写作introduction.doc

I.Title
TEM4(2006)：
Recently a Beijing information company did a survey of student life among more that 700 students in Beijing, Guangzhou, Xi’an, Chengdu, Shanghai, Wuhan, Nanjing, and Shenyang. The results have shown that 67 percent of students think that saving money is a good habit while the rest believe that using tomorrow’s money today is better. What do you think?

II．专4历年试题总览

TEM4 1996
The Main Difference between My College Life and My Middle School Life
You are to write in three paragraphs.
In the first paragraph, state clearly what you think the main difference is between college and middle school life.
In the second paragraph, state which life you prefer and why.
In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or a suggestion.

TEM4 1997
More Pressure from Academic Studies Does (or Does No) Good to Us
You are to write in three paragraphs.
In the first paragraph, state clearly what your view is.
In the second paragraph, support your views with details.
In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or a suggestion.

TEM4 1998
One Way to Solve the Problem
You are to write in three paragraphs.
In the first paragraph, state what your suggested way is.
In the second paragraph,state one or two advantages of your suggestion.
In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion.

TEM4 1999
A Major Advantage/Disadvantage of Advertising on Television
You are to write in three paragraphs.
In the first paragraph, state just ONE major advantage or disadvantage of TV advertising.
In the second paragraph, give one or two reasons to support your point of view.
In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion.

TEM4 2001
Travel Broadens the Mind
You are to write in three paragraphs.
In the first paragraph, state what the topic actually means to you.
In the second paragraph, give one or two examples to illustrate your ideas.
In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.

第一种分类方法：
1） 原因分析型：support your view with one or two reasons
2） 细节说明型：support your opinion with appropriate details
3） 举例论证型：give one or two examples to illustrate your ideas

第二种分类方法：
1） 对比选择型
① Advantage/Disadvantage型
1999 A Major Advantage/Disadvantage of Advertising on Television
②A/B型
2006 Saving Money or Using Tomorrow’s Money
③Yes/No型
2007 Is it Wise to Make Friends Online?

2)给定观点型
2008 The Benefits for Volunteering
2003 The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood
2001 Travel Broadens the Mind

3）自由发挥型
2005 My Idea of a University Art Festival
2002 The Best Way to Stay Healthy
1998 One Way to Solve the Problem

III专4作文开头写法

Introduction + Thesis

例：（1996 TEM4）
Every college student would agree that life in college is not the same as it was in the middle school. Now, you have been asked by the Students’ Union to write a passage titled:
The Main Difference between My College Life and My Middle School Life
You are to write in three paragraphs.
In the first paragraph, state clearly what you think the main difference is between college and middle school life.
In the second paragraph, state which life you prefer and why.
In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or a suggestion.

A student wrote the first paragraph like this:
Every college student would agree that life in college is not the same as it was in the middle school. I think there are many differencs as well as similarities.

A good version:
It is generally accepted by undergraduates that college life is quite different from that of middle school. In my eye, the main difference lies in the degree of independence.

Useful Sentences:
① 引出社会现象或大家普遍接受的观点
It is generally accepted/ universally acknowledged that…
Recently it has become fashionable for sb. to do sth.
As everybody would agree,…
In recent years, people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of …
The issue of … is becoming a matter of concern.
It is not an uncommon phenomenon that…
It is not uncommon that…
…, which provoked nationwide heated debates on…
The issue of whether ….or not has been widely debated currently.

② 引出争议或个人观点
As far as I am concerned,…
For my part,…
As for me,…
In my eye,/From my viewpoint, /From my point of view, / From my perspective,…
Some people hold the belief that…, whereas many others are of the opinion that…
There is no denying that…., but…
The advantages of … outweigh/outshine its negative effects.

1） 经典引语法
引用名人名言、有哲理性的习语，或是为大众普遍接受的言论开头。
In recent years, mobile phones have become an indispensable part in people’s daily life. However, as the proverb goes, “There is no garden without weed”, cell phones also exercise negative influences upon our life and work.

“Every coin has its two sides.”

Writing task:
Intelligence or Diligence?

As Edison once said, “Genius was 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent of perspiration”. To achieve more in the future, we college students should value tedious and hard work and do our utmost to grasp more practical knowledge no matter how intelligent we are or supposed to be.

2） 正反表态法
在开头一段中把正反观点都表达出来，最后一句写自己的观点。通常是先用一两句介绍主题，再用一两句介绍正反两种观点，接下来再表达自己的看法。
Where Would You Go after Graduation?
After graduation, some students choose to go to super cities for career development. Meanwhile, some students prefer to return to their hometowns. As for me, I would like to go back to my home city.

