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1、人教版英语八年级下册 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 重点单词 matter n. 问题；事情 stomachache n. 胃痛；腹痛 foot n. 脚；足 neck n. 颈；脖子 stomach n. 胃；腹部 throat n. 咽喉；喉咙 fever n. 发烧 lie v. （lay）躺；平躺 rest v. & n. 放松；休息 cough n. & v. 咳嗽 X-ray n. X射线；X光 toothache n. 牙痛 headache n. 头痛 break n. 间歇；休息 hurt v. （hurt）（使）疼痛
2、受伤 passenger n. 乘客；旅客 off adv. & prep. 离开（某处）；不工作；从……去掉 onto prep. 向；朝 trouble n. 问题；苦恼 hit v. （hit）（用手或器具）击；打 herself pron. （she的反身代词）她自己 sick adj. 生病的；有病的 knee n. 膝；膝盖 ourselves pron. （we的反身代词）我们自己 climber n. 登山者；攀登者 risk n. & v. 危险；风险；冒险 situation n. 情况；状况 kilo（=kilogram） n. 千克；公斤
3、rock n. 岩石 knife n. （pl. knives）刀 blood n. 血 mean v. （meant）意思是；打算；意欲 importance n. 重要性；重要 decision n. 决定；抉择 control n. & v. 限制；约束；管理 spirit n. 勇气；意志 death n. 死；死亡 nurse n. 护士 重点短语 1. What’s the matter? 怎么了？出什么事了？ 2. have a cold 感冒 3. have a stomachache 胃痛 4. lie down 躺下 5. take one’s
4、 temperature 量体温 6. have a fever 发烧 7. take breaks(take a break） 休息 8. get off 下车 9. to one’s surprise 使……惊讶的；出乎……意料 10. right away 立即；马上 11. get into 陷入；参与 12. be used to 习惯于……；适应于…… 13. take risks(take a risk) 冒险 14. run out (of) 用尽；耗尽 15. cut off 切除 16. get out of 离开；从……出来 17. be in c
5、ontrol of 掌管；管理 18. give up 放弃 重点句型 1. —What’s the matter? —I have a stomachache. 2. —What’s the matter with Ben? —He hurt himself. He has a sore back. 3. —Do you have a fever? —Yes, I do. / No, I don’t./I don’t know. 4. —Does he have a toothache? —Yes, he does. 5. —What should she do? —
6、She should take her temperature. 6. —Should I put some medicine on it? —Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn’t. 7. You shouldn’t eat so much next time. He should lie down and rest. He should see a dentist and get X-ray. 重点语法 1. have在涉及健康问题的句子中的应用。 2. 情态动词should和shouldn’t表“建议”、“提议”或“请求”等。 3. 反
7、身代词。 4. see sb. doing sth.表示“看到某人正在从事某事或正处于某种状态” 5. thanks to sb./sth.表示“多亏；因为；由于”。 Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks. 重点单词 cheer v. 欢呼；喝彩 volunteer v. 义务做；自愿做 n. 志愿者 sign n. 标志；信号 notice n. 通知；公告；注意 v. 注意到；意识到 lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的 several pron. 几个；数个；一些 strong adj. 强烈的；强壮的 fe
8、eling n. 感觉；感触 satisfaction n. 满足；满意 joy n. 高兴；愉快 owner n. 物主；主人 journey n. （尤指长途）旅行；行程 raise v. 募集；征集 alone adv. 独自；单独 repair v. 修理；修补 fix v. 修理；安装 broken adj. 破损的；残缺的 wheel n. 车轮；轮子 letter n. 信；函 Miss n. 女士；小姐 disabled adj. 丧失能力的；有残疾的 blind adj. 瞎的；失明的 deaf adj. 聋的 imagine v. 想象；设想
9、 difficulty n. 困难；难题 open v. 开；打开 door n. 门 carry v. 拿；提；扛 train v. 训练；培训 excited adj. 激动的；兴奋的 training n. 训练；培训 kindness n. 仁慈；善良 clever adj. 聪明的；聪颖的 understand v. 理解；领会 change v. & n. 变化；改变 interest n. 兴趣；关注 v. 使感兴趣；使关注 sir n. 先生（用于正式信函中对不知名的男性收信人的称呼时，写为Sir） madam n. 夫人；女士（用于正式信函中对不
10、知名的女性收信人的称呼时，写为Madam） 重点短语 1. clean up 打扫（清除）干净 2. cheer up （使）变得更高兴；振奋起来 3. give out 分发；散发 4. come up with 想出；提出（主意、计划、回答等） 5. put off 推迟 6. hand out 分发 7. call up 打电话给（某人）；征召 8. used to 曾经……；过去…… 9. care for 照顾；非常喜欢 10. try out 参加……选拔；试用 11. fix up 修理；装饰 12. give away 赠送；捐赠 13. take
