VOA中级美国英语教程.doc

一.本课要点及示例:
在这课里我们要学习用 one o-n-e one "一个" 跟 which one "哪一个" 作句子.我们 也要学用单字介词, 比方: on, in, under, at, 跟一个字以上, 比较长的介词, 比方: in front of "在什么什么前面", in back of "在什么什么后面" 作句子. 我们先学 the one 跟 which one.

现在请你听一段对话, 是说一对夫妇亨利 Henry 跟凯特 Kate 到飞机场去接亨利 的表妹苏珊 Susan. 现在请你注意听:

M: Kate, look! The passengers are coming from the plane, and there's Susan.
F: Which one ?
M: The tall one next to the window.
F: The one with the suitcase?
M: No. The one with the package under her arm.
F: Oh, yes! That's Susan !
M: Hello, Susan! How was the trip?
F: Fine. It was a very good flight.

刚才那段对话不知道你听懂了多少?现在我们用比较慢的速度再念一遍给你听.

M: Kate, look! The passengers are coming from the plane, and there's Susan.
F: Which one?
M: The tall one next to the window.
F: The one with the suitcase? M: No. The one with the package under her arm.
F: Oh,yes! That's Susan!
M: Hello, Susan! How was the trip? F: Fine. It was a very good flight.

现在我们把会话里有 the one 跟 which one 的句子挑出来, 用慢速度再念一遍, 请你注意听.

F: Which one?
M: The tall one next to the window.
F: The one with the suitcase?
M: The one with the package under her arm.

二.Which one 和 one 练习 现在我们来作一组练习.

老师先问 Which one? 然后他再念一个词组, 请你用 the one 跟这个词组来回答问题, 最后请你注意听正确答案.

F: Which one?
F: with the suitcase
M: The one with the suitcase.
F: Which one?
F: with the red dress
M: The one with the red dress.
F: Which one?
F: with the long hair
M: The one with the long hair.
F: Which one?
F: with the package
M: The one with the package.
F: Which one?
F: with the black shoes
M: The one with the black shoes.

现在我们换一个方式作练习, 这组练习的内容是说 Henry 跟 Kate 要去赴一个宴 会, 商量穿什么衣服, 还揣测宴会是大是小. 练习的作法是老师先提出一个有选 择的问句, 然后给你一个形容词, 请你用这个形容词跟 one 来回答问题. 我们先 举一个例子给你听.

F: Are you going to wear the yellow shirt or the white shirt?
你要穿黄衬衫还是白衬衫?
M: white 白.
F: I'm going to wear the white one.
我要穿白的. 请你注意答案里的 one 这个字指的就是问句里的 shirt 那个字. 现在我们开始 练习. 在你回答之后, 请听正确答案.

F: Are you going to wear the yellow shirt or the white shirt?
F: white
M: I'm going to wear the white one.
F: Are you going to wear a long coat or a short coat?
F: long
M: I'm going to wear a long one.
F: Is it going to be a big party or a small party?
F: small
M: It's going to be a small one.

请你注意: 凡是多数名词, 应该用 ones. 下面我们来练习:

F: Are you going to wear white shoes or black shoes?
F: black
M: I'm going to wear the black ones.
F: Are you going to wear blue pants or brown pants?
F: blue
M: I'm going to wear the blue ones.
F: Are you going to wear new gloves or old gloves?
F: new M: I'm going to wear the new ones.

三.介词和介词短语

刚才我们练习了用 one 跟 which one 作句子, 现在让我们看一看怎么用单字介 词 preposition 作句子. 比如: on, o-n, on "上面", under, u-n-d-e-r, under "下面", in, i-n, in "里面", 等等都是介词. 我们还要学一个字以上的介词, 比如: in front of "在什么什么前面", in back of "在什么什么后面"之类的短语来作句子. 首先请你注意听一些有介词跟介词短语的句子, 内容是说 Susan 坐在那儿吃早点, 桌上有面包, 有一杯牛奶, 天花板上吊着一盏灯, 桌底下有只狗. 好, 现在 请你注意听, 每个句子我们念两遍.

M: Susan is at the table.
F: Susan is at the table.
M: The bread is on the table.
F: The bread is on the table.
M: The milk is in the glass.
F: The milk is in the glass.
M: The dog is under the table.
F: The dog is under the table.
M: The lamp is over the table.
F: The lamp is over the table.

下面我们来做换字练习. 先由老师念一个句子, 接着老师提出一个介词短语, 请 学生把这个介词短语换到句子里. 首先给你举个例子:

M: The suitcase is under the seat.
M: under the table
F: The suitcase is under the table.

