大学英语四级高频词汇及短语.doc

大学英语四级考试高频词汇及短语l 频率出现七次的词汇case意 义 n.事例,实例,事实,情况;病例;案件;箱,盒,套;手提箱搭 配 a case in point 有关的事例,例证a case in point 恰当的例子in any case 无论如何,不管怎样in case 假使,以防(引导虚拟语气)sum up the case 概括事实in case of 假如,如果发生;防备in no case 无论如何不,决不in this/that case 如果这样.那样的话a case of measles 麻疹病例appeal a case 申述pack a case 装箱in the case of 就.来说,至于as the case may be 看情况，根据具体情况辨 析 case 事实,事例,情况,可笼统地指一个完整的论题,也可表典型的事例,也可用于表医学上的病例或法律上的案例.instance 为正式用词,指从事实中援引单独事例,隐含其典型性重难点 语法规则：in case意为“假使;免得，以防(万一)”。In case引导的从句可以用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，虚拟形式为should+动词原形真 题 I was advised to arrange for insurance _I needed medical treatment. A)nevertheless B) although C)in case D)so that 答案CI left for the office earlier than usual this morning _traffic jam. A)in line with B)for the sake of C)in case of D)at the risk of 答案CWe left the manager a note_ he wanted to know where we were. A)if B)in case C)so that D)unless 答案BThe lawyer advised him to drop _,since he stands little chance to win. A)event B)incident C)case D)affair 答案Craise意 义 vt.举起、提高、提升;筹集、征集;唤起、引起;养育、饲养、种植;提升，增加(工资)搭 配 raise ones hand 举手raise ones hat to sb. 向某人举帽致敬raise doubts in peoples minds 引起人们的怀疑raise a child 养育孩子raise farm/corps 饲养raise funds 筹集资金raise salaries 增加薪水raise standards of service 提高服务水平辨析 raise 多指由低处垂直举往高处，不一定费力lift 指用力或机械把重物提高到较高的位置rise v.上升arise v.发生arouse v.激发起真 题 Though_in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferredto record the plain facts of small-town life. A)raised B)grown C)developed D)cultivated 答案Al 频率出现六次的词汇extend意 义 vt.延伸;扩展、扩大;提供、给予;vi.伸展、延伸;(在范围或应用上)达到构 词 ex(向外)+tend(伸展)变 形 extension. n.伸出、伸展;延长部分;电话分机extensive a. 广大的、广阔的;广泛的intensive a.加强的，深入细致的搭 配 extensive knowledge 广博的知识to extend credit/visa 延长信贷限期/签证extensive reading 泛读extensive discussion 广泛的讨论辨析 enlarge v.扩大，放大expand v.使膨胀，扩张extend 指直线状的伸展，引申指扩大势力、范围。lengthen 指增加长度或延长时间。prolong 指时间过程延长到超过通常或正常的限度。真 题 It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _ knowledge. A) extensive B) expansive C) intensive D) expensive 答案Aintensive意 义 a.加强的，集中的，深入细致的;集约(经营)的，精耕细作的构 词 ex(向外)+tend(伸展)变 形 intensity n.强烈，剧烈;强度intensively adv.加强地，集中地，深入细致地搭 配 intensive study 深入细致的研究intensive reading 精读intensive agriculture 集约农业labour intensity 劳动强度look at sb. with intensity 深情地看着某人辨 析 intense 意为“非常的;强烈的”，常用于形容某种性质或感情，表示很高或达到极端的程度。intensive 含有intense的意思，但更强调“精细的;集中的”。An intense attack 全线的攻击;an intensive attack 集中某一点攻击。真 题 The patients health failed to such an extent that he was put into_care. A)tense B)rigid C)intensive D)tight 答案CThe relationship between employers and employees has been studied_ A)originally B)extremely C)violently D)intensively 答案Dl 频率出现五次的词汇available意 义 a.现成可使用的，在手边的，可利用的;可取得联系的，可得到的构 词 a(to)+vail(value,价值)+able(后缀)-有利用价值的-可利用的搭 配 make sth. available to/for 使可以享受某物;使.买得起某物the only available room 唯一可用的房子;辨 析 available a. 现成可使用的，在手边的，可利用的handy a. 