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近十年考研英语阅读真题常见短语.doc

1、 近十年考研英语阅读真题常见短语 1. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守。   2. be absent from…。缺席,不在   3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded)心不在焉 4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被动语态): be absorbed in全神贯注于…近: be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ; be concentrated on ; be focused on ;

2、 be centered on   5.(be)abundant in (be rich in; be well supplied with)富于,富有   6. access(to) (不可数名词)能接近,进入,了解 7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外。 Without accident(=safely)安全地,   8. of one's own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地,主动地 9. in accord with与…一致。 out o

3、f one's accord with同…。不一致   10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地   11. in accordance with (=in agreement with)依照,根据 12. on one's own account 1)为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益 2)(=at one’s own risk)自行负责 3)(=by oneself)依靠自己 on account赊账; on account of因为; on no account不论什么原因也不; of…account有………

4、重要性。   13. take…into account(=consider)把……考虑进去   14. give sb. an account of说明,解释(理由)   15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for)解释,说明。   16. on account of (=because of)由于,因为。   17. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装) 18. accuse…of…指控,控告 (=charge…with; bla

5、me sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about)   19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于。 20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of)了解; (=to have met socially)熟悉 21. act on奉行,按照…行动; act as扮演; act for代理   22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)使自己适应于 23. adapt…

6、for)改编,改写(以适应新的需要) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need)   24. in addition (=besides)此外,又,加之   25. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外 26. adhere to粘附;坚持,遵循 (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief )   27. adjacent(=next t

7、o, close to)毗邻的,临近的   28. adjust……(to) (=change slightly)调节;适应;   29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for)…的可能,留有…的余地。   30. in advance (before in time)预告,事先。   31. to advantage有利的,使优点更加突出地。 32. have an advantage over胜过。 have the advantage of由于…处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事

8、 33. take advantage of利用。 (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness) 34. agree with赞同(某人意见) agree to同意   35. in agreement (with)同意,一致 36. ahead of在…之前,超过…; ahead of time提前。   37. in the air 1)不肯定,不具体。 2)在谣传中。   38. above all (=especially, most important of all)尤其是,最重要的

9、   39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether)总共,总计 40. after all毕竟,到底; (not) at all一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all只此一次; above all最重要的; first of all首先; all in all大体上说; be all in累极了; all but几乎。   41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into acc

10、ount)考虑到,估计到。   42. amount to (=to be equal to)总计,等于。 43. answer for对…负责。 (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for)   44. answer to (=conform to)适合,符合。   45. be anxious about为…焦急不安;= anxious for   46. apologize to sb. for sth.为…向…道歉 47. appeal to sb. for sth.为某事向某人呼吁。 a

11、ppeal to sb.对某人有吸引力 48. apply to sb. for sth.为…向…申请; apply for申请; apply to适用。   49. apply to与…有关;适用 50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right)赞成, approve vt.批准   51. arise from(=be caused by)由…引起。   52. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth.安排…做… 53. a

12、rrive on到达; arrive at到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in到达某地(大地方);   54. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done)以…为羞耻   55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.)向…保证,使…确信。   56. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join)缚,系,结   57. make an attempt at doing s

13、th. (to do sth.)试图做… 58. attend to (=give one's attention, care and thought)注意,照顾; attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after)侍候,照料   59. attitude to/ toward…对…的态度。看法 60. attribute…to…把……归因于……,认为……是……的结果 (=to believe sth. to be the result of…)   61. on the average (=on average, on an averag

14、e)平均 62. (be) aware of意识到,知道。 (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)   63. at the back of (=behind)在…后面 64. in the back of在…后部(里面); on the back of在…后部(外面); be on one's back(=be ill in bed)卧病不起。 65. at one's back(=supporting or favoring sb.)支持,维护; have sb. at one’s back有…支持,

15、有…作后台 66. turn one's back on sb. 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃 (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way)   67. behind one's back背着某人(说坏话)   68. be based on / upon基于   69. on the basis of根据…,在…基础上   70. beat…at在…运动项目上打赢 71. begin with以…开始。 to begin with (=first of all)首先,第一(经常用于开始语)   72. on behalf of (=as