好, 我们正式开始. 在你回答之后, 请你听正确答案.

M: The suitcase is under the seat.
M: under the table
F: The suitcase is under the table.
M: under the chair
F: The suitcase is under the chair.
M: under the desk
F: The suitcase is under the desk.

下面老师换了一个句子:

M: Susan is next to the window.
M: next to the door
F: Susan is next to the door.
M: next to the table
F: Susan is next to the table.
M: next to her parents
F: Susan is next to her parents.

下面老师又换了另外一个句子:

M: Henry is in front of the door.
M: in front of the window
F: Henry is in front of the window.
M: in front of the table
F: Henry is in front of the table.
M: in front of the seat
F: Henry is in front of the seat.

老师又换了一个句子:

M: Henry's house is near the airport.
M: near the railroad station
F: Henry's house is near the railroad station.
M: near the park F: Henry's house is near the park.
M: near the school
F: Henry's house is near the school.

下面又是一个新句子:

M: Kate lives far from the city.
M: far from the office
F: Kate lives far from the office.
M: far from the store
F: Kate lives far from the store.
M: far from the university
F: Kate lives far from the university.

四.介词短语作形容词

好了, 现在让我们看一看怎么样把介词短语当作形容词来用. 比如有一句话: The suitcase is under the seat. "小提箱是在座位底下", 还有另外一句话: The suitcase is red. "小提箱是红颜色的", 把这两话句并成一句, 我们可以这样说: The suitcase under the seat is red. "座位底下的小提箱是红颜色的", 于是, 介词 短语 under the seat 是用来形容小提箱的. 下面我们要练习这类句子. 首先由老师念两个句子, 学生把两句并成一句, 听了 合并的句子以后, 请你跟着重复. 现在我们开始.

M: The suitcase is under the seat.
M: The suitcase is red.
F: The suitcase under the seat is red.
M: The woman is next to the children.
M: The woman is Susan.
F: The woman next to the children is Susan.
M: The package is under her arm.
M: The package is brown.
F: The package under her arm is brown.
M: The flag is over the airport.
M: The flag is red and blue.
F: The flag over the airport is red and blue.
M: The milk is in the glass.
M: The milk is cold.
F: The milk in the glass is cold.
M: The man is on top of the airport building.
M: The man is Henry.
F: The man on top of the airport building is Henry.
M: The woman is in front of the door.
M: The woman is Kate.
F: The woman in front of the door is Kate.

五.听短文回答问题

现在我们要念一段文章给你听. 文章里包括今天学的一些介词和介词短语, 文 章的内容是说 Susan 乘飞机到美国西部的西雅图市去看表哥 Henry, 表嫂 Kate 跟外甥. 好了, 我们先用自然的速度念一遍给你听, 等一会儿还要请你回答三个问题.

Susan is very excited about her trip. She is going to Seattle to visit her cousins Henry, Kate, and their children. She is bringing them presents. She has sweaters for Henry and Kate; a brown one for him and a pink one for her. She is also bringing games, one for each of the children. The presents are in a package under the seat in front of Susan. She is sitting in a seat next to the window. Now she sees the flag over the Seattle airport. She also sees some people on top of the airport building.

这段文章不知道你听懂了多少? 假如没有全听懂, 不要着急, 等一会儿我们还 要用慢速度再念一遍. 现在请注意听我们今天要问的三个问题.

第一个问题是: M: Where is Susan going?
第二个问题是: M: Who is Susan visiting?
第三个问题是: M: What is Susan bringing her cousins?

好了, 现在我们再把文章念一遍. 这次念得比较慢, 请你特别注意前面三个问题 的答案:

Susan is very excited about her trip. She is going to Seattle to visit her cousins Henry, Kate, and their children. She is bringing them presents. She has sweaters for Henry and Kate; a brown one for him and a pink one for her. She is also bringing games, one for each of the children. The presents are in a package under the seat in front of Susan. She is sitting in a seat next to the window. Now she sees the flag over the Seattle airport. She also sees some people on top of the airport building.

现在请你回答问题. 回答之后请听正确答案.

第一个问题是: M: Where is Susan going? F: Susan is going to Seattle.
第二个问题是 M: Who is Susan visiting? F: Susan is visiting her cousins Henry,Kate,and their children.
最后一个问题是: M: What is Susan bringing her cousins? F: She has sweaters for them; a brown one for Henry and a pink one for Kate.