手边的，就近的，便利的，敏捷的at hand 在手边，在附近，即将到来真 题 Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are_in grocery stores. A)ready B)approachable C)probable D) available 答案DIn general,the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _for living expense. A)acceptable B)available C)advisable D)applicable 答案Bcharge意 义 n.控告，指控;主管，看管;费用，价钱;负荷,电荷,充电vt.索价，要.支付;控告，指控;使承担(任务、责任等);使负荷,使充电搭 配 in charge of 主管,看管in(under)the charge of 在的掌管下charge sb.with 指控某人charge(sb.)(money)for sth. 要价,要(某人)付.(钱)买某物take charge 开始管理,接管a positive/negative charge 正/负电荷be on charge 正充电at modest charges 以公道的价格charge for trouble 手续费charge a battery 给电池充电辨 析 accuse 指的是严重程度不等的犯罪或冒犯行为,accuse与介词of连用,charge所指的是正式控告或指责具有违法性质的行为,charge与介词with搭配.真 题 She was complaining that the doctor was _too much for the treatment he was giving her. A)expending B)offering C)costing D)charging 答案DThis hotel _$60 for a single room with bath. A)charges B)demands C)prices D)claims 答案Aeffect意 义 n.结果、效果; v.实现、使生效变 形 effective 有效的，生效的，起作用的;给人印象深刻的;实际的，事实上的effectively 有效地、起作用地搭 配 bring/carry/put into effect 实行、实现take effective measures 采取有效措施effective range 有效射程;effective ways of reducing pollution 降低污染的有效方法;take effect 生效、起作用to the effect that 大意是effective 有效的、起作用的in effect 实际上、实质上come/go into effect 生效to no effect 无效;毫无结果辨析 effect 指明显的原因所产生的后果。consequence 可指没有明确原因的后果或效果。effective 表示能产生实际的效果。valid 指仍为权威部门认可，可以继续使用，是法律用语。真 题 They took _ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping. A) fruitful B) beneficial C) valid D) effective 答案DThough the long-term_ can not be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee. A)affect B)effect C)result D)consequence 答案BThe new appointment of our president _from the very beginning of next semester. A)takes effect B)takes part C)takes place D)takes turn 答案Atransmit意 义 vt.播送、发射;传送、传染构 词 trans(从到.)+mit(发送)变 形 transmission 播送、发射 ;传送、传染搭 配 transmit knowledge from one generation to another 把知识由一代传给另一代transmission of news 消息的传播;transmit news by radio 由无线电发送消息真 题 American football and baseball are becoming known to the British public through televised _ from the United States. A)transfer B) deliveries C) transportation D) transmissions 答案DSome diseases are _ by certain water animals. A) transplanted B) transformed C) transported D)transmitted 答案DCommunication is the process of_a message from a source to an audience via a channel. A)transmitting B)submitting C)transforming D)switching 答案ACultural_indicates that human beings hand theirs languages down from one generation to another. A)translation B )transition C)transmission D)transaction 答案Crelate意 义 vi.有关联;适应，和睦相处;vt.使互相关联;讲述，叙述变 形 relative 相关的，有关的;相对的，比较的;亲属all human values are relative,so beauty is relative to the beholders eyes.relatively 相关地，有关地;相对地，比较地relation 亲属搭 配 relate to/with 有关联relative to 有关，涉及in/with relation to 有关，涉及close/near relation 近亲distant relation 远亲真 题 It is difficult to_cause and effect in this case. A)unite B)think C)relate D)describe Cl 出现23次的短语词汇take搭 配 take after 与相象take apart 拆开(机器等)takeas 把理解为take away 拿走，夺去，使离去;减去take down 取下;记下;拆卸take for 认为，以为;误认为take on 接受;包含;领会;承担，从事;呈现，具有;开始雇佣take into account 把考虑进去take issue with sb. 