西方文化导论.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Revision,Unit Unit 1,Multiple choice:,(1)_ is the major foundation in the Western culture and makes a powerful impact on the development of human civilization.,A.Ancient European culture,B.Ancient Greek culture,C.Ancient Chinese culture,D.Ancient Egyptian culture,A.the Neolithic Age,B.the Bronze Age,C.the Stone and Bronze Age,D.the Old Stone Age,(2)Greek culture can date back to_.,A.farming,B.handicraft and trade,C.religion,D.philosophy,(3)Mycenaean culture was influenced the most by Cretan culture on _.,A.the Heroic Age,B.the Golden Age,C.the Cretan Civilization,D.,the Mycenaean Civilization,(4)The Trojan War broke out at the end of _.,A.archaic,B.central,C.dependent,D.dark,Tex Study,(5)The first Olympiad began in the _ period of the Golden Age.,(6)_ established the Academy-the first Greek institution of higher learning.,A.Plato,B.Socrates,C.Aristotle,D.Heraclitus,B.Byzantium,C.Pax Romana,D.Seven Hill Ally,Unit 2,A.Roman Republic,Ancient Roman culture is the culture from the formation of _ to the end of the Roman Empire,which had lasted about 1200 years throughout.,A.Octavian and Caesar,B.Caesar and Remus,D.Romulus and Octavian,C.Romulus and Remus,(2),_,were the twins,the founders of Rome in the history.,A.Caesar,C.Remus,D.Pompey,B.Octavian,(3),_was the first emperor in Roman Empire from 27 BC to 14 AD.,(P.32-33),A.Julius Caesar,Mark Antony,Sulla,B.Pompey,Crassus,Cleopatra,D.Octavian,Brutus,Marius,C.Pompey,Crassus,Julius Caesar,(4)The First Triumvirate consisted of _.,前三头同盟（,The First Triumvirate,）指公元前,60,年，由庞培、克拉苏和凯撒组成的政治联盟，相对于屋大维、马克,安东尼和雷必达组成的后三头同盟。,(P.31-32),A.Greek,B.Sicily,C.Spain,D.Carthage,(5)Punic wars are a series of wars between Rome and _.,ThePunic Warswere a series of threewarsfought between Rome and Carthage from 264 BC to 146 BC.,公元前,264,前,146,年古代罗马与迦太基之间的,3,次战争。罗马人称迦太基人为“布匿”，故名。第一、二次布匿战争是作战双方为争夺西部地中海霸权而进行的扩张战争，第三次布匿战争则是罗马以强凌弱的侵略战争。,Unit 3,(1)The Babylonian Captivity refers to the captivation and imprisonment of the Jews by Nebuchadnezzar II,in _.,A.586 BC,B.450 BC,C.330 BC,D.586,In history,Israelite monarchy prospered with the three kings,Saul,_.,A.David and Solomon,B.Moses and David,C.Jacob and David,D.Jacob and Solomon,_ won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1978.,A.Pulitzer Joseph,B.Saul Bellow,C.Singer,D.Hemingway,The ancestor of the Jews is _.,A.Greek,B.Germanic,C.Hebrew,D.Roman,Text Study _IV3.1,Unit 4,Multiple choice.,(1)_,the Christian Church was divided into the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church.,A.In 1054,B.In 1054 BC,C.In 1055,D.In 380,A.St.Peter,B.Saint Leo I,C.Martin Luther,D.John Calvin,Text Study _IV_3.2,(2)In 451 AD,the archbishop of Roman Church,_,made himself Pope.,A.Lutheran Church,B.Anglicanism,C.Presbyterian,D.Free Churches,(3)The largest and earliest of non-Roman Catholic Groups in the West is _.,Text Study _6_5,Unit 5,True or false questions.,(1)Since the medieval culture retarded during almost 1000 years development,this period never enhanced Western human civilization in history.,(2)The division of the Frank Empire into three parts after Charlemagnes death signified the weakening of the centralized system.,(3)The spirit of the Goths formed one part of the central features of the Christian Trinity.,(4)The hierarchical levels of the priesthood during Medieval Ages begin with the Pope as supreme leader,followed by cardinals,archbishops,bishops and the parish priest.,F,_,T,_,T,_,T,_,Text Study _6_5,(5)In medieval society,God permanently served as an image of severity and solemnity,without change until the renaissance.,F,_,Unit 6,(1),The bourgeoisie was a result of,_,production in terms of wage-payment and profit.,A.mass,B.agricultural,C.industrial,D.commercial,A.transitional,B.last,C.initial,D.preparatory,(2),The Renaissance was the,_,stage of the Middle Ages before the modern epoch.,A.Berlin,B.Rome,C.Bologna,D.Oxford,(3),The earliest university in Europe was the one established in _.,A.14th century,B.13th century,C.12th century,D.11th century,(4),The medieval civilization met its climax during the,_.,A.The break-up