一.本课要点及示例
今天我们要练习两个词组, 一个是 used to, u-s-e-d t-o, used to, 另外一个是动词加上 to, to, to 再加上动词, 也就是 like to do 和 want to go 等等的动词短语. 首先请你听一段对话, 内容是说 Henry 跟他表妹 Susan 在谈做运动. 我们先把这段对话用正常速度念一遍, 请你注意正确的发音跟语调的抑扬顿挫.
M: Susan, what do you do for exercise?
F: I go swimming once a week.
M: I used to swim in high school, but I don't have time anymore.
F: That's too bad. Exercise is really important.
M: I know. I'm getting a little fat. I didn't use to be this heavy.
F: Well, I'm going swimming tonight. Do you want to go with me?
M: Okay. I really need to get in shape again.
现在我们把这段对话用慢速度再念一遍, 请注意听.
M: Susan, what do you do for exercise?
F: I go swimming once a week.
M: I used to swim in high school, but I don't have time anymore.
F: That's too bad. Exercise is really important.
M: I know. I'm getting a little fat. I didn't use to be this heavy.
F: Well, I'm going swimming tonight. Do you want to go with me?
M: Okay. I really need to get in shape again.
现在我们把刚才那段会话里包含了今天要学的语法, 也就是有 used to 跟有动词加上 to 再加上动词的句子挑出来用慢速度再念一遍给你听.
M: I used to swim in high school.
M: I didn't use to be this heavy.
F: Do you want to go with me?
M: I really need to get in shape again.
二. USED TO
首先我们练习 used to 的用法. 这个词组是表示过去常常做一件事而现在不再做了.
下面我们用 used to 跟在上一课里学过的字作句子; 每个句子念两遍, 请你注意听, 同时, 在念第二遍的时候也请你跟着说.
M: Henry used to wear old gloves.
F: Henry used to wear old gloves.
M: He used to sit next to me in school.
F: He used to sit next to me in school.
M: Susan used to drink a lot of milk.
F: Susan used to drink a lot of milk.
M: She used to live far from the store.
F: She used to live far from the store.
M: Henry and Kate used to go to small parties.
F: Henry and Kate used to go to small parties.
M: They used to go out to eat.
F: They used to go out to eat.
下面我们来作换字练习. 先由老师念一个有 used to 这个词组的句子, 接着老师念一个短语, 学生就把这个短语换进句子里. 现在先举个例子:
M: I used to swim in high school.
M: to play basketball
F: I used to play basketball in high school.
好, 现在我们开始. 在学生做练习的时候, 请你也一起做.
M: I used to swim in high school.
M: to play basketball
F: I used to play basketball in high school.
M: to play volleyball
F: I used to play volleyball in high school.
M: to exercise
F: I used to exercise in high school.
M: to run
F: I used to run in high school.
好了, 现在我们看一看怎么样把 He used to swim in high school. 变成问句. 在把这个句子变成问句的时候必须用did, d-i-d, did 开头,于是这句话就变成了Did he use to swim in high school? 再举一个例子: 把 She used to exercise in high school. 这句话变成问句, 就要这样说: Did she use to exercise in high school?
现在我们来做练习. 由老师念一个有 used to 这个词组的句子,叫学生把这些句子改为问句. 现在请你注意听.
M: He used to swim in high school.
F: Did he use to swim in high school?
M: She used to play basketball in high school.
F: Did she use to play basketball in high school?
M: You used to play volleyball in high school.
F: Did you use to play volleyball in high school?
M: They used to exercise in high school.
F: Did they use to exercise in high school?
M: Henry used to run in high school.
F: Did Henry use to run in high school?
现在我们换一个方法作练习.由老师念一个句子,请你用where, w-h-e-r-e, where这个字, 把句子改成问句. 首先还是举个例子:
M: He used to swim in a river.
F: Where did he use to swim?
好, 现在我们正式开始. 在你把句子改为问句之后, 请听正确答案.
M: He used to swim in a river.
F: Where did he use to swim?
M: She used to work in the factory.
F: Where did she use to work?
M: They used to play volleyball in their backyard.
F: Where did they use to play volleyball?
M: Susan used to run in the park.
F: Where did Susan use to run?
现在我们再换一个方式来做练习. 先由老师用 when, w-h-e-n, when这个字, 问一个有 used to 这个词组的问句, 接着老师提出一个说明时间的词组, 请你用时间词组来回答问题. 首先举个例子:
M: When did he use to get up?
M: at seven o'clock
F: He used to get up at seven o'clock.
现在我们正式开始. 在你回答之后, 还是请你听我们的正确答案.
M: When did he use to get up?