11、after （外貌或行为）像 14. set up 建起；设立 15. make a difference 影响；有作用 重点句型 1. I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. 2. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future
12、dream job. 3. She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school. 重点语法 1. 动词不定式作宾语；状语和宾语补足语。 2. 情态动词could表建议的用法。 3. 动词短语。 Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? 重点单词 rubbish n. 垃圾；废弃物 fold v. 折叠；对折 sweep v. （swept）扫；打扫 floor
13、 n. 地板 mess n. 杂乱；不整洁 throw v. 扔；掷 neither adv. 也不 shirt n. 衬衫 pass v. 给；递；走过；通过 borrow v. 借；借用 lend v. 借给；借出 finger n. 手指 hate v. 厌恶；讨厌 while conj. 与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而 stress n. 精神压力；心理负担 waste n. 浪费；垃圾 v. 浪费；滥用 provide v. 提供；供应 anyway adv. 而且；加之 depend v. 依靠；信赖 develop v. 发展；壮大 fair
14、ness n. 公正性；合理性 since conj. 因为；既然 prep., conj. & adv. 从……以后；自……以来 neighbor n. 邻居 ill adj. 有病；不舒服 drop v. 落下；掉下 fair adj. 合理的；公正的 unfair adj. 不合理的；不公正的 重点短语 1. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 2. all the time 频繁；反复 3. as soon as 一……就……；尽快 4. in order to 目的是；为了 5. depend on 依靠；信赖 6. take care of
15、照顾；处理 重点句型 1. —Could I go out for dinner with my friends? —Sure, that should be OK. 2. —Could we get something to drink after the movie? —No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow. 3. —Could you please take the dog for a walk? —OK, but I want to watch one show first. 4. —Could you p
16、lease take out the rubbish? —Yes, sure. 重点语法 1. Could表礼貌的请求或者请求允许。 Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents? 重点单词 allow v. 允许；准许 wrong adj. 有毛病；错误的 guess v. 猜测；估计 deal n. 协议；交易 relation n. 关系；联系；交往 communication n. 交流；沟通 argue v. 争吵；争论 cloud n. 云；云朵 elder adj. 年纪较长的 instead adv. 代替
17、反而；却 whatever pron. 任何；每一 nervous adj. 焦虑的；担忧的 offer v. 主动提出；自愿给予 proper adj. 正确的；恰当的 secondly adv. 第二；其次 communicate v. 交流；沟通 explain v. 解释；说明 clear adj. 清楚易懂的；晴朗的 copy v. 抄袭；模仿；复制；复印 return v. 归还；回来；返回 anymore adv. （常用于否定句和疑问句末）再也（不）；（不）再 member n. 成员；分子 pressure n. 压力 compete v. 竞争
18、对抗 opinion n. 意见；想法；看法 skill n. 技艺；技巧 typical adj. 典型的 football n. （美式）橄榄球；足球 quick adj. 快的；迅速的；时间短暂的 continue v. 持续；继续存在 compare v. 比较 crazy adj. 不理智的；疯狂的 push v. 鞭策；督促；推动 development n. 发展；发育；成长 cause v. 造成；引起 usual adj. 通常的；寻常的 perhaps adv. 可能；大概；也许 重点短语 1. What’s wrong? 哪儿不舒服？ 2
19、 look through快速查看；浏览 3. big deal 重要的事 4. work out 成功地发展；解决 5. get on with 和睦相处；关系良好 6. cut out 删除；删去 7. compare…with 比较；对比 8. in one’s opinion 依……看 重点句型 1. —You look tired. What’s the matter? —I studied until midnight last night so I didn’t get enough sleep. 2. —What should I do? —Why do
20、n’t you forget about it? Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal. 3. —What should he do? —He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry. 4. —Maybe you could go to his house. —I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him. 重点语法 1. Why don’t you …? 给出建议。 2. 连词until, so that 和
21、although引导的状语从句。 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 重点单词 alarm n. 闹钟 begin v. 开始 heavily adv. 在很大程度上；大量地 suddenly adv. 突然；忽然 strange adj. 奇特的；奇怪的 storm n. 暴风雨 wind n. 风 light n. 光；光线；光亮 report v. & n. 报道；公布 area n. 地域；地区 wood n. 木；木头 window n. 窗；窗户 match n. 火柴 beat
