新东方IELTS雅思讲义A&G类听力.doc

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雅思听力讲义
主讲：北京新东方学校 彭新松

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第一讲 雅思听力应注意的问题

1,学习英语的基本方法2,考试与技巧3,计划4,机经

1, 如何习得英语
§ 学习英语的5个方面:
§ 听,说,读,写,译.
§ 其中读和听是基础,而读是最基础的,是习得的主要方法

2,四门考试之间的关系
听,读---被动
说,写---主动
听,读---平均分比说,写---高半分

§ SOUNDS-SYLLABLES-WORDS-PHRASES-SENTENCES-PARAGRAPHS-PASSAGES

§ 语音-词汇-语法-记忆-走神
§ 同时,听懂的过程正好是说的逆过程

3,问题及解决问题方法
1,语音:
1)48个基本音素
英语与汉语发音的不同/元音/辅音/易混音
2)吞音和连读
相邻辅音,前者有口型不送气/例外
一般连读/辅音连读/元音连读/例外
3)口音和语调
英音/美音/澳音/杂音
句子重音/单词重音/结构与节奏

1),2),3)问题的解决方案
纠音:
1,学过的配有磁带的3-5篇课文
2,录下自己的声音,与磁带反复对比,模仿
3,同性的声音

4)读音规则
一个字母组合发不同的音
不同的字母组合发同一个音

读音规则问题的解决方案
1, 找到读音规则
2, 多举不同的例子
2,词汇:
1)内涵和外延
不要只记一个意思,否则在其它地方遇到就不认识了
2)用法
要记住单词的语境,否则即便记住了也不会用
3)同义词
听说读写都需要同义词
听力中有20-40%的题目需要听同义词
4)派生词
熟悉单词:词根/词缀

3,语法:
1)句子结构
只有抓住句子结构才能抓住完整的含义.
2)代词还原
这需要我们更强的短时记忆
3)动词形式的含义
熟悉动词的含义以及每一种形式的含义

词汇和语法问题解决方案
快速阅读:
1,每天1-2篇学过的课文(10+遍)
2,养成抓句子结构的习惯
3,180+WPM

4,记忆---听写
1)单句
2)边听边写和听完再写
3)两遍一句

5,走神:
1)边听边走---听着玩
每一部分犯的错误都不少
2)先走后不走---躺着听
S1没有进入状态
S2刚刚开始
S3,S4比前面两部分好
3)先不走后走---边听边译
S1不走神
S2累了,开始走神
S3,S4太累了一直在走神
4)自信
听力考的是短时记忆
听到:写,选
听不到:放弃
走神问题的解决方案
不要:
1)听着玩
2)躺着听
3)时间长或间断
4)看着原文听
5)听太难的材料(新闻)
6)犹豫

第二讲 考题分析
考试介绍
I 考试题型
1,常考题型
1,表格题:个人信息表格/有横纵轴的表格/表格中的完成句子
2,完成句子:
1)单句填空
2)提纲填空
3)总结填空
3,问答题
前三种题型需要我们边听边写的能力
4,选择题
1)单选
2)多选
选择题需要我们边听边读的能力
2,次常考题型
1,地图题:选字母/写地名
需要方向感
2,搭配题
需要边听边读/抽象思维
3,不常考题型
1,判断改错题:判断/判断改错
1)肯,否定词
2)专有名词
3)数字
2,图画题:识图能力
3,图例题:工作原理
4,推理题:演绎推理
4,综合题型
1,表格+判断改错
2,表格+多选
3,表格+搭配

II 常考场景
1,SURVIVAL
1)住宿
2)家乡
3)度假
4)活动
2,ACADEMIC:新生入学/图书馆
---上述6个话题一般在S1和S2出现,比较简单,因为都是介绍性的话题
S3 1)作业
2)研究
3)选课
S4 讲课

