1、初三英语考点归纳Book I 第一讲人教版(朗文)【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容: 考点归纳Book I 第一讲学习过程一. no和not的区别: 1. no作副词时,只用于对一般疑问句的否定回答。 同yes相对,可以独立使用。 Is that an English car? No, it isnt. no还可以作形容词直接修饰名词,相当于not a 或not any. I have no bag. 2. not只能作副词,放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,构成否定。 Im not a worker. This isnt my book. not与is, are, can可构成缩写形式isn
2、t, arent, cant,但am不能。二. fine, good, well 和nice. 1. fine是形容词,常用来表示身体好,天气晴朗。 2. good是形容词,表示人品好,事物好。 3. well作形容词时表示人的身体好,作副词时表示事情做得好。 4. nice形容词,常指取悦于感官的事物,含有感情色彩的好。 (1)How are you? Im fine. (2)Its a fine day today. (3)How nice your hat is! (4)Mary is a nice girl. (5)Its not easy to learn English well.
3、 (6)He is a good teacher. 三. at school与at the school at school “在学校、在上学”,强调的是学生与school的关系。如果主语不是学生,应该说at the school. 指在学校那个地方,而不是在学习。 at desk (在学习/工作)at the desk(在课桌旁) at table(在吃饭)at the table(在桌旁) in hospital(住院)in the hospital(在医院里) (1)Wheres Li Lei? He is at school. (2)My daughter is at school.
4、I am waiting for her at the school. (3)Her grandpa is ill in hospital. He is looking for him in the hospital. 四. Excuse me 与sorry 1. sorry表示做错事、说错话之后表示歉意。 2. Excuse me,用在(1)我们要说的话、要做的事可能引起对方不便或打扰对方时(2)要引起对方的注意。 Excuse me! Are you Mr Smith? Sorry, Im not. 五. All right. Thats all right 和Thats right. 1
5、. All right “行,好吧!”表示同意对方的意见可用OK. 2. Thats all right. “不用谢,没关系”相当于Thats OK. 3. Thats right. “那是对的” (1)Please put your books here. All right. (2)Three plus five is eight. Thats right. (3)Thank you very much. Thats all right. 六. everyone 与every one 1. everyone 是不定代词,相当于everybody 只能指人,“人人、大家”,强调个体,做主语时
6、,谓语动词要用单数形式。 (1)Everyone is here today. 2. every one 不仅指人,也可指物,“每个人、每件事”,后面可接of短语。 Every one of the students is here today. Every one of the trees has many oranges. 七. family 和home 1. family 看作一个整体时,意思是“家庭”,谓语动词be应用is. 如看作家庭成员,应理解为复数,谓语动词be应用are, family tree表示世系图。 (1)His family are all in Tianjin. (
7、2)Tian Taos family is a big family. 2. home指家庭所在的地方,特别是家人日常生活的场所,不指人。 (1)My home is in Beijing. (2)Li Leis home is near school. 八. 名词作主语时的主谓一致 1. 某些集体名词,如:family, group, team等。作主语时,如果作为整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果指该集体中的成员,则谓语动词用复数形式。 (1)My family is a big one. All my family like music. 2. 某些集体名词,如people, polic
8、e等只能作复数看待。 The people there are friendly. 3. 名词所有格之后的名词被省略,这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等,作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。 The doctors is over there. 诊所在那边。 4. 当名词词组的中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间等复数名词时,看做一个整概念、谓语动词用单数形式。 Twenty years is a long time. 5. 有些名词如clothes, glasses等只有复数形式,其谓语动词用复数形式。 Your clothes are dirty. 6. 某些单复数相同的名词,如:Chinese,
9、 Japanese, sheep, deer等表示复数概念时,谓语动词用复数,表示单数概念时,谓语动词用单数。 Are there any deer in the zoo? Im a Chinese. 九. light 和dark 1. 在指颜色时,他们是互为反义词的形容词,light浅的,dark深的。 light blue、dark blue 2. light“明亮的”,dark“黑暗的” a light room、a dark room 3. light作形容词当“轻”的,反义词heavy“重的” a light boxa heavy box 4. light作名词“灯”,也可作“光线”
10、讲。 (1)There are some lights in the room. (2)There is no light in that room in the afternoon. 十. it用法小结: 1. 用来代替指示代词this、that. Whats this? Its a pen. Is that an English book? No, its a Chinese book. 2. 起指示代词的作用,指一个人或事物。 Who is there? Its Mr. Green. 3. 指时间、天气、距离等。 What time is it? Its 8 oclock. Its a
11、fine today. How far is it? Its five kilometres. 【模拟试题】(答题时间:80分钟)I. 单项填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。(每小题1分) 1. Would you like a drink? Oh, yes, please. Id love . A. one B. it C. any D. something 2. Excuse me,Mr King. Youd better not smoke here. Look at the sign! Sorry,I it. A. dont see B. didnt see
12、C. hadnt seen D. wont see 3. Who is he?Is he our new teacher? Im sorry. I dont know and he is. A. who;what B. who;how C. how;what D. where;how 4. Hes quite maths,but he never drops it. A. good at B. weak in C. interested in D. tired of 5. Computers are so useful. They can do almost everything! Yes.