22、 v. 敲打；打败 against prep. 倚；碰；撞 asleep adj. 睡着 rise v. & n. 升起；增加；提高 fallen adj. 倒下的；落下的 apart adv. 分离；分开 icy adj. 覆盖着冰的；冰冷的 kid v. 开玩笑；欺骗 realize v. 理解；领会；认识到 passage n. 章节；段落 pupil n. 学生 completely adv. 彻底地；完全地 shocked adj. 惊愕的；受震惊的 silence n. 沉默；缄默；无声 recently adv. 不久前；最近 date n. 日期；
23、日子 tower n. 塔；塔楼 truth n. 实情；事实 重点短语 1. go off （闹钟）发出响声 2. pick up（=pick up the phone) 接电话 3. fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着 4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 5. have a look 看一看 6. make one’s way 前往；费力地前进 7. in silence 沉默；无声 8. take down 拆除；往下拽；记录 9. at first 首先；最初 重点句型 1. —What were you doing at eight last
24、night? —I was taking a shower. 2. —What was she doing at the time of the rainstorm? —She was doing her homework. 3. —What was he doing when the rainstorm came? —He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came. 4. —What was Ben doing when it began to rain heavily? —When it began to rain,
25、 Ben was helping his mom make dinner. 5. —What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping? —While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework. 重点语法 1. make sure 意为“确认；查明；核实；确保；设法保证”，其后可接句子，或接借此of及宾语，用于引入需要确认的内容。 2. remember（someone）doing something固定搭配，意为“记得（某人）曾经做过某事”。 3. 连词when
26、和while引导的状语从句。 4. 过去进行时。 过去进行时由“was/were +动词-ing”构成，表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特征的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外，一般用时间状语来表示。 Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains. 重点单词 shoot v. 射击；发射 stone n. 石头 weak adj. 虚弱的；无力的 god n. 神；上帝 remind v. 提醒；使想起 bit n. 一点；小块 silly adj. 愚蠢的；不明事理的 object n. 物体；物品 hid
27、e v. 隐藏；隐蔽 tail n. 尾巴 magic adj. 有魔力的；有神器力量的 stick n. 棍；条 excite v. 使激动；使兴奋 Western adj. 西方国家的；（尤指）欧美的；西方的（w可以小写） fit v. 适合；合身 couple n. （尤指）夫妻；两人；两件事物 smile v. & n. 笑；微笑 marry v. 结婚 gold n. 金子；金币 adj. 金色的 silk n. 丝绸；丝织物 nobody pron. 没有人 n. 小人物 stupid adj. 愚蠢的 cheat v. 欺骗；蒙骗 n. 骗子 wif
28、e n. 妻子；太太 husband n. 丈夫 whole adj. 全部的；整体的 shine v. （shone）发光；照耀 bright adv. 光亮地；明亮地 adj. 明亮的；光线充足的 ground n. 地；地面 lead v. （led）带路；领路 voice n. 声音 brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 重点短语 1. a little bit 有点儿；稍微 2. instead of 代替；反而 3. turn…into 变成 4. once upon a time从前 5. fall in love 爱上；喜欢上 6. get mar
29、ried 结婚 重点句型 1. —How does the story begin? —Once upon a time, there was a very old man… 2. —What happened next? —As soon as the man finished talking, As soon as the man finished talking, Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died. 3. —Why was Yu Gong trying
30、 to move the mountains? —Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side. 4. —Who is the Money King? —He is the main character in Journey to the west. 5. —What can’t the Monkey King do? —He cannot turn himself into a person unless he can hide his tail. 重点语法 1. 连词un
31、less, as soon as和so…that引导的状语从句。 Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world? 重点单词 square n. 平方；正方形 meter(=metre) n. 米；公尺 deep adj. 深的；纵深的 desert n. 沙漠 population n. 人口；人口数量 Asia n. 亚洲 tour n. & v. 旅行；旅游 tourist n. 旅行者；观光者 wall n. 墙 ancient adj. 古代的；古老的 protect v. 保护；防护 wide adj.