与某人争论take off 拿走;脱下(衣帽等);起飞take oneself off 走开，离去take up 拿起;着手处理;占去take sb. to task 责备某人，申斥某人take to 开始;对产生好感;形成的习惯take up 占去，占据;开始从事take over 占据;接任(职位)take out 拿出;去掉;扣除;(通过申请等)取得，办理;(on)对.发泄take out loans 借贷take aback 使吃惊，使困惑take back 收回(说错的话);使回忆起take in 接受，接纳，吸收;包括;领会，理解;欺骗take effect 生效take turns 轮流take up with 与.成为朋友take out on 对.发泄真 题 The new appointment of our president _from the very beginning of next semester. A) takes effect B) takes part C) takes place D) takes turns 答案AFrequently single-parent children _some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served. A) take off B) take after C) take in D) take on 答案DOur son doesnt know what to _at the university; he cant make up his mind about his future. A) take in B)take over C) take up D) take after 答案BId _ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan. A) take into account B) account for C) make up for D) make out 答案Al 出现18次的短语词汇turn搭 配 turn away 走开;把脸转过去turn ones back on 不理睬turn out 生产;驱逐;翻转turn on 开，旋开(电灯等)turn off 关(水源等);拐弯turn into 进入;使变成，使成为turn in 转身进入;拐入;交出;上床睡觉turn down 关小，调低;拒绝turn sbs blood cold 使毛骨悚然turn against 对采取敌对态度by turns 轮流，交替take turns 依次，轮流on the turn 正在转变中turn back (使)折回;(使)往回走turn around/round 转变，(使)转好in turn 依次，轮流;转而，反过来turn up 出现;找到;证明是turn to 变成;求助于;着手;查阅turn over (机器等)运转;翻过来;仔细考虑真 题 Lets not wait any longer, he might not _at all. A)turn over B)turn up C)turn on D)turn down 答案BThe French pianist who had been praised very highly _to be a great disappointment . A)turned up B)turned in C)turned out D)turned down 答案CThis popular sports car is now being _at the rate of a thousand a week. A)turned down B)turned out C)turned up D)turned on 答案BFaced with all the difficulties, the girl _her mother for comfort. A)turned over B)turned form C)turned to D)turned up 答案CUnder the present system, state enterprises must_ all profits to the government A) turn down B)turn up C)turn out D)turn in DEverything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the bodys need for it from natural sources without turning_ the salt bottle. A)to B)over C)on D)up答案 Al 出现15次的短语词汇put搭 配 put across/over 解释清楚;做成(交易)put up with 忍受，容忍(讨厌的人)put up 举起;安装;张贴;建造，搭起，支起;为.提供住宿;进行(抵抗);提高(价格);提名put to (船只顺避风等而)靠岸put through 使穿过;使从事;接通(电话)，为接通电话put out 熄灭;关(灯);出版;伸出;生产put on 穿上;上演;教唆;增加(体重)put off 推迟，拖延;阻碍put in 花费;正式提出put aside 储存，保留;把放在一边，暂不考虑put forward 提出(要求、事实等)put down 记下;镇压;杀死put away 把收起;储存，积攒put sb. out of job 使某人失业put ones feeling into words 用语言表达感情真 题 In Disneyland, every year, some 800,000plants are replaced because Disney refused to _ signs asking his “guest” not to step on them. A) put down B) put out C) put up D) put off 答案CWhen they had finishing playing, the children were made to_all the toys theyhad taken out. A)put off B)put out C)put up D)put away 答案Dgo搭 配 go back on 违背(诺言等); 毁(约)go for 竭力想取得，喜爱，适用于go in for 从事，致力，爱好;追求go into 研究，调查，进入go on 继续，发生;接近go through 经历，详细检查;完成go with 伴随，与.