13、But they what to do. A. must be told B. will tell C. has to be known D. will know 6. Are you sure our team will beat theirs? Of course. We have players. A. many B. more C. strong D. better 7. Mr Scott_ be in the office. The light is still on. No,he_ be. I saw him drive out with his wife just now. A.
14、 may;mustnt B. must;mustnt C. can;cant D. must;cant 8. Did spend the summer holiday in Qingdao? Yes. Havent you seen their photos taken at the beach? A. Green B. the Green C. Greens D. the Greens 9. Its really of you to give us so much help. A. kind B. helpful C. wonderful D. useful 10. Welcome to H
15、angzhou,Mr Brown. Its the first time you visit this city, ? A. isnt it B. hasnt it C. do you D. will you 11. How do you feel living in the country,Mike? Very nice. Its quite different from in the city. A. which B. that C. it D. one 12. Youd better go to the train station by bus. The train in half an
16、 hour. A. left B. would leave C. is leaving D. has left 13. Jim ,get up!Its already 9:00 in the morning. Really?I too much. A. slept B. am sleeping C. have slept D. sleep 14. The passage is quite hard to understand,isnt it? Yes, its very short and there are no new words in it. A. so B. and C. though
17、 D. because 15. Whats wrong with your TV set? The picture come out. A. doesnt B. wont C. hasnt D. cantII. 完形填空先阅读短文,掌握其大意,然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应的空白处的最佳答案。O. Henry was a pen name used by an American writer of short stories. His 1 name was William Sydney Porter. He was born in North Carolina in
18、 1862. 2 a young boy he lived a poor life. He did not go to school for very long, 3 he managed to teach 4 everything he needed to know. When he was about 20 years old, O. Henry went to Texas. He 5 different jobs there. He first worked for a newspaper, and then he had a 6 in a bank. When some money w
19、ent 7 from the bank, O. Henry was 8 to have stolen it. Because of 9 , he was sent to prison. During the three years in prison,he learnt to write 10 . After he got out of prison , he went to New York and went on 11 . He wrote 12 about New York and the 13 of the poor there. People liked his stories, 1
20、4 though the stories were simple, they would 15 with a sudden change at the end, to the readers surprise. 1. A. first B. last C. family D. real 2. A. Like B. As C. For D. Since 3. A. but B. and C. or D. not 4. A. one B. him C. himself D. someone 5. A. looked for B. lost C. tried D. missed 6. A. clas
21、smate B. friend C. work D. job 7. A. away B. missing C. back D. out 8. A. said B. told C. talked about D. asked 9. A. that B. this C. those D. these 10. A. letters B. messages C. short stories D. music 11. A. studying B. learning C. reading D. writing 12. A. nearly B. certainly C. hardly D. mostly 1
22、3. A. people B. life C. person D. live 14. A. because B. because of C. so D. so that 15. A. begin B. finish C. do D. make III. 阅读理解 A)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。(A)You have heard of Webster Toys. Webster have made good,safe,interesting toys for more than a hundred years. Now, we sell them
23、 and children play with them in countries from New Zealand to Norway and from Japan to Brazil. We are looking for someone to sell our toys in the Far East. He or she should be between the ages of thirty and forty. He should already have some years of selling experience in world markets. He should sp
24、eak English well,and at least one other Far Eastern language. The person we are looking for would live in Singapore and work in one office there,but he must travel for up to six months a year, He should know the Far East quite well. He should know how to sell in established(已建成的)markets and where to
25、 find new ones. He should understand money and make more than ever before, for himself and for Webster Toys. Webster wants someone who can stand on his own feet. If you think you are the person we are looking for,write to Mr. J. Sloman at our Head Office.1. Webster are looking for a person to sell t
26、oys . A. in New Zealand B. in Norway C. in Brazil D. in the Far East 2. The person Webster are looking for should be .A. thirty years of age B. forty years of age C. between thirty and forty years of age D. less than thirty years of age 3. “He should already have some years of selling experience in
27、world markets” means “_.”A. he has already sold things in different parts of the world for some years B. he has sold toys for some years C. he has sold toys all over the world for some years D. he has already sold things for some years4. The person Webster are looking for should speak . A. good Engl
28、ish and any one other language B. good English and a Far Eastern language C. good English or any other language D. good English or any other foreign language (B)For many years, Hawaii has been a magic name to people who like to travel. People, both in Japan and in America,dream of seeing this beauti
