第017章反意疑问句.doc

第十七章 反意疑问句
反意疑问句也称为附加疑问句，是一种常用口语的疑问句形式，由前后两部分组成。第一部分提出一种看法，第二部分用来质疑或证实。若前一部分为肯定式，后一部分一般用否定式；若前一部分为否定式，后一部分一般用肯定式。
第一节 陈述句部分的主语与疑问句部分的主语一致的情况
一、陈述句部分为系动词、助动词、情态动词时的反意疑问句形式
当陈述句部分为系动词、助动词、情态动词时，疑问部分要重复这些动词。例如：
He is the best student in our class, isn’t he? 他是我们班最好的学生，不是吗？
They haven’t know the news, have they? 他们还不知道这个消息，是不是？
You can win the game, can’t you? 你们能够赢得这场比赛，是不是？
二、陈述句部分的时态要与反意疑问句部分的时态一致
当陈述句部分为现在式、反意疑问句部分也应用现在式；陈述句部分为过去式、疑问句部分也应用过去式；陈述句部分为将来式，疑问句部分也应用将来式等等。例如：
Those old people often take part in various activities, don’t they?
那些老人经常参加各种各样的活动，是不是？
He didn’t attend the meeting, did he? 他没有参加那个会，对吧？
Those old people often take part in various activities, don’t they?
他们明天不参加这个晚会，是不是？
三、反意疑问句的回答形式
反意疑问句的结构实际上是一种简略的一般疑问句，所以其答语一般需用yes或no。当陈述句部分是肯定形式时，肯定回答用yes, 否定回答用no, 和一般疑问句的回答形式相同。但是，当陈述部分为否定形式时，其反意疑问句的回答形式应加以注意。例如：
We were late, weren’t we? 我们晚了，不是吗？
Yes, we were. 是的，我们晚了。
No, we weren’t 不，我们没有晚。
Your sister hasn’t retuned from Japan yet, has she? 你妹妹还没有从日本回来，是吗？
Yes she has. 不，她回来了。
No, she hasn’t是的，她还没有回来。
第二节 陈述句的主语与疑问句部分的主语不一致的情况
一、陈述句部分是one做主语的情况
如果陈述句部分是以代词one做主语，疑问部分的主语在正式场合用one，在非正式场合用you;在美国英语中，非正式场合还可以用he. 例如：
One can’t be too careful, can one? (或can you?) 越小心越好，是吗？
One should do his duty, shouldn’t he? 一个应该尽自己的责任，不是吗？
二、this, that, everything, something, nothing等同作陈述句部分主语时的情况
当陈述句部分的主语有this, that, everything, something, nothing等词时，疑问句部分的主语用it;如果主语部分有these或those，要用they.例如：
Nothing happened, didn’t it?没有发生什么事，是不是？
That is wonderful, isn’t it? 那可好极了，不是吗？
These books will become rubbish if you don’t make use of them, won’t they?
如果你不用这些书，它们就会变成垃圾，是不是？
三、everyone, someone, anyone, no one等不定代词作主语的情况
当陈述句部分的主语是everyone, someone, anyone, no one等不定式代词时，反意疑问句的主语通常用they,也可用he。例如：
Everybody was present at the meeting , weren’t they?大家都出席了那个会议，是不是？
Nobody survived the accident, didn’t they? 在那次事故中没有人生还，是吗？
Somebody has known the news, haven’t they?有人已经知道了那个消息，是不是？
四、动名词、不定式作主语时的情况
当动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语作陈述句部分的主语时，反意疑问句的主语通常用it.例如：
To get rid of a bad habit is not easy, is it?改掉不良习惯不是很容易，是不是？
Doing morning exercises has helped to improve her health, hasn’t it?
晨练有助于改善她的健康状况，是不是？
五、陈述句部分是there be……时的情况
当陈述句部分是there be……，反意疑问句部分的主语也用，而不用人称代词作主语，例如：
There be some difficulties in your work, aren’t there? 你工作有些困难，是吗？
There is something wrong with you, isn’t there? 你身体不太舒服，对吗？
第三节 陈述句部分与反意疑问句中的动词变化情况
一、 陈述句部分的主语是时的反意疑问句形式
当陈述句部分的主语I am……是时，反意疑问句部分的结构是aren’t I？例如：
I’m very keen on sports, aren’t? 我对体育非常热心，不是吗？
二、谓语部分有等助动词时的反意疑问句形式
当谓语动词部分有等助动词时，其反意疑问句形式要特别注意。例如：
You had better come tomorrow, hadn’t you? 你最好明天来，好吗？
You would rather not do it , would you? 你宁愿不要那样做，是吗？
She used to live in London, use(d)n’t she/didn’t she? 她过去一直住在伦敦，不是吗？
I ought to complain, shouldn’t I /oughtn’t I? 我理应抱怨的，不是吗？
但在TOEFL考试中，ought to的反意疑问句只能用should来引起。
三、谓语动词为wish时的反意疑问句形式
当谓语为wish时，反意疑问句的谓语用may，前后两部分都用肯定式。例如：
I wish to shake hand with you, may I? 我想跟你握手，行吗？
四、陈述句部分带有情态动词must时的反意疑问句形式
1、当陈述句部分带有情态动词must表示“必须，应当”时，反意疑问句部分用mustn’t表示“禁止”讲时，疑问部分用must，也可用may，例如：
We must stay home, mustn’t we? 我们必须留在家里，是吗？
You mustn’t walk on the grass, must you? 你不应当在草地上行走，对吗？
You mustn’t speak ill of others, must you? 你不可以说别人的坏话，不是吗？
2、当陈述句部分的must表示“推测”时，疑问部分不用must，而要根据must之后动词的含义使用相应的形式。例如：
You must have made the mistake, haven’t you? 你一定弄错了，对吧？
The student must be studying hard, isn’t he? 那学生一定在努力学习，对吗？
You must have seen the film last week, didn’t you? 你上个月一定看过那部电影，是吧？
3、当陈述句部分的must表示“有必要”讲时，疑问部分用needn’t“不必要”。例如：
We must look over our test papers before are hand them it, needn’t we?