III 评分标准
1, 13-16=4.5-5
17-23=5.5-6
24-306.5-7
31-35=7.5-8
2, 写答案注意事项
1) 拼写不能出现错误,但是英美拼写均可接受
2) 答案要完整
3) 不能重复题干中已知信息
4) 不要超过字数要求
5) 相似答案只能写一个
6) 答案可以写标准缩写
7) 数字、金钱可以写各种符号

IV 计划
1, 每天计划
1)30分钟/次
2)2-4次/天
2, 1个月计划
使用剑桥系列3,4,5册
1)熟悉题型
2)列出错误清单
3)听写
4)预测
5)适应考试(考试前2周):
心理(8.45听力/9.25阅读/10.30写作)
生理(饮食/主场作战)
3, 2个月计划
§ 加上雅思听力特训
§ 比一般考试难5题左右,能够发现更多问题,考试能够避免更多错误
4, 3-6个月计划
§ 加上LISTEN TO THIS
§ 半本/月(初级:5-6.5;中级7-8.5)

第三讲 习题讲解
PRACTICE
TEST 1

LISTENING
PRACTICE TEST 1

NUMBER OF QUESTIONS: 40
APPROX. TIME: 30 MINUTES

Instructions
You will hear a number of conversations and talks and you must answer questions on what you hear.

The conversations are recorded and you will have time to read the instructions and questions, and to check your work.

The tape will be played ONCE only.

The test is organised in 4 sections.

You can write your answers on the question paper and at the end of the test you will be given time to transfer your answers to an answer sheet.

Section 1 Questions 1 - 10

Questions 1 - 3
Choose the correct letters A - D.

Example
Sergeant Brown is going to speak about
A comfort.
B safety.
C the police.
D Mr Fogerty.

1 Sergeant Brown is
A the community patrol officer.
B the university security officer.
C the community police adviser.
D the university liaison officer.
2 Sergeant Brown
A lives locally and is not married.
B lives on the campus and has two daughters.
C has a son at the university.
D doesn't live on the campus with his daughters.
3 Sergeant Brown has been a police officer for
A 5 years.
B 10 years.
C 15 years.
D 20 years.

Questions 4 - 6
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
4 The most dangerous place around the campus is ________ .
5 The most dangerous place in town is ________ .
6 It is dangerous because of ________ .

Questions 7 - 8
Choose TWO letters A - E.

Which TWO items should a student always carry?
A a personal alarm
B valuables
C a passport
D jewellery
E some identification

Questions 9 - 10
Choose TWO letters A - E.

Which TWO things does Sergeant Brown recommend a student should do?
A walk home in pairs
B use public transport
C drive home
D not carry a lot of cash
E arrange to be home at a certain time

Section 2 Questions 11-20

Questions 11 - 13
Choose THREE letters A - E.

What are John and Sarah discussing?
A the amount of work in the second year
B the importance of medieval history
C studying material in a different language
D when their exams will finish
E the level of work in the second year

Questions 14 and 15
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
14 Why is Sarah working in the market?
________________________________________________________________________
15 How many courses must John and Sarah choose?
_________________________________________________________________

Questions 16 - 20
Write A NUMBER or NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each space.
Course
Credits
Tutor
Recommended reading
Requirements
Medieval Society
20
Dr Smith
Study pack
________ (17)
Development of Technology
20
Mr Mills
Bouchier's '________'
(18)
None
The Crusades I
10
________ (19)
Allison & McKay's The First Crusades'
French
The Crusades II
10
Dr Shaker & Professor Lord
Mallen's 'A General History of the Crusades'
French
Peasants and Kings
________
(16)
Dr Reeves
Hobart's 'Introduction to the Middle Ages'
________ (20)

Section 3 Questions 21 - 30

Questions 21 - 25
Choose the correct letters A - C

21 Dr Mullet was particularly impressed by Fayed's
A final year dissertation.
B personal tutor.
C exam results.
22 After he took his exams, Fayed felt
A nervous.
B anxious.
C happy.
23 Dr Mullet accepts people for the MA course because of
A their exam results.
B their ability to play games.
C a variety of reasons.
24 What did Fayed initially go to university to Study?
A economics.
B booms and crashes.
C history.
25 The course Fayed is applying for is concerned with
A the developing world.
B the development of banks.
C the economics of work.