29、ful island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean(太平洋).Their dreams always include the sunset over the ocean. The sun drops like a ball of golden fire into the sea, and it drops so quickly that you can almost see it move. The sun leaves behind a glow(霞光)that lights the skies and shines in the quiet wate
30、r.People often have a quiet, peaceful time while walking along the beach. The first strangers to these islands centuries ago were Polynesian(波利尼西亚)people who came from Tahiti in canoes. Now no matter where the people come from, they really want to see the original(原始的)beauty of Hawaii. They want to
31、see the lovely beaches and the mountain called Diamond Head which is almost hidden by the tall hotels. 5. Hawaii is a name . A. given by people who like to travel B. attracting a lot of travelers C. with a magic story behind it D. liked by both Japanese and American 6. On these beautiful islands eve
32、ry traveler will not want to miss . A. to swim in the quiet water B. to see the tall hotels C. to walk along the beach D. to see the sunset 7. The best title of this passage is . A. Islands B. Hawaii,a Magic Name C. Traveling in Hawaii D. The Magic Beauty (C)New York city is a very large city with 8
33、 million people. How do so many people move about New York on their way to work and school?In New York you can travel about the city by subway,bus,taxi and private(私人的) car. The subway runs on the railroad lines under the city. It crosses the city at different points and goes to all parts of the cit
34、y. Traveling by subway is the fastest way to get around the city. The second way to travel about the city is by public bus. It is a slower way to travel. This is because the bus moves in road traffic which is often heavy. You can also travel around the city by taxi. This is very expensive, but the t
35、axi will take you to the very place you wish to go to. If traffic is heavy, the taxi will be slow. During the mornings and afternoons,there is the “rush hour.” This is the time when the traffic is very heavy with people going to and from work. The last way to get around New York city is using your o
36、wn private car. It is inconvenient(不方便)since you will perhaps be driving in the “rush hour.” If there is an accident on the road,you will have to wait in traffic for a long time. The best time to travel around the city is from 9a.m. to 4p.m. This is the time after the morning rush hour and before th
37、e evening rush hour. Traffic will be less crowded during this time since most people are already at school or at work by that time. 8. How m any ways of traveling about the city are mentioned(提及)in the passage? A. Two B. ThreeC. FourD. Five. 9. In the second paragraph(段落)the word“subway”in Chinese m
38、eans “ .” A. 地铁B.电车C. 火车D.缆车 10. The fastest way to travel in New York city is . A. by public bus B. by subway C. by taxi D. by private car 11. From the last paragraph we know that in New York city .A. there is no“rush hour”from 9 a.m .to 4p.m . B. traffic is heavy at noon C. most Americans have lun
39、ch at home D. people go to work and school at 9:00 (D)Everybody in Britain talks about the weather. Its the most common subject of conversation. “Isnt it a nice day?” “Do you think it will rain?” “I think its going to be windy.” These are common ways of starting a conversation.Many people think they
40、 can tell what the weather is going to be like. But they hardly ever agree with each other. One man may say, “Do you see how cloudy it is in the east?Its going to rain tomorrow.” Another man will say, “Yes,its cloudy in the east. But I think we are going to have fine weather tomorrow.”People often l
41、ook for the weather they want. When a farmer needs water,he looks for something to tell him its going to rain. He wont believe anything else. When some friends have a picnic, theyre so sure the weather is going to clear up very quickly that they sit down and eat their lunch while it rains.Almost eve
42、ryone listens to what the weatherman says. But he doesnt always tell us what we want,and once in a while he makes a mistake. Still, he usually comes closer to being correct than anyone else. 12. We usually when we start a conversation with our friends in Britain. A. say hello to them B. ask them to
43、sit downC. pass them some drinks D. talk about the weather 13. When you say“Isnt it a nice day?”you mean that .A. you think its a fine day B. you have no idea about the weather C. you want to know if it is a fine day D. you dont think it is a fine day 14. Why do many people hardly ever agree with ea
44、ch other when they talk about the weather? A. The weather changes very quickly. B. They dont listen to the weatherman. C. Nobody can tell what the weather is going to be like. D. Each of them looks for the weather he wants. 15. The writer thinks the weatherman_. A. always makes mistakes B. makes fewer mistakes than anyone elseC. never makes a mistake D. tells us the weather we hope for B)阅读下面短文,然后根据短文内容回答问题Sydney is a young city. Its history goes back just over 200 years. But in Australia,it is the oldest city. It is also the countr
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