八年级英语上学期词语解释与延伸Unit3 人教新目标版.doc

八年级上学期英语词语解释与延伸(Unit3)
Section A
1.babysit v 临时照顾 babysit–babysitting - babysits –babysat
babysit=look after
(1) –What’s she doing for vacation? -She’s babysitting her sister.
假期她打算干什么？ 她打算照看她妹妹。
babysit 用现在进行时表示将来发生的动作。 向这样的词还有come go leave start stay arrive visit do fly plan etc.
(2) What are you doing for vacation? I’m leaving for Macao next week.
你假期打算干什么？ 我打算下周动身去奥门。
（3）How long is he staying in Shanghai? He’s staying there for two days.
他将在上海呆多久啊？ 呆两天。
（4）What’re your parents doing next week? They’re visiting my grandparents.
2. camp v 宿营 露宿 go camping 去宿营 sports camp 运动野营
(1) What are his parents doing for vacation?-They’re going sports camp.
他的父母打算假期干什么？ 他们将去运动野营。
（2）-Where are you going this Sunday? –I’m going to Qianshan
- What are you doing there? – I’m going camping.
这个星期天你打算去哪儿？ 我打算去千山。 你去那干什么？ 我去野营。
3. plan n v 计划 规划 方案
n 计划 方案 (1)Can you tell me your vacation plans? 你能告诉我你的假期计划吗？（2）What a good plan it is!多好的计划呀！
v. 计划 * plan to do sth.计划做某事
(3) He plans to buy a T-shirt for his father.他计划给他父亲买一件T恤衫。
（4）Tony is planning to visit his friends in Beijing.托尼计划看望他北京的朋友。
4． Tibet 西藏 (1)I’m going to Tibet for a week.我打算去西藏呆一周。
（2）Mr. Green is leaving for Tibet next month.格林先生打算下个月去西藏。
5． hike v 徒步旅行 远足 go hiking 去远足
（1）Children plan to go hiking next Sunday. 孩子计划下周去远足。
（2）-What’s the girl doing for vacation ? – She ‘s going hiking in the mountains..
这个女孩假期打算做什么？ 她打算去山上远足。
6．Hong Kong 香港 San Francisco 旧金山（美国加利福尼亚州西部港市） Hawaii （美国）夏威夷
(1) –What’s Jim doing for vacation? –He’s visiting his pen pal in Hong Kong.
吉姆假期打算干什么？ 他打算去香港看望他的笔友。
（2）San Francisco is a good place to visit . 旧金山是参观的好地方。
（3）Surfing is one of the world’s most popular water spouts .It first started on the islands of Hawaii.
冲浪是世界上最受欢迎的水上运动之一。它早起源于夏威夷岛。
（4）Hawaii is famous for its beautiful beaches. 夏威夷岛以它美丽的海滩而著称。
7.away adv 向远处， 离开 be away 离开 be away from 离开………………是leave的延续性动词。
（1）表示距离 His house is ten kilometers away from school.他家离学校十公里远。
（2）-How long were you away from school last year? – For less than two weeks.
去年你多久不在学校？ 不到两周。
8．get back 拿回 取回 返回get back from 从…拿回
（1） When did his father get back to Shanghai ? Last month.他父亲是什么时候返回上海的？上 月
（2）When did Hong Kong get to China ? In 1997. 香港是何时回归祖国的？是1997 年。

（3）I’ll get back my bat from Tom’s house this afternoon.
今天下午我将去汤姆家拿回我的球拍。
9. send v 送， 寄， 派遗——sent(过去式)
* send sb. sh. 送给某人某物 (1) His friend often sends him e-mails on the Internet.他的朋友在网上常给他发电子邮件。 （2）I’ll send a gift to her on the thirteenth birthday. 在她的第十三个生日将送给她一个礼物。
* send sb. to sp. = take sb. to sp. 送某人去某地
（3）The boys sent the man on the motorbike to the hospital yesterday.