Writing task:
Examinations----Harmful or Useful?

In China, students have to take various examinations each year. In the face of this issue, some people challenge the necessity of examinations, but a majority of people strongly advocate that examinations are essential. I am one member of the second group.

3)欲擒故纵法
再引出自己观点之前，先对其他观点或者反方观点做出一定程度上的肯定评价，然后笔锋一转，回到自己的观点上来。
TEM4 2004 Will Phones Kill Letter Writing?

In the new century, young people choose to phone each other rather than write letters. Some are worried that letter writing will be useless in the future. Even so, I still maintain that letter writing will never be killed by phones, despite the fact that we have already stepped into the information age.

Writing task:
Some people think to get a degree is the only thing important while studying in college. Do you agree with them or disagree?
Degree and University Study

In our society, the most commonly recognized standard of a student’s academic achievement is the degree. Consequently some people regard the degree as the only thing valuable while studying in college. Admittedly, the degree is essential for students who want a prosperous future, but it is by no means the only purpose at university.

One Solution to Air Pollution Caused by Vehicles

It is now generally accepted that vehicles (cars, trucks, etc. ) are a major source of air pollution in cities. Some solutions to the problem have been proposed, such as reducing the number of vehicles and using lead-free petrol. However, I would suggest replacing petrol with electricity as the source of power.

4)提问法
在开头段提出问题吸引读者的注意，一般是要讨论什么就把话题以问句形式提出，然后通过回答问题表达自己的观点。
Factors Influencing Young Adults

Of the various factors that can have influence on young adults, the family and friends stand out most. Which of the two is more important? My view is that it is friends who have more important influence on young adults.

Writing task:
The Best Way to Keep a Harmonious Relationship in the Dormitory

To keep a harmonious relationship in the dormiroty is really important for college students. How can we get along well with each other? My definite answer is that we need to be considerate.

5)背景法
对一个现象进行分析时，先把这个现象事件的原因、结果、发展等信息介绍一下，然后再给出自己的看法。
The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood

The modern society is characterized by rapid pace, and people in such a society have to cope with a lot of pressures from either outer world or inner will. The most difficult, but necessary thing for them is to keep a good mood under whatever circumstances.

Writing task：
Will Computers Replace Teachers?

The information and computer technology have boosted the efficiency and convenience of people’s work and study. Their application in school education has provided teachers and students with new approaches to knowledge and information. But however useful computers are, they are still integrated into the teaching curiculum as instrumental teaching aid. They have to follow instructions designed by man and cannot play the role of human brain. So it is impossible for computer to replace teachers.

6)权威数字法
运用令人信服的权威人士或者机构的统计数字作为开头，能起到警醒的作用。
Scientists found that hard-working prestigious people live longer than average men and women, and that career women are healthier than housewives. Evidence shows that the jobless are in poorer health than the job-holders. An investigation shows that whenever unemployment rate increases by 1%, the death rate increases correspondingly by 2%. All this comes down to one point: work is helpful to health.

7)综合法
综合运用上述各种方法。
Writing task:
① (2006 TEM4) Recently a Beijing information campany did a survey of student life among more that 700 students in Beijing, Guangzhou, Xi’an, Chengdu, Shanghai, Wuhan, Nanjing, and Shenyang. The results have shown that 67 percent of students think that saving money is a good habit while the rest believe that using tomorrow’s money today is better. What do you think?

Saving Money or Spending Tomorrow’s Money

Money is to our life what blood is to our body. Nobody could live without money. According to a recent survey conducted by one authoritative information corporation, an estimated 67%of college students think saving money is a good habit. On the contrary, the rest are convinced that spending tomorrow’s money is better. As far as I am concerned, saving money best suits me and renders me the greatest enjoyment.

② It is popular that many students enroll in training courses to pass CET4, TEM4, NEEP National Entrance Examination for Postgraduate), etc. Is it useful to take training courses? What is your opinion?

Will Take Training Course Help?

Currently more and more college students enroll in training courses to pass exams. New Oriental School is such a buzzword among college students. There are also other training programs concerning other majors and certificates. But will take training courses help? For me, I am of opinion that it will help to take training courses in a sense. The following are my reasons.

③ Every year, millions of students graduate from colleges and universities. Some argue that finding a job is practical; some others believe that pursuing a higher degree is wiser. What do you regard as the best way out for college graduates?

The Best Way out for College Graduates

Every year, millions of college students pour out of various universities. Then, where is their best way out after graduation? Some people think they might as well directly throw themselves into vast job maket to get a position first. Others hold the opinion that they should pursue their postgraduate education either home or abroad. For my part, a higher academic degree makes more sense in the long run.

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