to talk.请停下来讲话
(3)stop sb. from doing sth. =keep sb from doing sth=prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
(4)can’t stop doing sth. 忍不住做……
( )①Seeing their teacher ____ into the classroom, they stopped _____ at once.
A. walk; telling B. entering; to speak
C. enter; to tell D. walking; talking
( )②—Dad, why must I stop computer games?
—For your health, my boy.
A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing

三、【达标检测】
用你自己的想法完成下面的句子，使用动词不定式，完成4c。
四、【课后反思】

第5课时Section B 1a-1e

【学习目标】1.重点词汇用法及短语动词用法。
2.掌握短语：run out of, take after, fix up, give away的运用及听力技能提高。
【重点、难点】掌握短语：run out of, take after, fix up, give away的运用及听力技能提高。
一自主学习】
㈠ 看课本1a, 翻译下列词组。
1. 用完_____________ 2.长得像_____________ 3. 修理；安装_______________
4.捐赠________________ 5. 与......相似__________________
㈡ 试用以上短语来造句。
如: 1 我已用完我的钱了。_____________________.
2她长得像母亲。_____________________.
3他会修理他的自行车。 _____________________.
4 这个富人把他的钱捐给这些贫穷的孩子。_____
5我的书包与你的相似。________________________.
二、【合作探究】
㈠ 看课本1a, 把意思相近的句子搭配起来，完成1a。
㈡ Pairwork, 把短语动词与名词相搭配，然后用这些短语造句，完成1b。
㈢ 讨论并回答问题:
1. What will you do if your bike is broken or old?
2. Can you repair it by yourself? / Do you have your bike repaired?
㈣ 听一听，填一填，选一选，完成 1c 和 1d.
㈤ 用1c和1d.中的信息，分角色表演吉米与记者之间的对话，完成1e。
㈥语言学习
1. I take after my mother.
导学1. take after 指的是“（在外貌性格方面）与……像”，不管是名词还是代词只能放在其后。look like“长得像,看起来像”，（只指外表）。be like既指性格像也可指外表像。
eg. His son really ____. A. take after him B. take him after C. takes after him D. takes him after
2. I’ve run out of it.

导学2. run out of 意为“用完，用尽”= use up
eg. The woman has run out of all her money, she is poor now.
A. used up B. mixed up C. run off D. run away
3. I give it away.
导学3. give away 表示“捐赠”，如果宾语是代词，必须把代词放在中间,give it/them away.
小结含give的短语：give sb a call; give up; give out; give off发出（光.热.气体）
eg. The rich man has given away all his money to charity.
4. I fix it up.
导学4. fix up意为“修理；修补”。区别fix; mend; repair.
fix: “固定；安装；修理” ；mend“修理；修补” ， 一般指衣服,鞋袜,钟表,自行车,电视机；repair：修理构造较为复杂,损伤较大的机器汽车建筑物.
eg. 1) I have to ______ my MP4. 2) How long did you spend _____ your car?
3) In the past, people always _____ old clothes.
5. I’m similar to her.
导学5. be similar to意为“与……类似”; be the same as“与……完全相同”。
eg. All eggs look similar _____ one another, but not two eggs are the same_____ each other. A. to; to B. as; as C. to; as D. as; to
三、 【达标检测】
词语释义。
（ ）1. She doesn’t have any more of it.
A. takes after B. looks out C. runs out of D. gives away
（ ）2.Have you fixed them up?
A. repair B. repairs C. repairing D. repaired
（ ）3. They take after me.
A. be similar to B. is similar to C. be similar with D. are similar to
（ ）4.Could you put up the pictures on the wall?
A. hang B. take C. give D. bring
（ ）5. Did you think up a good idea?
A. set up B. cheer up C. come up with D. ran out of
（ ）6.We are no longer students. We should find a job.
A. never B. still C. no…any more D. not…any longer
四、【课后反思】