16、the representative of)以…名义   73. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true)相信,依赖,信仰。   74. benefit (from)受益,得到好处。   75. for the benefit of为了…的利益(好处)   76. for the better好转   77. get the better of (=defeat sb.)打败,胜过。 78. by birth在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth在出生时; give birth to

17、出生 79. blame sb. for sth.因…责备某人。 blame sth. on sb.把…推在某人身上 80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)   81. on board到船上,在船上,上火车或飞机   82. boast of (or about)吹嘘   83. out of breath喘不过气来   84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之   85. in bulk成批地,不散装的   86.

18、 take the floor起立发言   87. on business出差办事。   88. be busy with sth.于某事。be busy doing sth.忙于做某事   89. last but one倒数第二。   90. but for (=without)要不是。表示假设   91. buy sth. for…money用多少钱买 92. be capable of能够,有能力 be capable of being +过去分词:是能够被…的 93. in any case无论如何 (=for love or money, at any rate,

19、at any price, at any cost,whatever happens;anyhow)   94. in case (=for fear that)万一; 95. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一 in the case of至于…,就…而言   96. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)   97. be cautious of谨防   98. center one's attention on(=focus one’s attention on)把某人的注意力集中在…上   99. be certain

20、of (=be sure of)有把握,一定。   100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地   101. by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然   102. for a change换换环境(花样等)   103. charge sb. with…控告某人犯有… 104. in charge of (=responsible for)负责(某事) in the charge of…由…管   105. take charge of (=to be or become responsible fo

21、r)负责管理(照顾) 106. charge…for因…索取(费用) , charge sb. with sth.控告某人犯有…   107. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping)昼夜不停地   108. comment on评论 109. commit oneself to使自己承担… commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱; commit one's idea to writing把某人的想法写下来; commit a matter to a committe

22、e把某事交给委员会讨论 110. in common (和…)有共同之处,共用。 be common to sb.是与某人所共有的   111. keep company with (=be friendly and go out together)和…要好。   112. compare…with…把…与…比较   113. compare…to…把…比作…   114. by comparison比较起来   115. in comparison with (=in contrast to)和…比起来 116. compensate for (=give sth. to

23、make up for)补偿,赔偿,弥补 compensate sb. for sth.赔偿,弥补 117. complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告; complain about抱怨某人或事情; complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.)向某人抱怨…; complain (抱怨); complement (补充); compliment (恭维)   118. comply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.)遵守,依从   119. co

24、nceive of (think of, imagine, consider)想象,设想   120. concentrate on (or upon)集中,专心   121. be concerned with (=about)与…有关   122. concern oneself about / with关心 123. in conclusion(=as the last thing)最后一点; at the conclusion of当…结束时;   124. condemn sb. to判决 125. on condition that (=if)以…为条件,假如。

25、 in that = because因为; now that = since既然; for all that = although尽管 126. in / out of condition (=thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit)健康状况好/不好。 in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态 127. confess(to)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth. wrong)承认,供认; confess to a crime承认罪行。   128. confide in (=to talk f

26、reely to sb. about one's secret)对…讲真心话,依赖 129. in confidence推心置腹地; with confidence满怀信心地; have confidence in对…有信心   130. confidence in sb. / sth.对…的信赖 131. be confident of有信心; confidential机密的   132. confine…to…把…限制在某范围内   133. confirm sb. in使某人更坚定(信念等) 134. conform to (=be in agreement wi

27、th, comply with)符合,遵照,遵守; 1)obey服从; 2) observe; 3)comply with照…办; 4)keep to遵循; 5)abide by服从; 6)stick to按……做   135. be confronted with(=be brought face to face with)面对,面临   136. congratulate sb. on祝贺   137. in connection with(=with regard to)关于,   138. be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察,知道

28、   139. consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意   140. in consequence (=as a result)结果   141. in consequence of (=as a consequence of)由于…的结果   142. under consideration在考虑中   143. in consideration of (=in return for, on account of, because of )由于   144. on no consideration(in no case)无论如何也不