M: at seven o'clock
F: He used to get up at seven o'clock.
M: When did she use to have a lot of time?
M: after school
F: She used to have a lot of time after school.
M: When did they use to go to soccer games?
M: on Sundays
F: They used to go to soccer games on Sundays.
M: When did Kate use to have a vacation?
M: in the summer
F: Kate used to have a vacation in the summer.
三.动词 + TO + 动词
刚才我们练习了怎么用 used to 这个词组, 现在我们来学习动词加上 to, t-o, to再加上动词的用法. 首先请你听一个句子: I like to play volleyball. 这个句子有两个动词like 和play. 这两个动词是由 to, 这个字联在一起的, to play volleyball就是 like 这个动词的宾语. 再举一个例子: She likes to listen to music. 这个句子的宾语就是 to listen to music.
现在我们来练习这类句子. 练习的内容都是说亨利到了周未喜欢在家做些什么.
每个句子我们念两遍, 在念第二遍的时候请你跟着念.
M: Henry likes to eat at home on weekends.
F: Henry likes to eat at home on weekends.
M: Henry likes to cook his own dinner on weekends.
F: Henry likes to cook his own dinner on weekends.
M: Henry likes to make fancy dishes on weekends.
F: Henry likes to make fancy dishes on weekends.
M: Henry likes to invite friends on weekends.
F: Henry likes to invite friends on weekends.
除了 like 这个动词, 其他动词, 比方: love, l-o-v-e, love, want, w-a-n-t, want, plan, p-l-a-n, plan, try, t-r-y, try, need, n-e-e-d, need, prefer, p-r-e-f-e-r, prefer, 都可以这样用. 现在我们用这些动词来作换字练习. 首先举个例子:
M: Susan loves to exercise.
M: wants to play tennis
F: Susan wants to play tennis.
好, 现在我们开始. 在你回答之后, 请注意听正确答案.
M: Susan loves to exercise.
M: wants to play tennis
F: Susan wants to play tennis.
M: plans to go swimming
F: Susan plans to go swimming.
M: tries to run very fast
F: Susan tries to run very fast.
M: needs to study hard
F: Susan needs to study hard.
M: prefers to travel by train.
F: Susan prefers to travel by train.
下面我们换一个方式作练习. 先由老师念一个陈述句, 叫学生改为问句. 请你注意, 改为问句的时候必须要用 does, d-o-e-s, does. 现在请你注意听.
M: Susan loves to exercise.
F: Does Susan love to exercise?
M: Susan wants to play tennis.
F: Does Susan want to play tennis?
M: Susan plans to go swimming.
F: Does Susan plan to go swimming?
M: Susan tries to run very fast.
F: Does Susan try to run very fast?
M: Susan needs to study hard.
F: Does Susan need to study hard?
M: Susan prefers to travel by train.
F: Does Susan prefer to travel by train?
在下面一组练习里, 由老师念一些句子, 请你用what, w-h-a-t, what 这个字把原来的句子改为问句, 然后请你听正确答案.
M: Henry loves to cook his own dinner.
F: What does Henry love to cook?
M: Henry likes to make fancy dishes.
F: What does Henry like to make?
M: Susan wants to play tennis.
F: What does Susan want to play?
M: Susan needs to study for test.
F: What does Susan need to study for?
M: Kate plans to buy a dress.
F: What does Kate plan to buy?
M: Kate prefers to have a small party.
F: What does Kate prefer to have?
四. 听短文回答问题
现在我们来测验一下你的听力.首先请你听一段文章,内容是说亨利一家人怎么旅行, 谈到了坐火车有什么好处.
好, 现在请你注意听.
Henry used to travel by train. Nowadays there are fewer trains and Henry, like most people, prefers to travel by car. Henry's wife, Kate, however, still likes to travel by train. She wants to relax and she doesn't need to worry about gas, repairs, or parking when traveling by train. Henry's cousin, Susan, and her parents live in New York. They take the train to their jobs everyday. They travel by train because they don't like to drive in city traffic.
刚才那段文章不知道你听懂了多少? 等一会儿, 我们再用慢速度给你念一遍.
现在请你注意听我们要测验的三个问题.
第一个问题是:
M: How did Henry use to travel?
第二个问题是:
M: Does Kate still like to travel by train?
第三个问题是:
M: Why do Susan and her parents take the train to their jobs?
好了,现在我们用慢速度再把文章念一遍,请你特别注意刚才那三个问题的答案.
Henry used to travel by train. Nowadays there are fewer trains and Henry, like most people, prefers to travel by car. Henry's wife, Kate, however, still likes to travel by train.