th语法专题--名词性从句.doc

语法专题 名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)
1.概念
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
2. 种类
1) 主语从句: 主语从句 + 谓语动词+ 其他
2) 表语从句: 主语 + 系动词+ 表语从句
3) 宾语从句: 及物动词 /介词+ 宾语从句
4) 同位语从句: 名词 /代词+ 同位语从句
3. 名从引导词分类及作用:
名词性从句的引导词
作用
连接词
 that, whether/if（是否）

不作成分只起连接作用
连接代词
 what(ever) ，who(ever)，
whom(ever) ， whichever) whose
作主、宾、表、
定语
连接副词
 when(ever), where(ver), why, how,
作状语

例句展示
◆That they will win the game is certain. →It is certain that they will win the game.
◆Whether the task can be finished on time is still unknown.
→It is still unknown whether the task can be finished on time.
◆Why he didn’t come here is not clear to anyone.
→It is not clear to anyone why he didn’t come here.
◆Whoever breaks the law should be punished.
◆What he said at the meeting is important.

例句展示
★Can you tell me when and how I can get to the city?
★I don’t understand what he means.
★I am not sure whether he would help me.
★He said that he had visited his former English teacher several times.

例句展示
◆It is still a question whether the bridge can be completed next month.
◆When she heard the news that the earthquake happened in her hometown, she lost consciousness.
◆They have no idea whether they should go on with the search.
◆The question who can go to the meeting hasn’t been decided.
名从考点：
1. what和that
_____he can’t finish the work on time is ____makes us worry. (KEY:That，what)
注：what在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
that只起连接作用, 在从句中不作任何成分。
2. 名词性从句中的谓语语气问题
1) I advise that he __ (stay) and wait here．
2) It is advised that we __________ (hold) another meeting to discuss the question.
3) My advice is that the injured man ________ (send) to hospital at once．
KEY 1) (should) stay 2) (should) hold 3) (should) be sent
注：表“建议、命令、要求、安排”等词其后的名词性从句要用虚拟语气：（should）+动词原形。此类词有：advise/suggest/propose/ recommend/insist/order/command/demand / require/ request等等。
3. that的省略与保留
1) _______ they would take the risk is clear.
2) The reason is ______ he is careless.
3) I don’t think _______ she is coming.
4) We all knew ______ he got the first prize and _____ he was very excited.
5).We must make it clear ______ we mean what we say.
KEY 1)That 2)that 3) (that) 4) (that), that 5)that
注：可省： 单个的宾语从句中
不可省：主从，表从中；并列宾语从句中, 第2个宾语从句中的that不省；
在it作形式主/宾语的句型中。
4. which, what
1) I can’t imagine _______ made him act like that.
2) ______ he wants is a book.
3) I read about it in this book or that book, I can’t remember ______ it was.
4) Would you mind telling me ______ language your friend speaks, English or French?
KEY 1) what 2) What 3) which 4) which
注： what 什么, 泛指；which哪个, 一般有选择范围。

EX1 语法填空
1. The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
2. Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?
3. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.
4. News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
5. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
6. was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
7. When asked they loved most, 90% of the kids turned it to their parents.
8. The little girl who got lost decided to remain she was and wait for her mother.

EX2 完成句子
1. 大家都公认，树木对于环保是很必要的。(It is universally acknowledged that...)
are indispensable to __________________
2. 据报道，洪水让两千多人无家可归。(It is reported that..., leave...homeless)
_____________________________________________________________________
3. 十分之九的父母都说他们教育孩子的方式与他们自己的父母比起来有很大的差异。(there were significant differences in their approach to sth., compared with)

4. 他昨天上学迟到，因为遇上了交通堵塞。(the reason why ... is that ..., be stuck in)

5. 唯一奇怪的是各州都对这个消息充耳不闻。(the only wonder is that ..., close one’s ears to sth.)
________________________________________

EX3 翻译句子
1. 很明显，学生应该为自己的将来作好准备。(主语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________
2. 想要待在宾馆里的人自己买单。(主语从句，pay one’s own way)
_____________________________________________________________________
3. 他每天读英语，难怪英语学得这么好。(主语从句)
______________
4. 在那个贫穷的小村庄的所见所闻给我们留下了深刻的印象。(主语从句)
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. 作为他最好的朋友，我确信他会准时到的。(宾语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________
6. 他自己对他在这篇文章中写的东西不满意。(宾语从句)

7. 我无法想象他是如何解出这道难题的。(宾语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________
8. 最后一次我们玩得很开心是在参观海洋公园的时候。(表语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________
9. 我想问的问题是你是否能给我一点关于如何与人交流的建议。(表语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________
10. 这就是前天我救那个女孩的地方。(表语从句)

11. 这个MP3就是我昨天下午在这家超市买的东西。(表语从句)
______________________________________________________
12. 为什么你不兑现给福利院的孩子们买礼物的承诺？(同位语从句)

13. 今天下午我们将讨论下周是否举行一个晚会的问题。(同位语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________
14. 广州传来消息，后天将举行盛大的2010亚运会盛大庆祝活动。(同位语从句)
15. 我对他准备退学的想法感到很惊讶。(同位语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________

名词性从句答案
EX1 1. that 2.whoever 3.whatever 4.that 5.which 6.What 7.whom 8.where
EX2 1. It is universally acknowledged that trees; environmental protection.
2. It’s reported that the flood left more than 2, 000 people homeless.
3. Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with that of their parents.
4. The reason why he was late for school yesterday was that he was stuck in the heavy traffic.
5. The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the news.
EX3 1.It is obvious of the students that they should get well prepared for their future.
2. Whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.
3. He reads English every day, and it is no wonder that he learns it so well.
4. What we saw and heard in that poor village impressed us deeply.
5. As his best friend, I am sure that he will come on time.
6. He himself is not satisfied with what he wrote in this article.
7. I can’t imagine how he worked out this question.
8. The last time we had great fun was when we were visiting the Ocean Park.
9. My question is whether you can give me some advice on how to communicate with others.
10. This is where I saved the girl the day before yesterday.
11. This MP3 is what I bought in this supermarket yesterday afternoon.
12. Why didn’t you carry out your promise that you would buy gifts for the children in Welfare Home?
13. This afternoon we will discuss the problem whether we will hold a party next week.
14. Word comes from Guangzhou that a great celebration will be held in honor of the 2010 Asian Games the day after tomorrow.
15. I was very surprised at his thought that he would drop out of the school.
6