of feudal structures.,B.The emergence of national monarchies.,C.The rise of folk culture and popular literature.,D.The revival of religious beliefs.,(5),Which of the following is not the inspiration for the Renaissance?,(6),The Renaissance made its first appearance in the city of _.,A.Venice,B.Paris,C.Florence,D.London,(7),The core idea of the Renaissance was _.,A.rationalism,B.realism,C.humanism,D.classicism,(8),The most important reason for the emergence of the Renaissance in Italy is _.,A.Italys prosperous trade,B.the variety of urban social life,C.the use of Latin as a common language,D.that the newly emerging capitalists sought to oppose feudal and divine dominance of society,(9),The major boost of Humanism is _.,A.the fall of Constantinople,B.the prosperity of the city of Florence,C.the prosperous trade and production of handicraft,D.the rich variety of urban social life,A.Literature should represent the feelings of ordinary humans.,B.Science should produce benefits for mankind.,C.Education should develop divine spirit and classical culture.,D.Man should become central in everything.,(10),Which of the following is not the major principle of humanism?,Which of the following philosophers first put forward the idea,of the division of power?,David Hume.,B.John Locke.,C.George BerkeleyD.Voltaire.,Unit 7,(2)The French,Declaration of Human Rights,and the American,Declaration of Independence,owed much of their sources and inspiration to _,Spirit of Law,s(1748),.,A.Montesquieus,B.Voltaires,C.Rousseaus,D.Diderots,(3),Montesquieus theory of the division of power divides the political authority into_.,legislative,administrative and judicial powers,B.legislative,executive and judicial powers,C.legislative,executive and electoral powers,D.legislative,executive and law enforcement powers,(4)Rousseau is famous for his idea of _.,the divine right of the king,B.the social contract,C.the divine right of the human beings,D.empiricism,(5)The Enlightenment is not opposed to_.,A.superstition,B.feudalism,C.rationalism,D.absolutism,A.Wordsworth,B.Coleridge,D.Byron,C.Rousseau,(1)Romanticism first began in the ideas of,_.,Unit 8,Wordsworth and Southey,B.Coleridge and Southey,D.Southey and Blake,C.Wordsworth and Coleridge,(2),English Romanticism is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of,Lyrical Ballads,by,_.,A.,Faust,and,The Robber,C.Dr.,Faustus,and,The Sorrows of Young Werther,D.,Faust,and,The Divine Comedy,B.,Faust,and,The Sorrows of Yong Werther,(3),The most famous German romantic writer is Goethe whose representative works include,_.,Baron Antoine Gros,B.Theodore Gericault,C.P.O.Runge,D.Eugene Delacroix,(4),With the works of,Freedom Leads the People,and,Dante and,Virgil in the Hell,was named as the greatest French,Romantic painter.,A.,Ode to Nightingale.,B.,Ode on Melancholy.,D.,Ode on Indolence.,C.,Ode to the West Wind.,(5),Which of the following is not the ode written by John Keats?,A.the Conservative Party,B.the Liberal Party,D.the Tories,Multiple choice:,C.the Whig Party,1.The parliamentary reform of 1832 in England enabled _ to come to power on behalf of the interests of the bourgeoisie.,Unit 9,B.the achievement of the greatest happiness of the minority of people,C.the achievement of the greatest happiness of the elite,D.the achievement of the greatest happiness of the laboring classes,A.the achievement of the greatest happiness of the greatest number of people,2.,Jeremy Benthams utilitarianism is founded on two principles:the psychological principle of the association of ideas and,_.,A.Robert Owen,C.David Hume,D.Kant,B.John Stuart Mill,3.Utilitarianism is established by Jeremy Bentham and perfected by,_.,B.political,natural and moral,C.natural,religious and moral,D.natural,religious and political,A.political,religious and moral,4.According to Jeremy Bentham,both right and obligation should come from law and they both have three aspects:,_,.,A.Utilitarianism means the doctrine for achieving the greatest happiness,B.Utilitarianism includes not only the pursuit of happiness,but also the avoidance of pain,C.Utility could differ by degree and in quantity,D.Utility