Questions 26 - 30
Complete Dr Mullet's notes on his interview with Fayed in NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each space.
INTERVIEW WITH FAYED
Worried! Far from his country. ________ (26) ?
Will go to study in ________ (27)
if not accepted here.
After university wants to work ________ (28).
Now going to visit ________ (29).
My decision - when? ________ (30)

选择题的解题思路
1、扫描题干，划出核心词
2、听时综合扫描选项
3、用核心词定位，听到什么选什么
4、抄完答案之后检查
①同义相斥
②相反的有一个是对的
③常识
选择题的解题技巧
1、听到词就选
2、结合核心词
3、生词原则

Section 4 Questions 31 - 40

Questions 31 - 35
Complete each sentence with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.
31 The public has more knowledge of vitamins than other parts ________ .
32 The public doesn't always eat __ .
33 There is a widespread belief that Vitamin C can ________ .
34 Vitamin A helps you see ________ .
35 Many people wrongly think that taking vitamin supplements can ________ .

完成句子题的注意事项：
1、扫描题干，划出核心词，注意空格前后
2、判断所需句子成分及词性
3、注意核心词同义词替换，句子结构变化的情况
用核心词定位占50%，用同义词替换的占30%，句子结构定位为0%-5%
4、注意简写答案，再补全
在听写的时候练习
5、检查答案的词性

总结起来就是：读、猜、听、写、查

本套题答案：
Listening Test 1
You will hear a number of different recordings and you have to answer questions on what you hear. There will be time for you to read the instructions and you will have a chance to check your answers. The test is in four sections. Record all your answers in your test book and at the end of the test you will be given 10 minutes to transfer your answers to a special answer sheet.

Now turn to Section 1.
____________
Section 1
——————
You will hear a policeman giving a talk to some students. First you will have some time to look at questions 1 to 6 (pause for 30 seconds).

You will see that there has been an example written for you. On this occasion only the conversation relating to the example will be played first (listen to example).

Sergeant Brown is going to speak about safety, so answer B has been circled on the question page.

Now we will begin. You should answer the questions as you listen, as you will not hear the recording a second time. Listen to the talk carefully and answer questions 1 to 6.

[Mr Fogarty:] ... and so I'd like to hand you over now to Sergeant Brown. Thank you.

[Sergeant Brown:]
Thank you, Mr Fogarty. Er, yes, as you know my name is Sergeant Jeff Brown, and as Mr Fogarty has indicated, I'll be speaking to you briefly today about security (example), about how to make your time at this university safer and more comfortable.
I am officially the university liaison officer (Q1), which means I have a specific brief to act as a go-between for the university and the police, if there are problems, and also to offer an official presence on or around campus and give individuals advice if they need it.
Now, my job is very important to me. I take security and reducing the threat of crime on this campus very seriously because, although I don't actually live on the campus, both my daughters attended this university, and my son is still here (Q2). So I am a local policeman in every respect. I have been the university liaison officer for the last five years but I have been in the police force for 15 in all (Q3).
Now, on to some advice. The first thing I want to stress is that this university is a comparatively safe place to live. We have had no serious crimes here in the five years I've been here. In fact, crime of any sort is very rare on the campus. We have good security here and although there are a lot of staff and students, the security staff, including myself, are making an effort to get to know your faces!
However, as students it is of course wise for you to take precautions to protect yourselves against crime when you are off the campus. As I said, the campus itself is really very safe, but there is a large park right behind it, MacGowan Fields (Q4), and although this is a beautiful place to sit or walk during the day, at night you must be careful. One or two students have reported unpleasant incidents at night while walking in the park, although it must be said that no major incidents have been reported.
Now, there are no areas in town which I advise students to avoid as a general rule, but the town centre (Q5) is more hazardous than other areas, especially in the evenings on Friday and Saturday. On these days there is often fighting after people have had too much to drink in the pubs and clubs in the area. There have also been a number of robberies and muggings (Q6).