协调;与持同一看法go without 没有 也行on the go 很忙to go 剩下的，未完成的go against 反对;对.不利go after 追求/赶; 设法得到go about 着手做，处理，忙于go up 上升，增加，建起;(物价等)上涨go under 下沉，沉没;失败;破产go round/around 足够分配; (消息)流传go over 检查，审查;复习，重温go out 外出;熄灭;走出(房间等);罢工;公布，播出go out of ones way 特别费心(做事)go off 爆炸，发射;动身，离开;去世;go off with 拿去;抢走;拐走go down 下降，降低;被载入，传下去; (船等)下沉go by 过去go ahead 开始，前进;领先; 取得进展go at 攻击;着手/努力做go along 进行，进展;(with)赞同go into action 开始行动go together 相配;恋爱go by 走过，放过;依照go abroad 出国go out of ones mind 变得神志不清真 题 The early pioneers had to _ many hardships to settle on the new land. A) go along with B) go back on C) go through D) go into 答案CThe terrorists might have planted a bomb on a plane in Athens, set to _ when it arrived in New York. A) get off B) carry off C) go off D) come off things. 答案CThere are other problems which I dont propose to _at the moment. A) go into B) go around C) go for D) go up 答案ADavid likes country life and has decided to _ farming . A)go in for B) go back on C)go through with D) go along with 答案Al 出现11次的短语词汇call搭 配 call after 追在的后面叫喊call forth 唤起，引起;鼓起(勇气，精神)call for 要求，需要，提倡call back 叫回来，收回(错话等)call up 征召(服役)，动员call on/upon 访问;号召;呼吁call off 叫走，叫开;取消call in 收回(某物)真 题 That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but the police. A) called in B) calling in C) call in D) to call in 答案DThe sports meet, originally due to be held last Friday ,was finally because of the bad weather. A)set off B)worn off C) broken off D) called off 答案DA well-written composition _ good choice of words and clear organization . A) calls on B) calls for C)calls up D) calls off 答案BThe article_more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning. A)calls for B)applies for C)cares for D)allows for 答案Amake搭 配 made up of 由组成，由构成make it 办成，做到，成功;赶上，及时达到make believe 假装，假扮make of 理解，推断make up to 接近;巴结;向求爱make up for 补偿，弥补make up 拼凑;组成;补偿;捏造，临时编造，虚高;化装;和解make as if 假装;装作make over 把(财产)转让;改造make away (急忙)离去;逃走make away with 携而逃;摧毁;浪费make off with 携而逃make for 走向，向前进;冲向make down 改小(衣服)make beds 铺床叠被make out of 用制造出;理解make out 开列;书写;辩认出make fun of 嘲笑;开玩笑home/foreign make 本国/外国制造make ones way 前进;成功，发迹真 题 In Britain today women _44% of the work force ,and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work. A) build up B) stand for C) make up D) conform to 答案CWhen he realized the police had spotted him, the man _ the exit as quickly as possible. A) made off B) made for C) made out D) made up 答案Bl 出现10次的短语词汇set搭配 set against 使敌视，使抵消set oneself up as 以自居set up 开办;建立;设立;开始经商set out 动身;开始;装饰;摆放;阐明set oneself against 坚决反对set off 动身，出发;使爆炸set forth 动身起程;阐明set down 记下;登记;放下set back (把钟等)往回拨;推迟;使花费set aside 挑出;不顾;取消;不理会set apart 使分离;使显得突出;留出，拨出(时间、金钱等)set about 开始;散布(谣言等)a dinner set 一套餐具set in 开始set on 袭击，唆使真 题 Having decided to rent a flat, we _contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city . A) set about B) set down C) set out D) set up 答案A