is different in quality and happiness could be classified by advantages,5.The difference between Bentham and Mill on utilitarianism is:,_.,The earliest utopian doctrine came from Meyers book,Utopia,.,Utopian socialism started from mechanical materialism and had theoretical significance in the formation of Marxism.,The utopian representatives held that socialism and communism both had a rational basis.,The utopian socialist thinkers shared a similar view to change the society by violent means.,One of the limitations of utopian socialism is that it emphasized the anticipated change in man,denied the need for the class struggle and regarded their version of socialism as non-political socialism.,True or false questions:,1.,2.,3.,4.,5.,T,_,F,_,F,_,T,_,T,Text Study _III_3.1,Unit 10,(1),Ezra Pound is the leading spokesman of the _.,A.Imagist Movement,B.Chartist Movement,C.Modernist Movement,D.Romantic Movement,(2),Which of the following American novels can be regarded as typically belonging to the school of literary modernism?,A.Uncle Toms Cabin.,BThe Sound and the Fury.,C.Daisy Miller.,D.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.,(3),James Joyce and Virginia Woolf are usually associated with _.,A.the Imagist Movement,B.the Feminist Movement,C.the Stream of Consciousness technique,D.Futurism,(4),Which of the following is not true about modernist techniques of expression?,A.Preference for the symbolic.,B.Fascination with the absurd.,C.Disillusionment with the traditional.,D.Representation of the outward reality.,(5),Ernest Hemingways early works like,The Sun Also Rises,were full of the existential disillusionment of Americas,.,A.Beat Generation,B.Lost Generation,C.Fail Generation,D.Angry Generation,Unit 11,Multiple choice.,Marxism was founded by Marx and Engels with the publication of,The Communist Manifesto,in _.,A.1840,B.1848,C.1888,D.1832,A.Herbert Spencer,B.Charles Darwin,C.Edmund Spencer,D.Karl Marx,(2),The major advocate of Social Darwinism is _.,A.libido,ego and id,B.id,ego and superego,C.libido,id and superego,D.id,superego and libido,Text Study,(3),In his theory,Freud introduced the three concepts of _ to explain the three levels of personality development of the human beings.,A.The highest form of instinctive power was intellect.,B.Intuition could manipulate experience,but intellect distorted experiences.,C.Intellect was theoretical and viewed the world in a geometrical way.,D.The objective world was merely spatial,not temporal.,(4),According to Bergson,which of the following statements on,intuition and intellect is wrongA.The Theatre of the Absurd.,B.Black Humor.,C.The Beat Generation.,D.Stream of Consciousness.,(5),Which of the following modernist literary schools is not,influenced by Jean-Paul Sartres Existentialism?,Comprehension Exercises,1.Cinema has greatly changed the ways of living in the West since its invention by Thomas Edison in 1894.,2.Hollywood consolidated and expanded its position by producing more popular films after the 1970s,which was called its“Golden Age”.,3.The role of TV is an important link between the individual,and the public or social side of life.,4.The major four Western agencies are:Associated Press,BBC,Reuters and Press de France Nouvelle.,5.Jazz was initially influenced by two kinds of Negro music:ragtime and blues.,T,_,F,_,T,_,F,_,T,_,Unit 12,Comprehension Exercises,(1),Impressionism got its name from _famous painting,Impression:Sunrise,.,Pissarros,B.Monets,C.van GoghsD.Paul Gauguins,Multiple choice.,2._is called“the father of the modern painting”.,A.Paul Gauguin,B.Paul Cezanne,C.van Gogh,D.Degas,Text Study,3._refers to a kind of usually avant-garde or conceptual art as early as in the 1960s,which often challenges the audience to think in new and unconventional ways.,Performance art,B.Impressionism,C.Photo-realism,D.Futurism,4.Which of the following artists does not belong to the school of Impressionism in painting?,Manet.,B.Monet.,C.Cezanne.,D.Piccasso.,5.Who initiated the ideals of the expressionist movement in modern music?,Arnold Schoenberg.,B.Igor Stravinsky.,C.Claude Debussy.,D.Paul Hindemith.,