Before the talk continues you have some time to read questions 7 to 10 (pause for 20 seconds). Now listen carefully and answer questions 7 to 10.

Well that was my advice to you. Most of it is common sense but remember crime always happens when you least expect it. But there are ways to protect yourself. First of all, the university provides all students with personal alarms (Q7). If you are attacked, you can use this to put off your attacker. Secondly, don't take anything with you that cannot easily be replaced like a passport or things of sentimental value. Leave jewellery and other valuables in your room when you go out. Always make sure you take something which will identify you (Q8), perhaps your student card or your driving licence. Thirdly, when you are out late at night, come home in twos (Q9). It's much safer if you're with a friend than on your own. And obviously, don't have very much money on you (Q10). Finally, if you do know you'll be late back and can't use public transport, tell someone else when you expect to be home and if there's a problem, they can raise the alarm. So, that's about all from me and I wish you a pleasant and safe stay here. Thank you.

That is the end of Section 1. You will have half a minute to check your answers (pause for 30 seconds).

Now turn to Section 2.
____________
Section 2
——————
You will hear two students, Sarah and John discussing their choices of courses to study. First you have some time to look at questions 11 to 15 (pause for 30 seconds).

Now listen carefully to the discussion and answer questions 11 to 15.

Sarah: Hi, John
John: Hello, Sarah. What are you doing in here? Haven't all you exams finished?
Sarah: Well, yes, they have, but I've got to make my decisions for next year. I still haven't chosen what courses I'm going to do.
John: That's why I'm here. Why don't we have a look through the brochure together?
Sarah: That's a good idea. I'm not sure about some of these courses on medieval history.
John: No. In fact, I'm not sure about the whole second year. I was talking to Peter Lily the other day - you know, he's just finished the second year - and he was saying that the work load is higher in (Q11) the second year because you have to read all these medieval documents in Latin (Q12). I mean, the first year's been pretty hard but next year will be worse. There are more assignments in the second year - it goes up to six a year for each course, doesn't it?
Sarah: Yes But we've got the experience of the first year to build on, so it must get easier. And there isn't so much secondary material in the second year. There aren't so many books about the medieval period.
John: Don't you believe it! I think this year's going to be hard work (Q13)!
Sarah: Well, perhaps I'd better give up my job then.
John: You're working as well?
Sarah Yeah, I've been working in the same place for over a year now. Only part-time, you know. Just Saturday mornings in the market. I mean, it doesn't pay much, but it's interesting and it gives me a bit of extra cash for my text books (Q14). Anyway, what about these courses? How many do we have to take? I remember Professor bolt saying something about four courses in the second year, is that right? Or do we have to do a certain number of credits?
John: Both. We have to select four courses (Q15), but for some courses there are two parts. They count as one course. It's six in total, because everyone has to do Europe 1100-1500 and Chronicles of the Church. Anyway, when you've chosen your four courses, they should add up to 80 credits. Have you got the course brochure there?
Sarah: Yes. Look ... under ... second year history ... There it is.

You now have some time to read questions 16 to 20 (pause for 20 seconds).

Now listen to the rest of the discussion and answer questions 16 to 20.

John: Right. Yes, look. Most of these courses are 20 credits each, except for the two short courses about the Crusades (Q16). They're 10 each. Now, Medieval Society ... Hmm. What do you think?
Sarah: Well, actually, I think it looks really good. Dr Smith is OK, and you don't have to buy any books except a study pack. The best thing is, there are no special requirements (Q17) - no Latin or medieval English!
John: The next one is Development of Technology with Mr Mills. Ah .