32、 宽的；宽阔的 achievement n. 成就；成绩 thick adj. 厚的；浓的 include v. 包括；包含 condition n. 条件；状况 succeed v. 实现目标；成功 achieve v. 达到；完成；成功 force n. 力；力量 nature n. 自然界；大自然 ocean n. 大海；海洋 weigh v. 重量是……；称……的重量 birth n. 出生；诞生 adult adj. 成年的；成人的 n. 成人；成年动物 bamboo n. 竹子 research n. & v. 研究；调查（用作名词时，重音可放在第一个音
33、节） keeper n. 饲养员；保管人 awake adj. 醒着 excitement n. 激动；兴奋 illness n. 疾病；病 remaining adj. 遗留的；剩余的 wild adj. 野生的 government n. 政府；内阁 oil n. 油；食用油；石油 protection n. 保护；保卫 huge adj. 巨大的；极多的 重点短语 1. feel free （可以）随便（做某事） 2. as far as I know 就我所知 3. up to 到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有；不多于 4. take in 吸入；吞入（体内
34、 5. in the face of 面对（问题、困难等） 6. even though（=even if） 即使；虽然 7. the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 8. at birth 出生时 9. walk into 走路时撞到 10. fall over 绊倒 11. or so 大约 重点句型 1. —What’s the highest mountain in the world? —Qomolangma. 2. —How high is Qomolangma? —It’s 8,844.43 meters high. It’s higher than
35、 any other mountain. 3. —Which is the deepest salt lake in the world? —The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes. 4. —Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? —Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US. 重点语法 1. 长串数字的写法和读法。 2. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。 UNIT 8 Have
36、 you read Treasure Island yet? 重点单词 treasure n. 财宝；财富 island n. 岛 page n. （书刊或纸张的）页，面，张 hurry v. 匆忙；赶快 ship n. 船 tool n. 工具 gun n. 枪；炮 mark n. 迹象；记号；分数 v. 做记号；打分 sand n. 沙滩；沙 towards prep. 朝；向；对着 land n. 陆地；大地 fiction n. 小说 technology n. 科技；工艺 French n. 法语 pop n. 流行音乐；流行乐曲 rock n. 摇
37、滚乐 forever adv. 永远 abroad adv. 在国外；到国外 fan n. 迷；狂热爱好者 southern adj. 南方的 modern adj. 现代的；当代的 success n. 成功 belong v. 属于；归属 laughter n. 笑；笑声 beauty n. 美；美丽 record n. 唱片；记录 v. 录制；录（音） introduce v. 介绍；引见 line n. 行；排 重点短语 1. full of 满是……的；（有）大量的；（有）丰富的 2. hurry up 赶快；急忙（做某事） 3. science fi
38、ction 科幻小说（或影片等） 4. country music（也作country）乡村音乐 5. ever since 自从 6. one another 互相 重点句型 1. —Have you read Little Women yet? —Yes, I have./No, I haven’t. 2. —Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? —Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic. 3. —Have you decided which book to write about yet? —Ye
39、s, I have. I’ve already finished reading it. It was really good. 重点语法 1. 现在完成时（already, yet） Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum? 重点单词 camera n. 照相机；摄影机；摄像机 unbelievable adj. 难以置信的；不真实的 progress v. & n. 进步；进展 rapid adj. 迅速的；快速的 unusual adj. 特别的；不寻常的 toilet n. 坐便器；厕所 encourage v. 鼓励 s