29、   145. take…into consideration (=take account of, take…into account)考虑到,把…考虑进去 146. considerate (=thoughtful of the needs)体贴的,考虑他人需要的, considerable相当大的,值得考虑的 147. consist of(=be composed of)由…组成的。 consist in主要在于。 consist with符合,与…一致 148. be consistent with(=be in agreement with)与…一致。 be

30、 consistent in一贯的,   149. consult sb. on/ about sth.向…征求…方面的意见,就…向…请教   150. to one's heart’s content尽情地,痛痛快快 151. be content with(=be satisfied with)满足于 be content to do sth.愿意做某事   152. contrary to (=in opposition to)与…相反   153. on the contrary相反   154. contrast…with把…与…相对(对照) 155. in cont

31、rast to/with和…形成对比; by contrast对比之下   156. contribute to有助于 157. under control (被)控制住 out of control无法控制 158. at one's convenience(=where and when it suits one)在方便的时间或地点。 be convenient to / for对…方便 159. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.)使某人确信, try to pe

32、rsuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做…   160. cope with(=deal with, try to find a solution to)应付,处理 161. in the corner(of)在角落里; on(at) the comer of a street在街道拐弯处; round the comer拐过弯; be in a tight corner陷入困境   162. correspond (with) ( =exchange letters regularly)通信 163. correspond to相当于。 correspond

33、with符合,一致 164. at all costs不惜任何代价。 at the cost of以…为代价   165. a matter of course理所当然的事   166. as a matter of course当然地,自然地   167. in (during) the course在…过程中   168. in due course (=without too much delay)没经过太久,到一定时候 169. on credit赊购; with credit以优异成绩; to one's credit使某人感到光荣; do sb. credi

34、t使…感到光荣   170.be critical of爱挑毛病的,批评的   171. cure sb. of+某种疾病治好某人的疾病 172. a danger to对…的危险; be in danger(of)处于…危险中; be out of danger脱离危险   173. to date(=so far, until now)到目前为止 174. out of date过时的; up to date新式的,时兴的; date back to可追溯到; date from从某时期开始(有)   175. deal with (=concern)论

35、及   176. be in debt to sb.欠…的债 177. on the decline在衰退中,在减少中 in decline下降; on the increase在增加 178. to one's delight令某人感到高兴; to one’s regret遗憾; sorrow悲痛;relief安心;distress苦恼;shame羞愧;surprise惊奇;astonishment惊奇;   179. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢,取乐   180. take (a) delight

36、 in喜欢干…,以…为乐 181. demand sth. of sb.向某人要求(非物质的)东西。 demand sth. from sb.向某人要求(物质的)东西   182.in demand有需求;on demand受到要求时   183. be dependent on依靠   184. deprive sb. of sth.剥夺某人某物 185. derive…from(=obtain…from)从…取得,由…来的。 derive from(=come from)起源于   186. despair of (=lose all hope of)绝望   18

37、7. in despair绝望   188. despite (=in spite of)不管,尽管   189. in detail详细地   190. deviate from偏离,不按…办   191. on a diet吃某种特殊饮食,节食   192. differ from…in与…的区别在于…   193. in difficulties…有困难,处境困难,   194. discharge sb. (from)…for (=dismiss sb. from a job for)因…解雇,开除 195. fall back (=retreat, turn bac

38、k)撤退; in disorder慌乱地,狼狈不堪   196. on display(=being shown publicly)陈列   197. dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)处理掉   198. beyond dispute不容争议的,无可争议   199. in dispute在争议中 200. in the distance在远处。 make out辩认出   201. (be) distinct from ( = be different from)与…截然不同   202. distinguish between

39、make or recognize differences)辨别   203. distinguish…from把…与…区别开 204. do away with(=get rid of; abolish; discard eliminate)除去,废除,取消; do away with (=kill)杀掉,镇压   205. have…to do with与…有关系   206. without doubt (=undoubtedly)无可置疑地   207. in doubt(=in a condition of uncertainty)对…表示疑惑   208. be