交卷前，我们有必要检查一下，是吗？
He must leave early because he isn’t feeling well, needn’t he?
他觉得不舒服，有必要早点离开，是吗？
五、陈述句部分带有have的情况
1、当have作“有”讲时，既可用have的形式，也可用do的形式。但是，如果陈述句部分用的是haven’t(hasn’t)，疑问部分就用have（has）;如果陈述部分用的是don’t have(doesn’t have),疑问部分就用do(does)形式，例如：
You have a new car, haven’t you/ don’t you? 你有辆新车，对吗？
He hasn’t any sisters, has he? 他没有姐妹，对吗？
She doesn’t have any money in her pocket, does she? 她口袋里没有钱，是吗？
2、当have不表示“有”讲时，疑问部分只用do的适当形式。例如：
You all had a good time, didn’t you? 你们都玩得很好，是吗？
You have your lunch at twelve o’clock, don’t you?
你在十二点吃午饭，不是吗？
They have to hand in their papers in a month, don’t they?
他们必须在一个月内交论文，对吗？
六、need, dare在作情态动词和实义动词时的反意疑问句
need和dare这两个词的用法不一样，反意疑问句形式也不同。例如：
they needn’t make such a loud noise, need they?
他们不需要发出那么大的噪音，是不是？（情态动词）
You don’t need come if you feel sick, do you?
如果你不舒服你就不要来了，好吗？（实义动词）
He didn’t dare to speak to her, did he?
他不敢和她说话，是吗？
You dare not climb the mountain, dare you?
你不敢爬那座山，是不是？
第四节 其他结构中的反意疑问句
一、主从复合句的反意义疑问句
1、若陈述句是一主从复合句，反意疑问句一般应根据主句的谓语形式而定。例如：
They never said Tom would come, did they? 他们从来没说汤姆要来，是不是？
He thinks he will lose the game, doesn’t he? 他认为他会输掉这场比赛，是不是？
2、当陈述句部分是“I think (I suppose, I believe, I fancy, I imagine, I expect) that……”时，反意疑问句则要重复从句的谓语。例如：
I don’t think they will come, will they? 我想他们不回来了，对吗？
I suppose he can win the game, can’t he? 我认为他能够赢得这场比赛，不是吗？
二、 陈述句中有否定词时的反意疑问句形式
当陈述句中有否定词hardly, little, never, nothing, rarely, seldom 等时，反意疑问句要用肯定形式。例如：
He seldom asks questions in class, does he 他课上很少提问题，是不是？
Your brother hardly watches TV, does he? 你兄弟很少看电视，是不是？
三、祈使句也可用反意疑问句
1、肯定的祈使句表示请求时，反意疑问句一般用will you？表示邀请、劝诱时，反意疑问句用won’t you？。但是，在否定的祈使句后面则用will you？。例如：
Pass me the tool, will you?请把工具递给我，好吗？
Don’t waste too much time on the thing, will you?不要在这件事件上浪费太多的时间，好吗？
2、当祈使句的宾语为us时，在“let’s……”句型中，其反意疑问句应用“shall we”，在“let us……”句型中，其反意疑问句应用“will you”例如：
Let’s do exercises, shall we?咱们开始锻炼，好吗？
Let us share, will you?让我们共同分担，好吗？
四、感叹句后面的反意疑问句
感叹句中的动词要用“to be”的现在式，而且通常用否定形式。例如：
What an interesting story, isn’t it? 真是一个有趣的故事，不是吗？
How fine a performance, isn’t it? 真是一场非常精彩的演出，不是吗？
Exercise 17
1.选择题
1.Poor Tom has a bad tooth and it has been hurting him for a long time, ?