40、ocial adj. 社会的 peaceful adj. 和平的；安宁的 perfect adj. 完美的；完全的 itself pron. （it的反身代词）它自己 collect v. 收集；采集 German adj. 德国的；德语的；德国人的 n. 德语；德国人 ride n. 供乘骑的游乐设施；短途旅程 province n. 省份 thousand num. 一千 safe adj. 安全的；无危害的 simply adv. 仅仅；只；不过 fear v. & n. 害怕；惧怕 whether conj. 不管……（还是）；或者……（或者）；是否 Indi
41、an adj. 印度的 n. 印度人 Japanese adj. 日本的；日本人的；日语的 n. 日本人；日语 fox n. 狐狸 whenever conj. 在任何……时候；无论何时 spring n. 春天 mostly adv. 主要地；通常 重点短语 1. amusement park 游乐场 2. tea art 茶艺 3. tea set 茶具 4. a couple of 两个；一对；几个 5. thousands of 数以千计的；许许多多的 6. on the one hand…on the other hand… 一方面……另一方面…… 7. a
42、ll year round 全年 重点句型 1. —Have you ever been to a science museum? —Yes, I’ve been to a science museum. /No, I’ve been to a science museum. 2. —Have you ever visited the space museum? —Yes, I have. I went there last year. / No, I haven’t. 3. —I’ve been to the art museum many times. —Me, too. A
43、nd I’ve also visited the nature museum. 4. —I’ve never been to a water park. —Me neither. 重点语法 1. 现在完成时（been，ever，never） Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years. 重点单词 yard n. 院子 sweet adj. 甜蜜的；甜的；含糖的 memory n. 记忆；回忆 cent n. 分；分币 toy n. 玩具 bear n. 熊 maker n. 生产者；制订者 scarf n. 围巾；披巾；
44、头巾 soft adj. 软的；柔软的 check v. & n. 检查；审查 board n. 板；木板 junior adj. 地位（或职位、级别）低下的 clear v. 清理；清除 bedroom n. 卧室 own v. 拥有；有 railway n. 铁路；铁道 part v. 离开；分开 certain adj. 某种；某事；某人 honest adj. 诚实的；老实的 while n. 一段时间；一会儿 truthful adj. 诚实的；真实的 hometown n. 家乡；故乡 nowadays adv. 现今；现在；目前 search v
45、 & n. 搜索；搜查 among prep. 在（其）中；……之一 crayon n. 彩色铅笔（或粉笔、蜡笔） shame n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧 regard v. 将……认为；把……视为 count v. 数数 century n. 世纪；百年 opposite prep. 与……相对；在……对面 adj. 对面的；另一边的 especially adv. 尤其；特别；格外 childhood n. 童年；幼年 consider v. 注视；仔细考虑 hold v. （held，held）拥有；抓住 重点短语 1. yard sale 庭院拍卖会 2. b
46、read maker 面包机 3. part with 放弃、交出（尤指舍不得的东西） 4. soft toy 软体玩具；布绒玩具 5. check out 察看；观察 6. board game 棋类游戏 7. junior high school 初级中学 8. clear out 清理；丢掉 9. no longer 不再；不复 10. as for 至于；关于 11. to be honest 说实在的 12. according to 依据；按照 13. close to 几乎；接近 重点句型 1. —How long have you had that bike over there? —I’ve had it for three years. 2. —How long has his son owned the train and railway set? —He’s owned it since his fourth birthday. 3. —Have you ever played football? —Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now. 重点语法 1. 现在完成时（since，for）
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