第6课时Section B 2a-2e

【学习目标】1.通过阅读这篇文章, 学会如何向别人表示感谢。
2.学习文章中出现的重点单词,词组和句型。
3.培养学生的阅读能力。
【重点、难点】学会如何向别人表示感谢及掌握文章中出现的重点单词,词组和句型。
一、【自主学习】
（一） 词汇检测：译一译，记一记
1. 感谢________ 2.建立___________ 3.考虑 _______________ 4.接电话________ 5.使振作 ________ 6.be able to do sth.____________
7.because of____ 8.Animal Helpers______ 9.help out_________
（二）回答一下问题：
1. Have you ever seen disabled people? What things can’t they do?
2. Have you ever helped them or come up with other ways to help them?
3. Is it necessary for us to help disabled people?
二、【合作探究】
（一） 阅读文章，回答下列问题，完成2b。
1. What’s “Animal helpers”?
2. What has been difficult for the writer?
3. Who is “Lucky”?What can it do?
4.Who wrote the letter to Miss Li? Why?
5.What did Miss Li do?
（二）细读文章，勾画出以下短语。
1. thank sb for doing sth 2.send sb sth=send sth to sb 3.set up 4.be able to do sth 5.answer the phone 6close the door 7.help sb out 8.six months of training
9. because of 10.at once
（三）用信中的信息，把不同的部分搭配起来组成正确的句子，学会区分简单句的句子成分，完成2d。
（四）和同伴一起讨论这些问题，完成2e。
（五）语言学习。
1. I’ll send you a photo of Lucky.
【解析】(1) a photo of sb. sb.为宾格，“某人的一张照片”，
强调照片上的人就是他/她本人。
(2) a photo of sb’s. sb’s.为名词性物主代词或名词所有格，“某人的一张照片”，强调照片上的人是sb.所拥有的。
( ) One of my friends is a policewoman, this is a photo of .
A. her B. hers C. she D. his
2. I’m sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me.
我肯定你知道这个组织的成立是为了帮助像我这样的残疾人。
【解析1】be sure (that) ...
⑴be sure＋of／about doing sth，“确信……”；“对……有把握”。
但在接名词时，be sure of侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑；
be sure about则侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑。
I'm sure of his honesty．我肯定他是诚实的。
⑵be sure to do sth ，表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断，认为句子主语“必定”、
“必然会”、“准会”如何如何。
It is sure to rain．天一定会下雨。
⑶be sure+宾语从句，表示主句主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断，意为“确信某事一定会……”。
We are sure he will make great progress this term．
我们确信他这学期一定会取得巨大进步
【拓展】make sure表示“弄确实；核实；查证”。
make sure常用于祈使句，后面常接that宾语从句或of介词短语。
Make sure + that从句意为“弄明白；确信”。
Make sure + of + 代词/名词，意思也是“弄明白；确信”。
  — Make sure of his coming before you set off.    — 出发之前要确定他是否来。
  — I make sure (that) he would come.    — 我确信他会来。
【解析2】set up 建立；设立
set up =establish =build建立（v. +adv）
【短语】：set off 出发 set about doing sth 着手去做某事
（ ）①The primary school _____in 1995 with the hope of young people.
A was set up B. was put up C. was found
( ) ②We have ____ some organizations to help the poor students in the western areas of China.
A. taken up B. put up C. picked up D. set up
【解析3】disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 （既可以做表语， 也可以做定语）。
disabled people 残疾人
Though he is _able) , Liu Wei made his dream – to be a pianist come true.
【加前缀dis- 构成的派生词】 dislike 不喜欢 disorder 无秩序
dishonest 不诚实 disappear 消失
3. I was able to bring him home. 我可以把它带回家了。
【解析】 be able to 能够
词条
适用时态
人称和数
例句
be able to
用于各种时态
有人称和数的变化
I will be able to dress more casually.
can
用于现在时或过去时（could）
没有人称和数的变化
I could swim at the age of seven.
=I was able to swim at the age of seven.
Lucy could read story book at the age of four.
A.is able to B.was able to C.should D.would
三、【达标检测】
用单词造句，完成2c。
四、【课后反思】

第7课时Section B 3a