40、 due to是由于   209. come off duty下班   210. go on duty上班   211. be on duty值班,值日,在上班时   212. be in duty bound to (do) (=be required by one's job or esp. by conscience)有义务(做)   213. be eager for想得到,盼望   214. by ear (=play music from memory without having seen it printed)凭记忆,不看乐谱   215. have an ear

41、 for (=have keen recognition of sounds esp. in music and language)对……有鉴赏力   216. a word in one's ear私房话,秘密话   217. on earth究竟,到底,全然   218. with ease ( = easily)容易,不费力   219. at (one's) ease ( = without worry or nervousness)自在,不拘束   220. put sb. at his / her ease (=free sb. from worry or nervous

42、ness)使某人感到无拘束   221. economize on (=save sth. instead of being wasteful)节省   222. have an effect on对…有影响   223. be in effect (=be in operation)有效 224. go into effect生效。 (近: come into effect; take effect; be brought into effect)   225. in effect (=in fact, really)实际上   226. give effect to (=c

43、arry out)实行,使…生效   227. to no effect不起作用,没有取得任何效果   228. (be) of no effect (=useless)无效   229. to the effect that大意是…,主要内容是…   230. to that effect是那个意思的…   231. emerge from ( =appear, become known )出现,暴露(问题。意见等)   232. place(or put, lay) an emphasis on强调,把重点放在…上 233. encourage sb. in鼓励; enc

44、ourage sb. in his/her work鼓励某人工作; encourage sb. in his/her idleness怂恿某人游手好闲   234. encourage sb. in…with sth.用…鼓励某人做某事   235. on end (=continuously)连续地   236. (be) at an end (=finished)结束了   237. no end of (=very many/much)很多,大量   238. in the end (=finally, eventually)最终   239. at one's wit’

45、s end (=not knowing what to do or to say)无法可想,智穷计尽   240. end up with以…而结束   241. come to and end (=finish)结束   242. end in以…为结束   243. engage in或be engaged in忙于,从事   244. enter for (=put the name on a list for)报名参加   245. enter into (=begin)开始(谈话,谈判等)   246. enter on / upon (=begin)开始(一个时代。一

46、种生涯。一段任期等)   247. be entitled to (=be given the right to do sth.)有权…,有资格…   248. be equal to等于 249. be/ feel equal to (=have enough strength, ability etc.) (某人)能胜任,能应付 on equal terms(=on and equal footing)平等地   250. be equipped with装备有,装有   251. (be) equivalent to(=equal in value, amount, mean

47、ing)相等于,相当于   252. in essence (=in its/one's nature)本质上   253. at all events (=in spite of everything, in any case)不论怎样,无论如何   254. in any event (=whatever happens in the future)无论如何,不管(将来)怎么样   255. in the event that(=if)假如,如果。 in the event结果,实际情况是(常与but连用)   256. in the event of(=in case of)万

48、一,即使发生……时   257. except除…以外; besides除…以外还有……   258. except (=but)除了。   259. except for (=apart from)除…以外   260. (an) exception to…的例外   261. with the exception of (=except, apart from)除去…。,除…以外   262. in excess of (=more than)超过   263. exchange…for以…交换   264. exclusive of (=not taking into a

49、ccount; without)不包括   265. in excuse of作为…的借口   266. exert…on…对…施加…   267. exert oneself to do sth.努力,使劲 268. come into existence (=begin to exist)开始存在; come into use开始使用; come into effect开始运转; come into fashion开始时新; come into action开始行动; come into power开始执政; come into sight进入视野; co

50、me into blossom开花; 269. (be) in existence存在 come into existence出现   270. expect…of在…期望…   271. at the expense of在损害…情况下,以…为牺牲   272. expose…to…使暴露于…,使…受(危险,风险)   273. be exposed to…面临…,受到…。   274. beyond expression (=in a manner that cannot be expressed)无法形容,说不出的 275. give expression to表达,表现

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