A. isn’t it B. wasn’t it C. hasn’t it D. doesn’t it
2. You won’t be away for long, ?
A. will you B. won’t you C. would you D. aren’t you
3. You’ve already got our invitation, ?
A. don’t you B. haven’t you C. won’t you D. aren’t you
4. Have a little more coffee, ?
A. haven’t you B. won’t you C. don’t you D. will you
5. It is the first time that she has been to the United States, ?
A. hasn’t she B. isn’t it C. has she D. is it
6. I don’t suppose he cares, ?
A. does he B. doesn’t he C. do I D. don’t I
7. You ought to finish the task in time, ?
A. shouldn’t you B. mustn’t you C. don’t you D. won’t you
8. Still beginners have to learn from their mistakes, they?
A. haven’t B. mustn’t C. don’t D. aren’t
9. John isn’t a diligent student, for it is the third time he has been late, ?
A. wasn’t it B. hasn’t C. isn’t it D. hasn’t he
10.“ Your uncle told me that he overslept.”“Oh, my uncle rarely used to oversleep, ?”
A. wasn’t he B. was he C. didn’t he D. did he
11. I hope they won’t have to wait all day, ?
A. won’t they B. don’t they C. will they D. won’t you
12. Show me your license, ?
A. will you B. shouldn’t your C. shan’t you D. can’t you
13. You should go to the grand opening ceremony, ?
A. aren’t you B. shouldn’t you C. wouldn’t you D. don’t you
14. Peter oughtn’t to have done it in the first place, ?
A. hasn’t he B. oughtn’t he C. hadn’t he D. ought he
15. Everything seems all right, ?
A. doesn’t it B. won’t it C. hasn’t it D. don’t they
16. Go straight into the core and find out what’s in there, ?
A. don’t you B. will you C. do you D. can you
17. You’d like to have a good sleep, ?
A. haven’t you B. would you C. had you D. wouldn’t you
18. There has not been a great response to the sale, ?
A. does there B. hasn’t it C. hasn’t there D. has there
19. I wish to attend the evening party, ?
A. wish I B. do I C. don’t I D. may I
20. James was very pleased, if he hadn’t spoken to the salesgirl beforehand, he might have spent more money than he could really have afforded, ?
A. didn’t he B. couldn’t he C. hadn’t he D. mightn’t he
21. You’d better remain here, ?
A. hadn’t you B. shouldn’t you C. couldn’t you D. wouldn’t you
22. You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post, I don’t think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, you?
A. do B. don’t C. didn’t D. did
23. Today’s weather isn’t as cold as it was yesterday, ?
A. wasn’t it B. was it C. isn’t it D. is it
24. He never used to swim in winter, ?
A. did he B. didn’t he C. was he D. wasn’t he
25. I am the only person who is to blame, ?
A. am not B. aren’t I C. isn’t he D. am I
26. I don’t think he will arrive here in time, ?
A. do I B. don’t I C. won’t he D. will he
27. I told them not everybody could do it, ?
A. could they B. couldn’t they C. didn’t I D. had she
28. Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, ?
A. do you B. won’t you C. will you D. don’t you
29. Nobody phoned me while I was out, ?
A. did they B. didn’t they C. did he D. didn’t he
30. Clever boys need never work very hard, ?
A. needn’t they B. don’t they C. do they D. need they
31. Let’s go to the dinning hall together ?
A. do we B. are we C. shall we D. will you
32. I wish to recollect where I met her, ?
A. would I B. may I C. may not I D. can I
33. We have to do another experiment today, ?
A. don’t we B. shouldn’t we C. did we D. have we

34. She must be looking forward to your return, ?
A. mustn’t she B. wasn’t she C. isn’t she D. didn’t she
35. We never dared to ask him a question, ?
A. did we B. didn’t we C. dare we D. daren’t we
36. Don’t tell him the matter, ?
A. will you B. do you C. don’t you D. won’t you
37. The old lady scarcely cares for anything, ?
A. does she B. doesn’t she C. don’t she D. do she
38. What a pleasant day, ?
A. is it B. won’t it C. isn’t it D. aren’t they

II.改错题
1．There is quite a bit of rain in your part of the county, isn’t it?
A B C D
2. If Tim had a small boot, he would let us use it, doesn’t he?
A B C D
3. Anyone who did that was wasting their time and money, wasn’t it?
A B C D
4. Your sister used to visit you quite often, hadn’t she?
A B C D
5. He would have bought the house, if he had only had enough money, hadn’t he?
A B C D
6. Black told me that there wasn’t anyone in the classroom at that time, was there?
A B C D
7. It is high time that we left, didn’t we?
A B C D
8. “What was the assignment for today?”“We had to read the first chapter, hadn’t we?”
A B C D
9. You never told us why you were late for the last meeting, didn’t you?
A B C D
10. Let’s go swimming and boating together, will you?
A B C D
11. The doctor soon had the patient walking again, hadn’t he?
A B C D
12. She had no idea she was sailing through the air, hadn’t she?
A B C D
13. Tell me how tooperate the electronic computer, won’t you?
A B C D
14. Being a student, he daren’t say such rude things , does he?
A B C D
15. Everybody knows that the earth goes around the sun, doesn’t it?
A B C D
16. If I had known that you were out, I wouldn’t have bothered to come all the way at that time of
A B C
might, hadn’t I ?
D
17. The price of crude oil used to be a great deal lower than now, wasn’t it?
A B C D
18. Mary keeps talking about the party; she had a very good time, hadn’t she?
A B C D
19. They need to be reminded about it, needn’t they?
A B C D