昨天这几个男孩把骑摩托车的人送到了医院。
* send for 某人去请
(4) One day his mother was ill in bed , so she sent for a doctor..一天他的母亲卧病在床，所以他派人去请了医生。
* send up 发射 (4)When did China send up its first man –made satellite ? 中国是什么时候发射第一颗人造卫星的？
10. bike n 自行车 by bike take a bike 骑自行车 by bike 是方式状语，而take a bike 是动宾词语 by bus take a bus 乘汽车 by train take a train 乘火车
by air = by plane 乘飞机 go to … by bike = take a bike to … = ride to 骑自行车去……
go to …by train= take a train to go to …on a train 乘火车去……
go to … by air = go to …by plane = fly to ……乘飞机去……go bike riding 骑自行车旅行(1) How do you usually come to school ? I usually come by bike .
你通常怎样到校？ 我通常骑自行车。
（2）His father takes a train to work every day .= His father goes to work by train every day .
=His father goes to work on the train every day. 他父亲每天乘火车去上班。
（3）Mr.. Smith went to Hong Kong by air .= Mr. Smith went to Hong Kong by plane.
=Mr. Smith flew to Hong Kong. 史密斯先生是乘飞机去香港的。
Section B
11. sightseeing n 观光， 游览 go sightseeing 去观光
(1) How about your sightseeing in Hong Kong ？你的香港之旅怎么样？
(2) What’s he doing for vacation ? He’s going sightseeing and bike riding.
他假期打算做什么？ 他打算去观光和骑自行车旅行。
12.rent v 租用，出租 - rented * rent sth. from sb. 向某人租借某物* rent ….to …把…租借给……..
rent …… for sb. 替某人租给…….
(1) They rented a house from Mr, Smith 他们向史密斯先生租了一间房。
(2) She rented a flat to the students. 她把公寓租给了学生。
(3) I rented a room for my friend. 我替我的朋友租了一间房。
13.famous adj 著名的， 出名的 be famous for 某人以某种知识技能或特征出名 或以某种特产而出名 be famous as 某人以某种身分出名或以什么样的产地或地方而出名
(1) Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity .爱因斯坦以他的相对论而闻名。
（2The area is famous for its green tea, 这个地区以绿茶而出名。
（3）He is famous as a great scientist. 他以一位伟大的科学家劳动者著称。
（4）The area is famous as a green tea producing place. 这个地区是产绿茶的地区。
14.take a vacation 度假
(1) Xiao Ming is taking a vacation with his parents in Dalian next year..明年小明将和他的父母去大连度假。= Xiao Ming’ ll spend his holiday in Dalian next year.
(2) What are you doing for vacation? –I’m taking a vacation .假期你打算干什么？ 我打算度假。
15．Greece 希腊 Spain 西班牙 Europe 欧州
(1) Mr, Miller is leaving for Europe tomorrow.。明天米勒将动身去欧州。
（2）All the boys are going to Spain for vacation. 所有男孩打算去西班牙度假。
（3）He thought about going to Greece or Spain .他考虑是去希借还是西班牙。
（4）What’s Spain like ? = How’s Spain ? 西班牙怎么样？
16. lake 湖 near the lake by the lake in the lake the Great Lakes
在湖附近 在湖边 在湖里 五大湖
（1） Children are playing by the lake .孩子在湖边玩耍。
（2） The Great Lakes are famous ,so people like going sightseeing there .五大湖很著名的，所以人们喜欢去那里观光。
17.countryside n 农村 乡村 in the countryside 在乡下
（1）His uncle likes living in the countryside. 他叔叔喜欢住在乡下。
（2）Living in the countryside is more interesting than living in the city.住在乡下比住在城市有思。
18.nature n大自然 自然界 keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡
(1) I love nature because it’s very beautiful. 我喜欢大自然因为它很美丽。
（2）It’s important for us to keep the balance of the nature. 对我们来说保持生态平衡是重要的。
19. forget v 忘记- forgot –forgetting 反义词 remember
* forget to do sth, 忘记要做的事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过的事
（1）I forget to turn off the light when I left the room.我离开房间时我忘了关灯了。
（2）-I went to the movies last night. What about you ? –I didn’t go because I didn’t forget seeing it
我昨晚去看电影了。你呢？ 我没去因为我记得我看过。
20.finish v 完成 finish doing sth. 做完某事
(1) I finished playing baseball, then I went to see the movies.我打完棒球，然后我去看了电影。
（2）He left the classroom after he finished the cleaning it.
他扫完教室后离开了教室
21.tourist n 游客， 旅行者
（1）Many tourist come to Hainan every year 许多游客每年去海南。
（2）What should tourists take with them？ 游客应随身携带什么？